Events on Apr 5

• 0823Pope Peschalis I crowns Lotharius I, co-Emperor of France
• 1058Bishop John "Minchio, " [domkop] elected as Pope Benedictus X
• 1242Alexander Nevsky of Novgorod defeats Teutonic Knights
• 1242Battle on the More of Pskov Estonia
• 1566200 Brussel nobles offer Margaretha of Parma a petition
• 1585Clemens Crabbeels becomes Bishop of Hertogenbosch
• 1603New English King James I departs Edinburgh for London
• 16142nd parliament of King James I begin session (no enactments)
• 1614Indian Princess Pocahontas marries English colonist John Rolfe
• 1621Mayflower sails from Plymouth on a return trip to England
• 1722Jacob Roggeveen discovers Easter Island
• 1739French Emperor Karel VI sign secret treaty
• 1751Adolf Frederik of Holstein-Gottorp crowns himself King of Sweden
• 1753British Museum forms (opens in 1759)
• 1762British take Grenada, West Indies, from French
• 17681st US Chamber of Commerce forms (NYC)
• 1792George Washington casts 1st presidential veto
• 1806Isaac Quintard patents apple cider
• 1812Brits storm Badajoz fortress, held by French and Spanish
• 1815Eruption of Tambora volcano (Sumbawa Java)
• 1847Opera "Die Fledermaus" is produced (Vienna)
• 1861Federals abandon Ft Quitman, Texas
• 1862Siege of Yorktown, Virginia
• 1865Battle at Amelia Springs / Jetersville Va (Appomattox Campaign)
• 1874"Die Fledermaus" 1st performed (Vienna)
• 1881Transvaal regains independence under British suzerainty
• 1887Anne Sullivan teaches "water" to Helen Keller
• 1893Cleveland passes Park Act (forerunner of Metroparks)
• 189411 strikers killed in riot at Connellsville, Penn
• 1895Oscar Wilde loses libel case against Marquess of Queensberry, who accused him of homosexual practices

Born on Apr 5

• 1588Thomas Hobbes: England, United Kingdom -- Philosopher (Leviathan)
• 1595John Wilson: Composer
• 1598Laurentius Erhard: Composer
• 1626Jan van Kessel: Flemish painter
• 1643Charles V Leopold: Duke of Lorraine / Field Marshal in Austria
• 1649Elihu Yale: England, United Kingdom -- Philanthropist founded Yale
• 1698Georg Gottfried Wagner: Composer
• 1725Giacomo Casanova: Italian writer / philanderer / adventurer (uncertain)
• 1727Pasquale Ankossi: Composer
• 1784Louis [Ludwig] Spohr: Germany -- Violin virtuoso / composer (Faust)
• 1788Franz Pforr: German painter / cartoonist (Lukasbund)
• 1795Henry Havelock: British soldier (War in Afghanistan 1838-39)
• 1799Vincenzo Fioravanti: Composer
• 1818Lewis Baldwin Parsons: Bvt Major General (Union volunteers)
• 1822James Nagle: Brigadier General (Union volunteers), died in 1866
• 1824Sydney Thompson Dobell: Poet (Roman)
• 1825David Rumph "Neighbor" Jones: Major General (Confederate Army)
• 1827Joseph Lister: England, United Kingdom -- Physician (founded aseptic surgery)
• 1828Pietro Plantania: Composer
• 1830Alexander Muir: Lesmahagow, Scotland -- Poet (Maple Leaf Forever)
• 1832Jules-Francois Camille Ferry: French Statesman
• 1837Algernon Charles Swinburne: England, United Kingdom -- Poet (Atalanta in Calydon)
• 1838Alpheus Hyatt: United States -- Invertebrate paleontologist
• 1839Robert Smalls: Beaufort, South Carolina -- Black congressman 1875-87 (Rep-SC)
• 1839Stanislaw Pilinski: Composer
• 1845Jules M Cambon: French Governor-General of Algeria / ambassador
• 1853Alfonso Randano: Composer
• 1854Vicente Goicoechea Errasti: Composer
• 1856Booker Taliaferro Washington: Pioneer educator (1st black on US stamp)
• 1857Alexander-Jozef von Battenberg: Ruler of Bulgaria (1879-86)

