Events on Jan 7
- 0754Pope Stefanus II arrives in Ponthion
- 1325Afonso IV succeeds Dionysius as King of Portugal
- 1558Calais, last English possession in France, retaken by French
- 1566Antonio "Michele" Ghislieri is elected Pope Pius V
- 1566Michaele Ghislieri is elected Pope Pius V
- 1579England signs an offensive and defensive alliance with Netherland
- 1584Last day of the Julian calendar in Bohemia and Holy Roman empire
- 1598Boris Godunov seizes Russian throne on death of Feodore I
- 1601Robert, Earl of Essex leads revolt in London against Queen Elizabeth
- 1608Fire destroys Jamestown, Virginia
- 1610Galileo discovers 1st 3 Jupiter satellites, Io, Europa and Ganymede
- 1618Francis Bacon becomes English lord chancellor
- 1622Germany and Transylvania sign Peace of Nikolsburg
- 1630Composer Pier Cavalli marries rich widow Maria Sosomeno
- 1654Fire after heavy storm destroys 2 / 3 of De Rijp Neth, 1 dies
- 1698Russian Czar Peter the Great departs Netherlands to England
- 1714Typewriter patented by Englishman Henry Mill (built years later)
- 1761Battle at Panipat India: Afghan army beats Mahratten
- 17821st US commercial bank, Bank of North America, opens in Philadelphia
- 17841st US seed business established by David Landreth, Philadelphia
- 17851st balloon flight across English Channel (Blanchard & Jeffries)
- 18172nd Bank of US opens
- 18221st printing in Hawaii
- 1822Liberia colonized by Americans
- 18301st US Railroad Station opens (Baltimore)
- 1835HMS Beagle anchors off Chonos Archipelago
- 1861Florida troops takeover Ft Marion at St. Augustine
- 1862Battle of Manassas Junction, Virginia
- 1862Romney Campaign-Stonewall Jackson march towards Romney, West Virginia
- 1868Arkansas constitutional convention meets in Little Rock
Born on Jan 7
- 1611James Harrington: England, United Kingdom -- Political author (Commonwealth of Oceans)
- 1612Paul de La Pierre: Composer
- 1634Adam Krieger: German composer
- 1652Pavao Vitezovic: Croatia -- Writer / historian
- 1653Bernhard Albinus: Germany -- Court-physician (Frederick of Prussia)
- 1685Gerard George Clifford: Dutch Director of East India Company
- 1710Josef Antonin Sehling: Composer
- 1799Daniel Tyler: Brigadier General (Union volunteers), died in 1882
- 1808Jacob Ammen: Brigadier General (Union volunteers), died in 1894
- 1816Stephen Miller: Brigadier General (Union volunteers), died in 1881
- 1821Lucius Jeremiah Gartrell: Brigadier General (Confederate Army), died in 1891
- 1822Lucius C M Bakker: Frisian Physician / author (Goethe)
- 1824James Morrison Hawes: Brigadier General (Confederate Army), died in 1889
- 1830Samuel Emerson Opdycke: Bvt Major General (Union volunteers)
- 1830Albert Bierstadt: Germany -- Painter (US landscapes)
- 1842Johan Lindegren: Composer
- 1844Marie-Bernarde Soubirous [St Bernadette of Lourdes]: Saint / visionary
- 1845Louis III: Last King of Bavaria (1913-18)
- 1845Paul Deusen: German philosopher (Schopenhauer-Gesellschaft)
- 1853Nikolai Arkas: Composer
- 1860Emanuil Mandlov: Composer
- 1868Abraham M "Mark" Lidzbarski: Polish / German orientalist
- 1873Adolph Zukor: Hungary -- Movie producer / director / executive (Paramount)
- 1875Thomas Hicks: English / US marathon runner (1904 Olympics - Gold Medalist)
