Events on Apr 25

• 1185Sea battle at Dan-no-ura: Minamoto Yoritomo beats Taira-family
• 1449Anti-pope Felix V resigns
• 1507Geographer Martin Waldseemuller 1st used name America
• 1607Battle at Gibraltar: Dutch fleet beats Spanish / Portuguese fleet
• 1614Amsterdam Bank of Loan forms
• 1626Battle at the Dessauer bridge: Monarch Albrecht von Wallenstein beats Earl of Mansfeld
• 1660London Convention Parliament begins
• 1660Parliament meets and votes to restore Charles II
• 1678French troops conquer Ypres
• 1684Patent granted for thimble
• 1707Battle of Almansa-Franco-Spanish forces defeat Anglo-Portuguese
• 1719Daniel Defoes publishes "Robinson Crusoe"
• 1747Prince Willem V appointed Viceroy of Zealand
• 1792Guillotine 1st used, executes highwayman Nicolas J Pelletier
• 1850Paul Julius Reuter, use 40 pigeons to carry stock market prices
• 1859Ground broken for Suez Canal
• 18617th New York arrives to reinforce Washington, DC
• 1861Battle of Lavaca, Texas
• 1862Battle of New Orleans LA - US Admiral Farragut occupies New Orleans
• 1867Tokyo opens for foreign trade
• 1875Latest date for measurable snow in NYC (3")
• 1876Chicago Cubs 1st NL game, beats Louisville 4-0 (1st NL shutout)
• 1881250,000 Germans petition to bar foreign Jews from entering Germany
• 1881French troops occupy Algeria and Tunisia
• 1886Sigmund Freud opens practice at Rathausstrasse 7, Vienna
• 1891President Benjamin Harrison visits San Francisco
• 1896Fight in Central Dance Hall starts fire (Cripple Creek Colorado)
• 1896Sidney Jones and Harry Greenbacks musical premieres in London
• 1898US declares war on Spain over Cuba
• 1901In last of 9th, Detroit Tigers, trailing by 13-4, score 10 runs to win one of greatest comebacks in baseball (1st game in Detroit)

Born on Apr 25

• 1214Louis IX: King of France (1226-70)
• 1228Koenraad IV: Roman Catholic German King (1237-54)
• 1284Edward II: King of England (1307-27)
• 1567Aurelio Signoretti: Composer
• 1599Oliver Cromwell: Puritan lord protector of England (1653-58)
• 1614Hieronymus van Beverningk: Chief Dutch treasurer / maecenas
• 1666Johann Heinrich Buttstett: Composer
• 1677Guillaume Coustou, Sr.: French sculptor (Chevaux the Marly)
• 1690Gottlieb Theophil Muffat: Composer
• 1710James Ferguson: Astronomer
• 1723Giovanni Marco Rutini: Composer
• 1730Fedele Fenaroli: Composer
• 1769Mark Isambard Brunel: Engineer / inventor
• 1792John Keble: Anglican priest / founder (Oxford Movement)
• 1818Marek Konrad Sokolowski: Composer
• 1824Gustave-Rodolphe-Clarence Boulanger: Painter
• 1825Charles Ferdinand Dowd: United States -- Standardized time zones
• 1837William Charles Levey: Composer
• 1840James Dearing: Brigadier General (Confederate Army), died in 1865
• 1841Pauline Lucca: Soprano
• 1842Antonio Fogazzarro: Italian writer / poet (Il santo / Leila)
• 1849Felix Klein: German mathematician (Evanston Colloquium)
• 1862Edward Grey: English Viscount of Fallodon / Minister of Foreign Affairs
• 1867Jean Demoor: Belgian Physician / physiologist
• 1869Karl Prohaska: Composer
• 1871Sara Amsel: Indonesian / Dutch actress
• 1876Ruben Marcos Campos: Composer
• 1881Hans Windisch: German new testament expert
• 1883Elsa Maxwell: Keokuk, Iowa -- Writer (Jack Paar Show)
• 1895Stanley Rous: British soccer official