Died on Apr 5

• 0828Nicephorus: Patriarch of Constantinopel (806-15), dies at about 77
• 1258Julian of Cornillon / Liege: Flemish visionary / saint
• 1270Ramban Nachmanides: Talmudic Scholar (Hiddushei Ha-Ramden)
• 1531Richard Roose: Boiled to death for trying to poison an Archbishop
• 1673Francois Caron: Admiral / Governor (Formosa), drowns at about 72
• 1684William Brouncker: 2nd viscount / 1st President of Royal Society
• 1695George Savile: 1st Marquis of Halifax, dies at 61
• 1697Charles XI: King of Sweden (1660-97), dies at 41
• 1712John Luyken: Poet / etcher (species company), dies at 63
• 1723J Fischer von Erlach: Austrian Architect (Hofburg, Vienna), dies at 66
• 1732Johann Christian Schieferdecker: Composer, dies at 52
• 1765Edward Young: English Poet (Love of Fame), dies at 81
• 1794Georges-Jacques Danton: French revolutionary leader, guillotined at 34
• 1811Robert Raikes: Founder of Sunday Schools
• 1820Henrik C Cras: Lawyer (Laudatio Hugonis Grotii), dies at 81
• 1871Georg Andreas Henkel: Composer, dies at 66
• 1878Wilhelm Speyer: Composer, dies at 87
• 1896John Rogers Thomas: Composer, dies at 66
• 1900Comte de Villebois-Marevil: French / South African General, dies in battle
• 1907Anton G van Hamel: Founder (Roman philosphy in Netherlands), dies at 65
• 1908Gaetano Coronaro: Composer, dies at 55
• 1918Paul Vidal de la Blanche: French geographer, dies at 73
• 1921Alphonsus J M Diepenbrock: Dutch Composer (Missa), dies at 58
• 1922Charles F A Woeste: Belgian count / Minister of Justice, dies at 85
• 1928Jane Ellen Harrison: Scholar / archaeologist
• 1934Salvatore Di Giacomo: Composer, dies at 74
• 1935Emil Mlynarski: Composer, dies at 64
• 1944Isolde Kurz: German writer / poetess (Meine Mutter), dies at 90
• 1944Willy Derby [Dieben]: Singer (Hello Bandoeng)
• 1945Huldreich Georg Fruh: Composer, dies at 41

Historical events on April 6

• 0402Battle at Pollentia: Roman army under Stilicho beats Visigoten
• 0610Lailat-ul Qadar, night koran descended to Earth
• 0774Charles the Great affirms Pippins promise of Quiercy
• 1106Fire in Venice
• 1327Italian Poet Petrarch 1st sets eyes on his beloved Laura
• 1362Robber bastion Tard-Venus strikes at Brignais France
• 1634Heeren XIX asks "to secure Eylands Curacao"
• 1652Cape Colony, the 1st European settlement in South Africa, established
• 1652John of Riebeeck lands / establishes VOC-post in Cape Town
• 1663King Charles II signs Carolina Charter
• 1664France and Saksen sign alliance
• 1672France declares war on Netherlands
• 1722Peter the Great ends tax on men with beards
• 1724Duke of Newcastle becomes English Minister of Foreign Affairs
• 1727Denmark signs Covenant of Hannover
• 1757English King George II fires Minister William Pitt Sr
• 17891st US Congress begins regular sessions, Federal Hall, New York City
• 1830Joseph Smith and 5 others organizes Mormon church in Seneca Co, New York
• 1841Cornerstone laid for 2nd Mormon temple, Nauvoo, Missouri
• 1848Jews of Prussia granted equality
• 1862Battle of Shiloh, Union defeats Confederacy in SW Tennessee
• 1866G.A.R. forms
• 1868Brigham Young marries his 27th and final wife
• 18691st plastic, Celluloid, patented
• 1883Start of Sherlock Holmes "Adventure of Speckled Band" (BG)
• 1886City of Vancouver BC incorporated
• 1886Declaration of Berlin neutralizes Tonga
• 1889George Eastman places Kodak Camera on sale for 1st time
• 1890French troops under Captain Archinard occupy Segu, West-Sudan
• 1893Andy Bowen and Jack Burke box 7 hours 19 minutes to no decision (111 rounds)

Born on April 6

• 1483Raphael Sanzio: Italian painter / master builder (Madonna Sistina)
• 1631Vincenzo De Grandis: Composer
• 1660Johann Kuhnau: Composer
• 1671Jean-Baptiste Rousseau: French playwright / poet (Sacred Odes & Songs)
• 1672Andre Cardinal Destouches: Composer
• 1708George Reuter: Composer
• 1752Johann Friedrich Kranz: Composer
• 1757Alessandro Rolla: Composer
• 1773James Mill: Scotland, United Kingdom -- Philosopher / historian (Hist of British India)
• 1778Joseph Funk: Composer
• 1810Philip Gosse: Intentor of institutional aquarium, writer (Omphalos)
• 1812Aaron Bernstein: Writer
• 1812Gavril Yakimovich Lomakin: Composer
• 1815Friedrich Robert Volkmann: Composer
• 1818Francis Henry Brown: Composer
• 1819Johann A H Scheler: Belgian librarian
• 1823Joseph Medill: St. John, New Brunswick -- Newspaper editor (Chicago Tribune)
• 1826Gustave Moreau: French painter
• 1828Charles William Field: Major General (Confederate Army), died in 1892
• 1830James Augustine Healy: Macon, Georgia -- 1st black Roman Catholic Bishop
• 1833Johan H C Kern: Dutch linguist (Sanskrit, Old Javan)
• 1835Jose Marraco y Ferrer: Composer
• 1844Joseph Ludwig: Composer
• 1866Joseph Lincoln Steffens: Muckraker / journalist (Shame of the Cities)
• 1869Louis Raemakers: Dutch draftsman / painter
• 1878Carl Emil Theodor Ehrenberg: Composer
• 1883Mien Labberton: Dutch poetress
• 1884Walter Huston: Toronto, Ontario -- Actor (Maltese Falcon, Treasure of Sierra Madre)
• 1885Carlos Leon Salzedo: Composer
• 1888Daniel Andersson: Swedish poet / writer (Svarta Ballader)