- 1876William Yeates Hurlstone: Composer
- 1877Johannes F Buziau: Dutch cabaret performer (1 great dog)
- 1879St Bernadette [Marie-Bernarde Soubirous]: Religious Visionary
- 1883Andrew Browne: Irish / British Admiral (WWII)
- 1890Henny Porten: Magdeburg, Germany -- Silent screen star (Deception)
- 1890Maurice E McLoughlin: Tennis champ (US Open-1912)
Died on Jan 7
- 0312Lucianus of Antioch: Theologist / saint
- 1130Baldricus Burgoliensis: French Historian / Archbishop, dies at about 83
- 1285Charles I of Anjou: King of Naples / bro of King Louis IX, dies at 58
- 1451Amadeus VIII: Last anti-pope Felix V (1439-49), dies at 67
- 1529Peter Vischer [the Old]: German Count of Sebaldus
- 1566Ludovicus Blosius [Louis de Blois "Dacrianus"]: Writer
- 1590Jacob Andreae: German Theologist (Formulae Concordiae), dies at 61
- 1591Jacobus de Kerle: French / Flemish composer, dies at about 59
- 1598Theodorus I [Fedor Ivanovitch]: Czar of Russia (1584-98), dies at 40
- 1655Innocentius X [Giambattista Pamfili]: Pope (1644-55), dies at 80
- 1678Johannes Flittner: Composer, dies at 59
- 1722Antoine Coypel: French Painter / poet, dies at 60
- 1736Ceslav Vanura: Composer, dies at 41
- 1755Gallus Zeiler: Composer, dies at 49
- 1758Allan Ramsay, Sr.: Scottish Poet (Gentle Shepherd), dies at 71
- 1790Antonio Corbisiero: Composer, dies at 69
- 1810Joseph Lipavsky: Composer, dies at 37
- 1833Ramon Felix Cuellar y Altarriba: Composer, dies at 55
- 1843Franz Schoberlechner: Composer, dies at 45
- 1858Willem Broes: Vicar / Theologist (Textenrol), dies at 91
- 1868William Batchelder Bradbury: Composer, dies at 51
- 1870Karl Schwencke: Composer, dies at 72
- 1890Augusta Maria L Katharina: Wife of German Emperor Wilhelm I, dies at 78
- 1890Hans Matthison-Hansen: Composer, dies at 82
- 1891Carl Gottfried Wilhelm Taubert: Composer, dies at 79
- 1892Tewfik Pasja: Viceroy of Egypt, dies at 39
- 1907Anton Urspruch: Composer, dies at 56
- 1921Benno Erdmann: German philosopher (Logik I), dies at 69
- 1922Antonio Scontrino: Composer, dies at 71
- 1929Henry Arthur Jones: English playwright (Silver King), dies at 77
Historical events on January 8
- 0624Moslem army occupies Kurashitische Caravan
- 0794Vikings attacked Lindisfarne Island
- 0871Battle at Ashdown: Ethelred of Wessex beats Danish invasion army
- 1198Lotario di Segni elected Pope Innocentius III
- 1214Earl Ferrand of Flanders drops ties with France
- 1499Louis XII of France after papal divorce marries Anne, Duchess of Brittany to keep duchy for the crown
- 1558French troops under Duke de Guise occupy Calais
- 1598Genoa Italy expels Jews
- 1598Jews are expelled from Genoa Italy
- 1656Oldest surviving commercial newspaper begins (Haarlem, Netherlands)
- 16751st American commercial corporation chartered (NY Fishing Co)
- 1716Dutch gang leader "Sjako" arrested
- 1745England, Austria, Netherlands and Saxon sign anti-Prussian Quadruple Alliance
- 1760Comet C / 1760 A1 (Great comet) approaches within 0.0682 AUs of Earth
- 1790George Washington delivers 1st state of union address (or Jan 4)
- 179811th Amendment ratified, judicial powers construed
- 1800Austrians defeat French in 2nd battle of Novi
- 1800Wild Boy of Aveyron discovered in southern France
