Events on Mar 1
- 0293Roman Emperor Maximianus introduces tetrarchy
- 0492St. Felix III ends his reign as Catholic Pope
- 0492St. Gelasius I begins his reign as Catholic Pope
- 0705John VII begins his reign as Catholic Pope
- 0743Slave export by Christians to heathen areas prohibited
- 0918Balderik becomes Bishop of Utrecht
- 1260Hulagu Khan, grandson of Genghis, conquerors Damascus
- 1382French Maillotin uprises against taxes
- 1420Pope Martinus I calls for crusade against the hussieten
- 1434Jacoba of Bavaria marries Frank van Borselen
- 1562Blood bath at Vassy: General de Guise allows 1200 huguenots murder
- 1591Pope Gregory XIV threatens to excommunicate French King Henri IV
- 1634Battle at Smolensk: Polish King Wladyslaw IV beats Russians
- 1642Georgeana (York) Maine became the 1st incorporated American city
- 1692Sarah Goode, Sarah Osborne, and Tituba arrest for witchcraft (Salem, Massachusetts)
- 1711"The Spectator" begins publishing (London)
- 1780Penn becomes 1st US state to abolish slavery (for new-borns only)
- 1781Continental Congress adopts Articles of Confederation
- 1784E Kidner opens 1st cooking school, in Great Britain
- 1785Philadelphia Society for the Promotion of Agriculture organized
- 17901st US census authorized
- 1792US Presidential Succession Act passed
- 17961st National Meeting in the Hague
- 1803Ohio becomes 17th state
- 1809Embargo Act of 1807 repealed and Non-Intercourse Act signed
- 1811Egyptian King Muhammad Ali Pasha oversees ceremonial murder of 500
- 1815Sunday observance in the Netherlands regulated by law
- 1845President Tyler signs a resolution annexing the Republic of Texas
- 1847Michigan becomes 1st English-speaking jurisdiction to abolish the death penalty (except for treason against the state)
- 1854SS City of Glasgow leaves Liverpool harbor and is never seen again
Born on Mar 1
- 0772Po Tjiu-i: Chinese poet / Governor of Hang-tsjow
- 1456Wladyslaw Jagiello: King of Bohemia / Hungary (1471 / 90-1516)
- 1494Il Bacchiacca [Franceso Ubertini]: Italian painter
- 1528Albrecht V von Wittelsbach [the Generous]: Duke of Bavaria
- 1607Giovanni Francesco Milanta: Composer
- 1610Johann B Schup [Schuppius]: German poet / historian
- 1630Ferdinand van Apshoven de Jongere: Flemish painter, baptized
- 1690Conrad Johann Conrad Beissel: Composer
- 1703Dieudonne Raick: Composer
- 1709Josef Antonin Gurecky: Composer
- 1711Peregrinus Pogl: Composer
- 1734Pieter Valck[x]: Netherlands -- Sculptor
- 1771Armand-Emmanuel Trial: Composer
- 1779Jacob Gottfried Weber: Composer
- 1788Gheorghe Asachi: Romania -- Writer / humanist / politician
- 1799Alexey Nikolayevich Verstovsky: Composer
- 1811Robert Christie Buchanan: Bvt Major General (Union Army), died in 1878
- 1820George Davis: Attorney General (Confederacy), died in 1896
- 1820Richard Redhead: Composer
- 1822Albin Francisco Schoepf: Brigadier General (Union volunteers), died in 1886
- 1822Charles Champion Gilbert: Brigadier General (Union volunteers)
- 1826John Thomas: Composer
- 1828James Fleming Fagan: Major General (Confederate Army), died in 1893
- 1828Vittorio Bersezio [Carlo Nugelli]: Italian playwright
- 1831Hiram Bronson Granbury: Brigadier General (Confederate Army), died in 1864
- 1832Friedrich Grutzmacher: Composer
- 1835Matthias J Scheeben: German theologist (Natur und Gnade)
- 1837Ion Creanga: Romanian fairy tale author (Amintiti the Copilarie)
- 1837William Dean Howells: United States -- Novelist / critic / editor (Atlantic)
- 1841Blanche Kelso Bruce: Virginia, United States -- (Sen-Miss, 1875-1881)
Died on Mar 1
- 0965Leo VIII: Italian (anti-)Pope (963-65)
- 1131Stephen II: King of Hungary (1116-31)
- 1535Bernardo Accolti [Unico Aretino]: Italian writer (Virginia)
- 1619Thomas Campion: English Physician / Composer / Poet (Poemata), dies at 53
- 1633George Herbert: English poet, dies at 39
- 1643Girolamo Frescobaldi: Italian Composer / organist, dies at 59
- 1693Benedict Schultheiss: Composer, dies at 39