Died on Apr 25

• 0974Ratherius of Verona / Liege: Bishop / abbot, dies at about 84
• 1342Benedict XII [Jacques Fournier]: Pope (1334-42)
• 1472Leon Battista degli Alberti: Scupltor / musician (Dinner Pieces)
• 1482Margaret of Anjou: Queen (Henry VI)
• 1566Diane de Poitiers: Lover of French King Henry II
• 1595Torquato Tasso: Italian Poet / playwright, dies at 51
• 1607Don Juan Alvarez: Spanish Admiral (Gibraltar), dies in battle
• 1607Jacob van Heemskerck: Dutch Admiral (Nova Zambia), dies in battle
• 1635Alessandro Tassoni: Ital political writer (Rape of Bucket), dies at 69
• 1647Matthias Gallas: Austrian Earl of Campo / Duke of Lucerna, dies at 62
• 1663Heinrich Pape: Composer, dies at 53
• 1690David Teniers the Younger: Flemish Painter (Pictorium), dies at 79
• 1728John Woodward: Geologist / physician
• 1744Anders Celsius: Swed astronomer (Centegrade Thermometer), dies at 42
• 1792Johann Friedrich Gottlieb Beckmann: Composer, dies at 54
• 1792Nicolas J Pelletier: Frenchman, 1st guillotined
• 1800William Cowper: English lawyer / Poet (Olney Hymns), dies at 68
• 1808Alois Luigi Tomasini: Composer, dies at 66
• 1822Frederick "William" Herschel: German / British astronomer, dies at 83
• 1828John Goldberg: Dutch patriot / statesman, dies at 64
• 1845Thomas Duncan: Painter
• 1853William Beaumont: Physiologist
• 1862Charles Ferguson Smith: US Union General Major, dies of infection at 55
• 1873Walter de la Mare: Engl Poet / Author (Behold the Dreamer), dies at 43
• 1905Jacob Olie: Dutch photographer, dies at about 70
• 1906John Knowles Paine: US composer, dies at 67
• 1925George Stephanescu: Composer, dies at 81
• 1926Ellen K S Key: Swed Author / feminist (Century of the Child), dies at 76
• 1928Pjotr N Wrangel: Russian Baron General, dies at 49
• 1937Clem Sohn: Air show performer dies at 26 when his chute fails to open

Historical events on April 26

• 0757Paolo Orsini replaces his brother Pope Stephen II, as Paul I
• 1220German King Frederick II grants bishops sovereign rights
• 14781st Easter
• 1514Copernicus makes his 1st observations of Saturn
• 1532Sultan Suleiman through Hungary on away to Vienna
• 1564William Shakespeare baptized
• 16071st British to establish an American colony land at Cape Henry, Virginia
• 1654Jews are expelled from Brazil
• 1677Emperor Leopold I forms University of Innsbruck
• 1709Frisian Viceroy Johan Willem Friso marries countess Maria Louisa
• 1721Smallpox vaccination 1st administrated
• 17551st Russian university opens (Moscow)
• 1777Sybil Ludington, 16, rode from New York to Ct rallying her fathers militia
• 1814King Louis XVIII lands on Calais, from England
• 1819Odd Fellows Lodge forms
• 1841"Bombay Gazette" begins publishing on silk
• 1853Dutch King William III disbands 2nd Chamber
• 1855Composer Gioacchino Rossini leaves Italy
• 1865Battle of Durham Station, NC (Greensboro)
• 1865Battle of Ft Tobacco, Virginia
• 1865Confederate General J E Johnston surrenders Army of Tenn, at Durham, North Carolina
• 1887Huntsville Electric Co forms to sell electricity
• 1890Henry Morton Stanley inaugurated in London
• 18931st Cleveland Board of Park Commissioners forms
• 1900AL opener in Cleveland draws 6,500
• 1904Bell Telephone Company of Antwerp Belgium forms
• 1905Cubs Jack McCarthy becomes only major league player to throw out 3 runners at plate in 1 game, all were ends of a double play
• 19061st motion pictures shown in Hawaii
• 1907Jamestown, Va Tercentenary Exposition opens
• 19121st homerun hit at Fenway Park (Hugh Bradley, Red Sox)

Born on April 26

• 0121Antonius Marcus Aurelius [Marcus A Verus]: Emperor of Rome (161-180)
• 1319Jean II [the Good]: King of France (1350-64)
• 1538Giovanni P Lomazzo: Italian writer / poet (Trattato)
• 1567Nicolas Forme: Composer
• 1603Francesco Nigetti: Composer
• 1637Philip J van Lichtenbergh: Governor of Suriname
• 1648Pedro II: King of Portugal (1683-1706)
• 1711David Hume: English empiricist / philosopher (Treatise of Human Nature)
• 1718Esek Hopkins: United States -- 1st Commander-in-Chief (US Navy)
• 1726Pasquale Paoli: Corsican freedom fighter
• 1776Joan M Kemper: Dutch lawyer (designed civil code law book)
• 1782Maria Amalia of Bourbon-Sicily: Wife of Louis Phillip of Austria
• 1787Ludwig Uhland: Writer
• 1796Auguste-Matthieu Panseron: Composer
• 1806Ludwig Friedrich Hetsch: Composer
• 1812Alfred Krupp: German arms Merchant
• 1820Alice Cary: Cincinnati, Ohio -- American poet (Cincinnati Sentinel)
• 1822Frederick Law Olmsted: Architect / writer (designed Central Park)
• 1822Jan Albert van Eyken: Composer / Organist
• 1827Charles Edward Hovey: Bvt Major General (Union volunteers)
• 1834Artemus Ward [Charles Farrar Browne]: Humorist
• 1834Horatio Richmond Palmer: Composer
• 1836Erminnie Adelle Platt: United States -- Ethnologist (Iriquois-English Dictionary)
• 1839Cyrus Hamblin: Bvt Major General (Union volunteers), died in 1867
• 1841Wilhelm Scherer: German literature historian
• 1863Arno Holz: Writer
• 1863Charles Haslewood Shannon: Lithographer / painter
• 1868Harold Sidney Harmsworth: 1st Viscount Rothermere / Newspaper publisher
• 1868Robert Herrick: US writer (Common lot)
• 1873Otto zur Linde: German author (Charon)