- 1806Cape colony becomes English colony
- 1811Louisiana slave revolt by Charles Deslondes at German Coast
- 1815Battle of New Orleans-War of 1812 ended 12 / 24 / 1814 but nobody knew
- 1830Dutch King Willem I fires him displeasing parliament members
- 1833Boston Academy of Music, 1st US music school, established
- 18381st telegraph message sent using dots and dashes (NJ)
- 1838Rebellion at Amherstburg, Ontario breaks out
- 1842Dutch King Willem II charters Technical College Delft
- 1848Austrian soldiers kill 10 students, Pavia
- 18531st US bronze equestrian statue (of Andrew Jackson) unveiled, Washington
- 1856Dr John A Veatch discovers borax, Tuscan Springs, California
- 1865Sen Everett Dirksen introduces a bill to make marigold the National flower
Born on January 8
- 1081Henry V: Roman German King / Emperor (1098 / 1111-25)
- 1583Simon Episcopius: Dutch Bishop / theologist
- 1587Johannes Fabricius: Denmark -- Astronomer (discovered sunspots)
- 1589Ivan [Dzivo F] Gundulic: Dalmatisch writer (Dubravka)
- 1628Francois de Montmorency-Bouteville [duc de Luxemburg]: French soldier
- 1632Samuel Freiherr von Pufendorf: German jurist
- 1658Nicolas Coustou: French sculptor (Descente de Croix)
- 1668Jean Gilles: Composer
- 1767Abraham de Veer: Dutch Governor-General of Suriname (1822-28)
- 1777Filippo Traetta: Italy -- Composer / musicologist
- 1786Nicholas Biddle: Made 2nd bank of US 1st effective central bank
- 1787Johann Ludwig Bohner: Composer
- 1788Erik Drake: Composer
- 1791Jacob Collamer: (Sen-Vermont)
- 1792Lowell Mason: Medfield, Massachusetts -- Organist / composer (Zebulo)
- 1810Robert Schumann: Zwickau, Germany -- Composer (Neue Zeitschrift fuer Musik)
- 1812Sigismond Fortune Francois Thalberg: Composer
- 1812William Henry Holmes: Composer
- 1814Johannes Kneppelhout [Klikspaan]: Dutch humorist
- 1814Thomas Green: Brigadier General (Confederate Army), died in 1864
- 1815George Webb Morell: Major General (Union volunteers), died in 1883
- 1815Lawrence Pike Graham: Brigadier General (Union volunteers), died in 1905
- 1817John Selden Roane: Brigadier General (Confederate Army), died in 1867
- 1821James Longstreet: Confederate General (1st Corps, ANV)
- 1822Alfredo Carlo Piatti: Composer
- 1823Alfred Russel Wallace: British zoologist / co-discoverer (evolution)
- 1824Per August Olander: Composer
- 1824William Wilkie Collins: English Novelist (Woman in White)
- 1830Gouverneur Kemble Warren: Major General (Union volunteers), died in 1882
- 1836Fannie M Jackson: Pioneer and educator, 1st US Black woman college graduate
Died on January 8
- 0624Abu Sufjan ibn Harb: Kurashite chief, dies in battle
- 1198Coelestinus III [Giacinto Bobo]: Pope (1191-98)
- 1324Marco Polo: Venetian explorer / gov of Nanking
- 1336Giotto di Bondone: Italian Renaissance painter, dies at about 71
- 1455Laurentius Justitianus [Lorenzo Giustiniani]: Saint, dies at 73
- 1567Jacob Vaet: Flemish Composer / royal chaplain master, dies at about 37
- 1598Johan Georg: Elector of Brandenburg (1571-91), dies at 72
- 1642Galileo Galilei: Italian physicist / astronomer, dies at 77 in Italy
- 1651Giovanni Battista Gagliano: Composer, dies at 56
- 1696Michael de Ronghe: Composer, dies at 75