- 1771Isfrid Kayser: Composer, dies at 58
- 1773Jan Wagenaar: Dutch historian, dies at 63
- 1773Luigi Vanvitelli [Louis van Wittel]: Italian architect, dies at 72
- 1777Georg Christoph Wagenzeil: Austria (court)composer / pianist, dies at 62
- 1788Orazio Mei: Composer, dies at 56
- 1797Juan Manuel Olivares: Composer, dies at 36
- 1804Wolfgang Nicolaus Haueisen: Composer, dies at 63
- 1817Luigi Gatti: Composer, dies at 77
- 1826J J Friedrich Weinbrenner: German Architect / archaeologist, dies at 59
- 1859Josef Theodor Krov: Composer, dies at 61
- 1865Anna Paulowna Romanova: Great Monarch of Russia, dies at 70
- 1869Alphonse MLP de Lamartine: Fr Poet (History of Girondins), dies at 78
- 1892Archibald Scott: Scottish chemist, dies at 60
- 1896Albertone: Italian General (Eritrea), dies in battle
- 1896Arimondi: Italian General (Eritrea), dies in battle
- 1914Tor Bernhard Vilhelm Aulin: Composer, dies at 47
- 1918Johan Gustaf Emil Sjogren: Composer, dies at 64
- 1920Joseph Trumpeldor: Killed defending Tel-Mai against arab attack
- 1921Nicholas Petrovic Njegos: King of Montenegro (1910-18), dies at 79
- 1924Louise MA: Princess of Belgium, dies at 66
- 1928Albert Herbert Brewer: Composer, dies at 62
- 1928Jacob Adolf Hagg: Composer, dies at 77
- 1932Dino Campana: Italian Poet (Canti Orfici), dies at 46
Historical events on March 2
- 0871Battle at Marton: Ethelred van Wessex beats Danish invasion army
- 1121Dirk VI becomes Count of Holland
- 1458Hussite George van Podiebrad chosen King of Bohemia
- 1629English King Charles I leaces house of commons
- 1675Prince William III installed as Governor of Overijssel
- 1776Americans begin shelling British troops in Boston
- 1789Pennsylvania ends prohibition of theatrical performances
- 1799Congress standardizes US Weights & Measures
- 1807Congress bans slave trade effective January 1, 1808
- 18171st Evangelical church building dedicated, New Berlin, Penn
- 1819Territory of Arkansas organized
- 1819US passed its 1st immigration law
- 1824Interstate commerce comes under federal control
- 18251st grand opera in US sung in English, New York City
- 1829New England Asylum for the Blind, 1st in US, incorporated, Boston
- 1831John Frazee becomes 1st US Sculptor to receive a federal commission
- 1836Republic of Texas declares independence from Mexico
- 1853Territory of Washington organized after separating from Oregon Ter
- 1855Aleksandr Romanov becomes tsar of Russia
- 1858Frederick Cook, New Orleans, patents a cotton-bale metallic tie
- 1861Government Printing Office purchases 1st printing plant, Washington
- 1861US creates Dakota and Nevada Territories out of the Nebraska and Utah ter
- 1865British newspaper "Morning Chronicle" begins publishing
- 18661st US company to make sewing needles by machine incorporated, Conn
- 18671st Reconstruction act passed by Congress
- 1867Congress abolishes peonage in New Mexico
- 1867Congress created the Department of Education
- 1867Congress passed the 1st Reconstruction Act
- 1867Jesse James-gang robs bank in Savannah Missouri, 1 dead
- 1867US Congress creates the Department of Education
Born on March 2
- 1316Robert II [the Steward]: King of Scotland (1371-90)
- 1459Adrian VI [Adriaan F Boeyens]: Netherlands -- Pope (1522-23)
- 1481Franz von Sickingen: German knight
- 1545Thomas Bodley: England, United Kingdom -- Diplomat / Scholar
- 1555Ludovico Spontoni: Composer
- 1755Antoine-Frederic Gresnick: Composer
- 1759Johann Christian Friedrich Haeffner: Composer
- 1760Camille Desmoulins: France -- Journalist / pamphleteer / revolution leader
- 1769DeWitt Clinton: (Gov / Sen-New York)
- 1793Samuel Houston: 1st President of Texas (1836-38, 1841-44)
- 1810Leo XIII [Vincenzo G Pecci]: 256th Pope (1878-1903)
- 1813George Alexander Macfarren: Composer
- 1815Antonio Buzzolla: Composer
- 1820Multatuli: Writer
- 1824Bedrich Friedrich Smetana: Bohemian composer (Bartered Bride, Moldau)
- 1824Henry Beebee Carrington: Brigadier General (Union volunteers), died in 1912