Died on April 26

• 1196Alfonso II: King of Aragon (1162-96)
• 1444Robert Campin: South Netherlands Painter / porter of Doornik, dies at about 65
• 1558Jean Francois Fernel: French physician
• 1648Christoph Thomas Walliser: Composer, dies at 79
• 1703Georg Christoph Leuttner: Composer, dies at 58
• 1726Jeremy Collier: Engl Bishop / Historian / opponent to theater, dies at 75
• 1785Karl Siegmund von Seckendorff: Composer, dies at 40
• 1789Peter I Panin: Russian General (Pugatshov-uprising), dies at about 67
• 1827Bernardo Ottani: Composer, dies at 90
• 1865Charles J Sax: Belgian inventor (saxophone), dies at 74
• 1865John Wilkes Booth: Assassin, is shot dead near Bowling Green VA at 27
• 1907Pietro Plantania: Composer, dies at 79
• 1922Hans Sommer: Composer, dies at 84
• 1924Josef Labor: Composer, dies at 82
• 1938Edmund Husserl: German philosopher (study of phenomenon), dies at 79
• 1940Carl Bosch: German chemist (BASF, IG Farben, Nobel 1931), dies at 65
• 1941Jean Demoor: Belgian Physician / physiologist / educationalist, dies at 74
• 1946Hermann Keyserling: Count / philosopher (Unsterblichkeit), dies at 65
• 1951John Alden Carpenter: US Composer (Sea Drift), dies at 75
• 1952Charles L Baars: Dutch actor (Women Tamers), dies at 59
• 1956Edward Arnold: Actor (Mr Smith Goes to Washington), dies at 66
• 1958Johan N C "Joan" Collette: Painter, dies at 68
• 1960Wander J de Haas: Dut physicist (Einstein-De Haas effect), dies at 82
• 1961Gail Russell: Actress (Calcutta, Moonrise, El Paso), dies at 36
• 1964Edwin John Pratt: Canadian Poet (Towards the Last Spike), dies at 81
• 1964Pieter van der Lijn: Dutch geologist (Boulder Book), dies at 93
• 1965Aaron Avshalomov: Composer, dies at 70
• 1970Gypsy Rose Lee: Stripper / actress (Pruitts of S Hampton), dies at 56
• 1970John Knittel: Writer, dies at 79
• 1972Margaret A R Bonds: US pianist / Composer / arranger, dies at 59

Events on Apr 27

• 1509Pope Julius II excommunicates Italian state of Venice
• 1518Treaty of St. Truiden: anti-French Trapdoors / Bourgondisch covenant
• 1522Battle at Bicacca: Charles I and Pope Adrianus VI beat France
• 1526Mogol King Babur beats Sultan of Delhi
• 15651st Spanish settlement in Philippines, Cebu City, forms
• 1576Peace of Beaulieu and Paix de Monsieur
• 1646King Charles I flees Oxford
• 1650Scottish general Montrose defeated
• 1662Netherlands and France sign military covenant
• 1694Frederik August I "the Strong" becomes Monarch of Saksen
• 1746Battle at Culloden Moor: Duke of Cumberland beats "James VIII & III"
• 1805US Marines attack shores of Tripoli
• 1813Americans under General Pike capture Toronto; Pike is killed
• 1838Fire destroys half of Charleston
• 1841Imakita Kosen, 1st Zen teacher of D.T. Suzuki, found the awakening
• 1857Establishment of Jewish congregations in Lower Austria prohibited
• 1859"Pomona" sinks in North Atlantic drowning all 400 aboard
• 1860Thomas J Jackson is assigned to command Harpers Ferry
• 1861President Abe Lincoln suspends writ of habeas corpus
• 1861West Virginia secedes from Virginia after Virginia secedes from US
• 1865Cornell University (Ithaca NY) is chartered
• 1870Heinrich Schliemann discovers Troi
• 1874White League, Paramilitary white supremacist organization, forms
• 1877Opera "Le Roi de Lahore" is produced (Paris)
• 1877President Hayes removes Federal troops from LA, Reconstruction ends
• 1881Pogroms against Russian Jews start in Elisabethgrad
• 19031st Highlander (Yankee) shut-out, Philadelphia Athletics win 6-0
• 1905World Exposition opens in Luik
• 1909Sultan of Turkey Abdul Hamid II is overthrown
• 1910Belgian parliament rejects socialist motion for general voting rights