- 1711Philips van Almonde: Zealand Lieutenant Admiral, dies at 66
- 1775John Baskerville: English printer / type designer, dies at 68
- 1790John Stinstra: Dutch baptist vicar, dies at 81
- 1808Messenger: Horse that sired many great trotters
- 1811Friedrich Nicolai: Writer
- 1811Samuel Story: Dutch rear Admiral (Battle of Kamperduin), dies at 58
- 1815Edward Pakenham: Engl General (Battle of New Orleans), dies in battle
- 1819Christian Gottlob Saupe: Composer, dies at 55
- 1831Franz Vinzenz Krommer: Composer, dies at 71
- 1842Pierre: Earl the Cambronne, French General (Waterloo, Elba), dies at 71
- 1858Friedrich Karl Kuhmstedt: Composer, dies at 48
- 1859Antoine GB Schayes: Belgian Historian / archaeologist, dies at 50
- 1864Victor-Charles-Paul Dourlen: Composer, dies at 83
- 1891Fredrik Pacius: Composer, dies at 81
- 1892John Heykamp: Old-Catholic Archbishop of Utrecht, dies at 67
- 1894Pierre-Joseph van Beneden: Paleont (life of tapeworms), dies at 84
- 1907Theodoor Verstraete: Flemish Painter / etcher, dies at 57
- 1918Michael Hertz: Composer, dies at 73
- 1919Peter Altenberg: Writer, dies at 59
- 1921Luis Villalba Munoz: Composer, dies at 48
Events on Jan 9
- 1296Earl Floris V signs accord with French King
- 1317Phillips V, the Tall, crowned King of France
- 1349700 Jews of Basel Switzerland, burned alive in their houses
- 1428Pope Martinus V declares Jacoba van Beierens marriage invalid
- 14641st meeting of States-General of the Netherlands
- 14931st sight of manatees (by Christopher Columbus)
- 1522Adriaan F Boeyens elected only Dutch Pope (Adrian VI)
- 1558Geneva becomes independent from Berne canton, Switzerland
- 1570Tsar Ivan the terrible kills 1000-2000 residents of Novgorod
- 1718France declares war on Spain
- 1760Afghans defeat Marathas in battle of Barari Ghat
- 1788Connecticut becomes 5th state
- 1792Russia and Turkey sign Peace of Jassy
- 17931st hot-air balloon flight in the US lifts off in Philadelphia
- 1793Dutch Prince Willem V establishes 2 brigades Drive Artillery
- 1793Jean Pierre Blanchard makes 1st balloon flight in North America
- 1799Income Tax introduced in the UK
- 1812Swedish Pomerania (Germany) seized by Napoleon
- 1834HMS Beagle / Charles Darwin arrives in Port San Julian, Patagonia
- 1839Daguerrotype photo process announced at French Academy of Science
- 1839Thomas Henderson measures 1st stellar parallax (Alpha Centauri)
- 18471st SF newspaper published (California Star)
- 18481st commercial bank in SF established
- 1854Astor Library opens in New York City
- 1855Clipper Guiding Star disappears in Atlantic, 480 dies
- 18577.9 earthquake shakes Fort Tejon, California
- 18611st hostile act of Civil War; Star of West fired on, Sumter, South Carolina
- 1861Mississippi becomes 2nd state to secede
- 1866Fisk University establishes
- 1879Cheyenne prisoners led by Dull Knife revolt at Ft Robinson
Born on Jan 9
- 1554Gregory XV [Alessandro Ludovisi]: Pope (1621-23)
- 1574Christoph Buel: Composer
- 1620Johann Weichmann: Composer
- 1695John E Loovens: Lawyer
- 1699Robert J Pothier: French lawyer
- 1728Thomas Warton: Poet laureate of England (Pleasures of Melancholy)
- 1748Stefan Paluselli: Composer
- 1803Christopher Gustavus Memminger: Secy Treas (Confederacy) died in 1888