Died on April 6

• 0885Methodius: Greek apostle of the slaves / Archbishop of Sirmium
• 0912Nottker "the Stamelaar": Benedictine Monk / poet, dies at about 71
• 1199Richard I [the Lion-hearted]: King of England (1189-99), dies at 41
• 1252Peter of Verona [Peter Martyr]: Italian inquisitor / st, dies at 45
• 1362Jacques de Bourbon: Count of Marche, killed in battle
• 1472Pieter Bladelin: Belgium -- Land owner (Middelburg castle)
• 1489Hans Waldmann: Swiss military / mayor (Zurich), beheaded
• 1490Matthias Corvinus: King of Hungary
• 1520Raphael [Sanzio]: Artist (Sistine Madonna), dies on his 37th birthday
• 1551Joachim Vadianus: Swiss Physician / Mayor of Sankt Gallen, dies at 66
• 1590Francis Walsingham: English Secretary of State, dies at about 57
• 1593Henry Barrow: English puritian / Congressionalist, hanged
• 1593John Greenwood: English Congressionalist, hanged
• 1605John Stow: British historian
• 1779Tommaso MFS Traetta: Italian opera Composer (Farnace), dies at 52
• 1782Rynoldus Popma van Oevering: Composer, dies at 90
• 1805Lorenz Justinian Ott: Composer, dies at 56
• 1817Bonaventura Furlanetto: Composer, dies at 78
• 1822Franz Xaver Partsch: Composer, dies at 62
• 1829Niels H Able: Norwegian Mathematician (infinite series), dies at 26
• 1838Jose B de Andrada e Silva: Premier of Brazil (1822-23), dies at 74
• 1854William Strickland: US architect
• 1862Adley Hogan Gladden: Confederate Brigadier General, dies in battle at 51
• 1862Albert Sidney Johnston: US Confederate General, dies in battle at 59
• 1865John Austin Wharton: US Confederate General Major, dies at 36
• 1865Reuben B Boston: US Confederate cavalery Colonel, dies in battle
• 1884Emanuel Geibel: Writer, dies at 68
• 1906Alexander L Kielland: Norwegian writer (Working People), dies at 57
• 1913Jose Marraco y Ferrer: Composer, dies on 78th birthday
• 1919Stefan Surzynski: Composer, dies at 63

Events on Apr 7

• 1118Pope Gelasius II excommunicated Henry V, Holy Roman Emperor
• 1348Prague University, 1st university in central Europe, formed by Charles IV
• 1456Louis van Burbon becomes prince-bishop of Luik
• 1509France declares war on Venice
• 1521Inquisitor-General Adrian Boeyens bans Lutheran books
• 1584Ieper surrenders to Duke Van Parma
• 1625Albrecht von Wallenstein appointed German Supreme Commander
• 1645Michael Cardozo becomes 1st Jewish lawyer in Brazil
• 1652Dutch establish settlement at Cape Town, South Africa
• 1655Fabio Chigi replaces Pope Innocent X as Alexander VII
• 17881st settlement in Ohio, at Marietta
• 1798Mississippi Territory organized
• 1818Gen Andrew Jackson conquers St. Marks, Florida from Seminole indians
• 1827English chemist John Walker invents wooden matches
• 1831Dom Pedro abdicates to son, Dom Pedro II crowned Emperor of Brazil
• 1860Grand Duke Frederik I liberalizes laws in Bathe
• 1862Grant defeats Confederates at Battle of Shiloh, Tenn, Island #10 falls
• 1863Battle of Charleston SC, failed Federal fleet attack on Fort Sumter
• 1865Battle of Farmville, Virginia
• 1888Start of Sherlock Holmes adventure "Yellow Face" (BG)
• 1891Nebraska introduces 8 hour work day
• 1901SDAP demands general voting right / abolishing First Chamber
• 1902Texas Oil Company (Texaco) forms
• 1906Act of Algeciras drawn between Moroccan police and banking business
• 19191st parcel of land is purchased for Cleveland Metroparks
• 1922Naval Reserve #3, "Teapot Dome, " leased to Harry F Sinclair
• 19231st brain tumor operation under local anesthetic performed (Beth Israel Hospital in NYC) by Dr K Winfield Ney
• 1923Workers Party of America (NYC) becomes official communist party
• 1926Forest fire burns 900 acres and kills 2 (San Luis Obispo, California)
• 1927Using phone lines TV is sent from Washington DC to New York City