Born on Apr 27

• 1410John Van Lannoy: Flemish Governor of Holland / Zealand / West Frisia
• 1623Johann Adam Reincken: Composer
• 1701Charles Emanuel I: King of Sardinia
• 1707John Burman: Dutch Botanist / director botanical gardens
• 1724Ferdinand Philipp Joseph Lobkowitz: Composer
• 1767Andreas Jakob Romberg: German violinist / composer (Song of the Clock)
• 1791Samuel Finley Breece Morse: US painter / inventor (telegraph)
• 1802Abraham Louis Niedermeyer: Composer
• 1803Alfred Julius Becher: Composer
• 1812Friedrich von Flotow: Composer
• 1820Herbert Spencer: Derby, England -- Victorian philosopher (Social Statics)
• 1824William Richard Bexfield: Composer
• 1828Gerben Colmjon: Dutch Frisian linguist / publisher
• 1840Edward Whymper: 1st to climb Matterhorn (1865)
• 1861Johan M Skjoldborg: Danish writer (Dynaes-Digte)
• 1865Emile Erens: Dutch Hagiographer (Pastor of Ars)
• 1869William Victor Harris: Composer
• 1871Arthur Finlay Nevin: Composer
• 1875Lumsden Hare: Ireland -- Actor (Oregon Trail, Desert Fox, Young Bess)
• 1883Hubert Harrison: St. Croix, Virgin Islands -- Writer / freedom fighter
• 1884Louis de Bree [Louis C Davids]: Actor (Bluejackets)
• 1892Louis Victor de Broglie: Physicist (studied electrons)
• 1893Norman Bel Geddes: Adrian, Michigan -- Theatrical designer (Rivals, Dead End)
• 1894Nicolas Slonimsky: Composer
• 1896Rogers Hornsby: 2nd baseman (St. Louis Cardinals)
• 1896Wallace Hume Carothers: Inventor (nylon)
• 1903Frank Belknap Long: American writer (Rim of the Unknown)
• 1903Hans Walter Kosterliz: Biochemist
• 1904Arthur F Burns: Economist / Chairman (Federal Reserve Board)
• 1904Cecil Day-Lewis: England, United Kingdom -- Poet laureate / detective (Nicholas Blake)

Died on Apr 27

• 1124Alexander I: King of Scotland (1107-24)
• 1404Philip [the Stout]: Duke of Burgundy, dies at 62
• 1521Ferdinand Magellan: World traveler, killed by Filipino natives at 50
• 1656Gerard van Honthorst: Painter, dies at 65
• 1656Jan J van Goyen: Dutch landscape painter, dies at 60
• 1682Theodorus III: Czar of Russia (1676-82)
• 1694Johan Georg IV: Elector of Saxony (1691-94), dies at 25
• 1702Jean Bart: French Captain / sea hero (Escape out of Plymouth), dies at 51
• 1758Jan Francisci: Composer, dies at 66
• 1764Jaime de Casellas: Composer, dies at 73
• 1871Sigismond Fortune Francois Thalberg: Composer, dies at 59
• 1872Ion Heliade-Radulescu: Romanian politician / author, dies at 70
• 1881Ludwig A Benedek: Austrian General, dies at 76
• 1882Ralph Waldo Emerson: US Poet (Representive Men)
• 1893John Murray Corse: US General (Union), dies on his 58th birthday
• 1901Richard Redhead: Composer, dies at 81
• 1902Julius Sterling Morton: Who started Arbor Day, dies at 72
• 1915Alexander N Skriabin: Russ pianist / Composer (Prometheus), dies at 43
• 1932Harold "Heart" Crane: US Poet (Bridge), commits suicide at 32
• 1936Frederik A Stoett: Linguist (Dutch Proverbs), dies at 72
• 1936Karl Pearson: Mathematician
• 1937Antonio Gramsci: Italian philosopher / marxist theorist, dies at 46
• 1938Edmond Rubbens: Belgian Minister to Colonies, dies at 44
• 1950Adam Tadeusz Wieniawski: Composer, dies at 70
• 1950Karl Straube: German Organist / conductor
• 1957Mario A Gianini: Creator (maraschino cherry)
• 1959Gordon Armstrong: Inventor (baby incubator)
• 1961Roy Del Ruth: Director (About Face, Folies Bergere), dies at 67
• 1964Georg Britting: Writer, dies at 73
• 1965Alan Bunce: Actor (Albert-Ethel & Albert), dies at 61