- 1816John Palmer Usher: Secy Int (Union) died in 1889
- 1820Pavel Krizkovsky: Composer
- 1822John Porter Hatch: Volunteers Bvt Major General (Union), died in 1901
- 1829Adolf von Schlagintweit: German explorer (Tarimbekken)
- 1829Thomas William Robertson: England, United Kingdom -- Playwright (Caste)
- 1832Esquire Maurits A de Savornin Lohman: Dutch Governor of Suriname
- 1839John Knowles Paine: Portland, Maine -- Composer
- 1843Christiaan A Ulder: Composer (waltzes / tumbas)
- 1851Giuseppi Gallignani: Composer
- 1856Anton Askerc: Slavic priest / poet (Primoz Trubar)
- 1856Lizette Woodworth Reese: US poet (Branch of May, Tears)
- 1856Stevan Mokranjac: Composer
- 1857Henry B Fuller: American writer (Under the Skylights)
- 1859Frederik Pijper: Dutch vicar / church historian (The Monasteries)
- 1866Albert Baertsoen: Flemish painter / etcher
- 1867Jacques Urlus: Dutch tenor (Opera of Leipzig, Song of the Earth)
- 1870Joseph B Strauss: Civil Engineer / builder (Golden Gate Bridge)
- 1876Hans Bethge: Writer
- 1879John Broadus Watson: Behaviorist psychologist
- 1881Giovanni Papini: Italy -- Writer (Il Diavolo)
- 1881Lascelles Abercrombie: English poet / critic (Revaluations)
- 1890Karel Capek: Czechoslovakia -- Writer (R U R); coined the word "robot"
Died on Jan 9
- 1499Johan Cicero: Elector of (Brandenburg, 1486-99), dies at 43
- 1514Anna de Bretagne: Wife of Maximilian, dies at 36
- 1677Aernout "Aert" van der Neer: Cartoonist / landscape painter, dies at 73
- 1679Werner Fabricius: Composer, dies at 45
- 1798Pedro Pablo Abarca d Bolea: Earl of Aranda, Spanish officer, dies at 79
- 1843Caroline Herschel: "1st lady of astronomy", dies at 98 in Germany
- 1849Jan Kops: Dutch agriculturist / vicar, dies at 83
- 1853Juan N Gallego: Spanish Poet / interpreter (El dos de Mayo), dies at 75
- 1854Filippo Traetta [Philip Trajetta]: Ital composer, dies at 77
- 1863Ferdinand Huber: Composer, dies at 71
- 1878Victor Emmanuel II: King of Sard (1849-61) / Italy (1861-78), dies at 57
- 1879Don Joaquin BF Espartero: Field Marshal / Viceroy of Navarra, dies at 86
- 1886Jakob Eduard Schmolzer: Composer, dies at 73
- 1893Mohara: Arab ivory / slave trader, dies in battle and is eaten
- 1902Gustaaf Rolin-Jaequemyns: Belgian lawyer / Interior minister, dies at 66
- 1908Abraham Goldfaden: US Yiddish stage performer (Shulamis), dies at 67
- 1908Wilhelm Busch: Writer
- 1911Edwin Arthur Jones: Composer, dies at 57
- 1927Houston S Chamberlain: British / German race theorist, dies at 71
- 1930Edward W Buck: Dutch / US editor (Ladies Home Journal), dies at 66
- 1931Claude Anet [Jean Schopfer]: French writer (La fille perdue)
- 1936John Gilbert: Actor (Love, Downstairs), dies at 40
- 1939Johann Strauss: Austrian conductor / Royal ball director, dies at 72
- 1941Ko Boezeman: Dutch resistance fighter
- 1943Robin G Collingwood: English philosopher (Roman Britain), dies at 53
- 1946Countee Cullen: US Poet (Black Christ, One Way to Heaven), dies at 42
- 1947Karl Mannheim: Sociologist (Diagnosis of Our Time), dies at 53
- 1947Lambertus Zijl: Sculptor (Merchant Exchange-Amsterdam), dies at 80
- 1949Amilcare Zanella: Composer, dies at 75
- 1953Hans Aanrud: Norwegian Author (Storken), dies at 89