Born on Apr 7

• 1506Francis Xavier: Saint / Jesuit Missionary to India, Malaya and Japan
• 1534Jose de Anchieta: Spanish Jesuit / Missionary (Brazilian Tupi-Indians)
• 1613Gerard Dou: Dutch painter (Night School)
• 1622Louise Hollandine: Daughter of King Frederik V and Elizabeth Stuart
• 1648Ferdinand van Kessel: Flemish painter
• 1694Coelestin Praelisauer: Composer
• 1699Andreas Benedikt Praelisauer: Composer
• 1727Henri Hardouin: Composer
• 1745Georg Druschetzky: Composer
• 1748Georg Wenzel Ritter: Composer
• 1756Charles Felix: King of Sardina (1821-31)
• 1763Domenico Dragonetti: Composer
• 1768Karl Theodor Toeschi: Composer
• 1770William Wordsworth: England, United Kingdom -- Poet laureate (Prelude)
• 1772F M Charles Fourier: French socialist
• 1775Francis C Lowell: Founded 1st raw cotton-to-cloth textile mill
• 1780William Ellery Channing: United States -- Unitarian clergyman
• 1786William Rufus DeVane King: (D) 13th VP (1853)
• 1801Henry Eagle: Commander (Union Navy), died in 1882
• 1803Flora Tristan: Writer
• 1805Francis Wilkinson Pickens: Governor of South Carolina (Confederacy) died in 1869
• 1819Hubert Leonard: Composer
• 1822Gershom Mott: Major General (Union volunteers)
• 1826Johann Hermann Berens: Composer
• 1841Alfred Cogniaux: Belgian botanicus
• 1841Joseph H "Jozef" Neuhuys: Painter
• 1847J P Jacobsen: Writer
• 1851Otto Adolf Klauwell: Composer
• 1858Adrien H Gerhard: Dutch socialist politician (SDAP)
• 1859Walter Camp: Connecticut, United States -- Father of American football (Yale)

Died on Apr 7

• 0030Christ: Crucified, according to astronomer Schaefer
• 0924Berengarius I: Emperor of Italy, murdered
• 1444John Capreolus: French Theologist (Libri IV), dies at about 50
• 1524Philip of Burgundy: Bishop of Utrecht
• 1614El Greco: Spanish Painter (View of Toledo)
• 1719Jean-Baptiste de la Salle: French priest / theory / saint, dies at 67
• 1766Tiberius Hemsterhuis: Dutch classicist, dies at 81
• 1767Franz Sparry: Composer, dies at 51
• 1768Michel Mathieu: Composer, dies at 78
• 1778Johann Balthasar Kehl: Composer, dies at 52
• 1783Ignaz Jakob Holzbauer: Composer, dies at 71
• 1789Peter Camper: Anatomist / animal scholar, dies at 66
• 1810Pieter L van de Kasteele: Dutch politician / patriot, dies at 61
• 1833Antoni Henryk Radziwill: Lithuanian / Polish composer, dies at 57
• 1842Henrik A Bjerregaard: Norw writer / Poet (Fjeldeventyret), dies at 50
• 1850William Lisle Bowles: English Poet (14 Sonnets), dies at 87
• 1862Sydney Nelson: Composer, dies at 62
• 1871Alexander: Grandson of English Queen Victoria, dies at 1 day old
• 1871Wilhelm Freiherr von Tegetthoff: Aus Admiral (Helgoland / Lissa), dies at 43
• 1875Georg Herwegh: Writer, dies at 57
• 1877Errico Petrella: Composer, dies at 63
• 1880Diederich Krug: Composer, dies at 58
• 1881Pierre Napoleon Bonaparte: Corsican MP, dies at 65
• 1884Maria van Ackere-Doolaeghe: Flemish Poet (Avondlamp), dies at 80
• 1891Phineas T Barnum: US circus promoter (B & Bailey), dies at 88
• 1917Spyridon Filiskos Samaras: Composer, dies at 53
• 1932Erv A Kelley: US policeman, shot to death by Pretty Boy Floyd
• 1933Jan Erik / Eric Jan Hanussen: Berlin astrologist / illusionist, murdered
• 1934William Monroe Trotter: African, dies on 62nd birthday in Boston
• 1943Jovan Ducic: Serbian Poet (Blue Legends), dies at 72