- 1828Jefferson Columbus Davis: Bvt Major General (Union Army), died in 1879
- 1829Carl Schurz: Major General (Union volunteers)journalist
- 1838David Duffle Wood: Composer
- 1844Hermanus J A M Schaepman: Clergyman / Dutch politician
- 1862John Jay Chapman: US advocate / poet / writer (Learning & Other Essays)
- 1875Hans Lietzman: German theologist / church historian
- 1876Pius XII [Euhenio MGG Pacelli]: 260th Pope (1939-58)
- 1878Wander J de Haas: Dutch physicist / son-in-law of Lorentz
- 1882Wallis Clark: Essex, England -- Actress (Postal Inspector)
- 1884Leon Jongen: Composer
- 1893Maxime Dumoulin: Composer
- 1894Renaat Veremans: Flemish composer / conductor
- 1895Felix Bressart: Germany -- Actor (Ninotchka, Escape, Crossroads)
- 1899Pattie Maie Menzies: Australian dame
Died on March 2
- 0986Lotharius: King of France (954-86), dies at 44
- 1122Floris II [the Fat one]: Count of Holland
- 1127Charles [the Good]: Count of Vlanderen, murdered
- 1333Wladyslaw IV [the Short One / Great]: Duke / King of Poland
- 1619Anne of Denmark: Daughter of Danish King Frederik II, dies at 44
- 1758Johann Baptist Zimmermann: German stucco worker, buried at 78
- 1772Robert J Pothier: French lawyer, dies at 73
- 1787Jean SOME Allamand: French Theologist / natural philosopher, dies at 73
- 1797Horace [Horatio] Walpole: British horror writer, dies at 79
- 1800Christian Friedrich Schale: Composer, dies at 86
- 1822Christian Friedrich Hermann Uber: Composer, dies at 40
- 1840Heinrich Olbers: German astronomer (comets and asteroids), dies at 81
- 1855Nicholas I Pavlovitch: Tsar of Russia (1825-55), dies at 58
- 1862Frederick West Lander: US Union Brigadier General / poet, dies at 40
- 1867French A Durlet: Belgian Sculptor / architect, dies at 50
- 1868Carl Eberwein: Composer, dies at 81
- 1882Louis Kufferath: Composer, dies at 70
- 1887August W Eichler: German botanist, dies at 47
- 1887Wilhelm Troszel: Composer, dies at 63
- 1895Berthe MP Morisot: French Painter / aquarelliste, dies at 54
- 1895Ismail Pasha: Kedive of Egypt (1863-79), dies at 64
- 1916Elisabeth OL [Carmen Sylva]: Queen of Romania, dies at 72
- 1937Gustav Wohlgemuth: Composer, dies at 73
- 1939Howard Carter: British archaeologist / Egyptologist (King Tut), dies at 65
- 1943Alexandre Yersin: Swiss bacteriologist (bacteria plague), dies at 79
- 1957Harry E Soref: Inventor (padlock), dies at 70
- 1967Gordon Harker: Actor (Inspector Hornleigh), dies at 81
- 1971Charles W Engelhard: US silver multi-millionaire, dies at 54
- 1972Bill Lawrence: News anchor (ABC), dies at 56
- 1973Cleo Noel: US ambassador to Sudan, assassinated
Events on Mar 3
- 0078Origin of Saka Era (India)
- 0468St. Simplicius elected to succeed Catholic Pope Hilarius
- 0493Ostrogoten King Theodorik the Great beats Odoaker
- 1409Austrian civil war ends
- 1431Bishop Gabriele Condulmer elected as Pope Eugene IV
- 1627Piet Heyn conquerors 22 ships in Bay of Salvador Brazil
- 16341st tavern in Boston opens (Samuel Cole)
- 1638Duke Bernard van Saksen-Weimar occupies Rheinfelden
- 1776US commodore Esek Hopkins occupies Nassau Bahamas
- 17911st internal revenue act (taxing distilled spirits & carriages)
- 1791Congress establishes US Mint
- 1794Richard Allen founded AME Church
- 18011st US Jewish governor, David Emanuel, takes office in Georgia
- 18031st impeachment trial of a federal judge, John Pickering, begins
- 1805Louisiana-Missouri Territory forms
- 1812US passes 1st foreign aid bill (aids Venezuela earthquake vicitims)
- 1813Office of Surgeon General of the US Army forms
- 1815US declares war on Algiers for taking US prisoners and demanding tribute
- 1817Mississippi Territory is divided into Alabama Territory and Mississippi
- 1820Missouri Compromise passes, allowing slavery in Missouri
- 1835Congress authorizes a US mint at New Orleans, Louisiana
- 1837Congress increases Supreme Court membership from 7 to 9
- 1837US President Andrew Jackson and Congress recognizes Republic of Texas
- 1838Rebellion at Pelee Island, Ontario Canada
- 18421st US child labor law regulating working hours passed (Mass)
- 1843Congress appropriates $30,000 "to test the practicability of establishing a system of electro-magnetic telegraphs" by the US
- 18451st time, US Senate overrides presidential (Tyler) veto
- 1845Congress authorizes ocean mail contracts for foreign mail delivery
- 1845Florida becomes 27th state
- 1847Post Office Department authorized to issue postage stamps
Born on Mar 3
- 1500Reginald Pole: English Cardinal / "heretic"
- 1583Edward Herbert of Cherbury: English military / philosopher
- 1589Gisbertus Voetius [Gijsbert Voet]: Dutch reformed theologist
- 1606Edmund Waller: England, United Kingdom -- Poet (Penshust)
- 1652Thomas Otway: England, United Kingdom -- Playwright / poet (Venice Preserved)
- 1705Michael Schevenstuhl: Composer
- 1747Kasamir Pulaski: US General (Revolutionary War)
- 1756William Godwin: Philosopher / political writer (Caleb Williams)
- 1793Ch Sealsfield: Writer
- 1809Sophia Hawthorne: Writer
- 1811Vissarion Belinsky: Sveaborg, Finland -- Russian author (Literary Review)
- 1814Charles Kensington Salaman: Composer
- 1820Eduard Douwes Dekker [Multatuli]: Dutch writer (Max Havelaar)
- 1828Karl Collan: Composer
- 1838George W Hill: US astronomer (Moon orbit)
- 1841John Murray: Canadian Oceanographer (Depths of the Ocean)
- 1845Georg Cantor: German mathematician (discover transfinite numbers)
- 1849Jacques Oppenheim: Dutch lawyer
- 1857Alfred Bruneau: Composer
- 1865Alexander Gustav Adolfovich Winkler: Composer
- 1867Gustav Strube: Composer
- 1868Alain [Emile-Auguste Chartier]: French philosopher / writer
- 1869Henry J Wood: English conductor (Gentle Art of Singing, Proms)
- 1872Wee Willie Keeler: Outfielder (Baltimore Orioles); hit .432 in 1897
- 1873William Green: President of American Federation of Labor (1924-52)
- 1877Garrett Morgan: African-American inventor
- 1880Anne C Veth: Dutch cartoonist / art critic
- 1882Floris H L Prims: Flemish priest / historian / archivist of Antwerp
- 1886James Friskin: Composer
- 1886Reginald Owen Morris: Composer
Died on Mar 3
- 0561Pelagius I: Italian Pope (547-51, 556-61)
- 1191Saladin [Salah ad-Din]) Yusuf: Sultan of Egypt / Syria, dies at 52
- 1459Ausias March: Catalan poet
- 1554Johan F de Greatmoedige: Ruler of Saxon
- 1554Johan Frederik [the Generous]: Elector of Saxon (1532-47), dies at 50
- 1580Jacob Hillebrand: Dutch Mayor of Groningen
- 1703Robert Hooke: Scientific genius, dies in London
- 1706Johann Pachelbel: Organist / Composer (Sterbens-Gedancken), dies at 52
- 1717Pierre Allix: French / British Theologist / vicar, dies at about 75
- 1766Gregor Joseph Werner: Composer, dies at 73
- 1768Nicola Antonio Porpora: Composer, dies at 81
- 1792Robert Adam: Scottish Architect (Syon House, Middlesex), dies at 63
- 1800Johann Baptist Christoph Toeschi: Composer, dies at 64
- 1822Franz Adam Veichtner: Composer, dies at 81
- 1824Giovanni Battista Viotti: Italian violist / composer, dies at 70
- 1848Heinrich Olivier: German painter
- 1864Ulric Dahlgren: Union Colonel, dies in battle at 21
- 1889Edward Sydney Smith: Composer, dies at 49
- 1902Isaac D France van de Putte: Dutch Premier (1866), dies at 79
- 1921Petrus Cuypers: Architect (Amsterdam museum), dies at 93
- 1926Cyril Metodej Hrazdira: Composer, dies at 58
- 1928Jan [Jean] T Toorop: Dutch graphic artist (3 Brides), dies at 69
- 1941Constant W L Scheurleer: Archaeologist / banker / art expert, dies at 59
- 1941Ernst Cahn: Owner of Amsterdam Koco ice cream parlor, executed
- 1942Amedeo: Duke of Aosta, Viceroy (Ethiopia), dies at 43
- 1945Arthur Vanderpoorten: Flemish Internal Minister (1940), dies at 61
- 1945Koos Speenhoff: Dutch singer, killed in bombing raid at 75
- 1956Willem H Keesom: Dutch physicist (Helium I / II), dies at 79
- 1959Lou Costello: Comedian (Abbott & Costello), dies at 52
- 1960Sammy White: Actor (711 Ocean Drive, Sound Off), dies at 65