Events on Jun 21
- 0524Battle at Vezerone: Burgundy beats France
- 0996Pope Gregory V crowns Otto III Roman Catholic German Emperor of Elzas
- 1128Battle of Akspoele: Earl Willem of Normandy beats Diederik
- 1498Jews are expelled from Nurenberg Bavaria by Emperor Maximillian
- 1529Battle at Landriano: Leyva beats France
- 1547Great fire in Moscow
- 1572Garrison under Adrian of Swieten conquers Gouda
- 16071st Protestant Episcopal parish in America established, Jamestown
- 1633Galileo Galilei is forced by Inquisition to "abjure, curse, and detest" his Copernican heliocentric views
- 1661Treaty of Kardis: Russia and Sweden sign peace treaty
- 1667Dutch Admiral Michiel de Ruyter occupies Sheerness, England
- 1672Dutch pension advisor Johan de Witt seriously wounded
- 1672French troops under King Louis XIV occupy Utrecht
- 1684King Charles II revokes Massachusetts Bay Colony charter
- 1749Pieter Steyn installed as pension advisor of Neth
- 17681st US bachelor of medicine degree (Dr John Archer)
- 1788US Constitution goes into effect as NH is 9th to ratify
- 1788Vizille France population demands local parliament
- 1791Fleeing French King Louis XVI and family captured at Varennes-en-Argonne
- 1792Vancouver meets Spanish ships Sutil and Mexicana off Vancouver, BC
- 1805Great Stoneface Mt found in New Hampshire
- 1821African Methodist Episcopal Zion (AMEZ) Church organizes (NYC)
- 1834Cyrus Hall McCormick patents reaping machine
- 1858Louisiana chess prodigy Paul Morphy arrives in Europe
- 1863Battle at Upperville Virginia, 389 casualities
- 1879F W Woolworth opens 1st store (failed almost immediately)
- 1887Britain celebrates golden jubilee of Queen Victoria
- 1894Workers in Pittsburgh strike Pullman sleeping car company
- 1895British Roseberry government falls
- 1898Guam becomes a territory of US
Born on Jun 21
- 1002Leo IX [Bruno Count of Egesheim & Dagsburg]: Pope (1049-54)
- 1577Giovanni Del Turco: Composer
- 1596Michael Fjodorovitsj: Tsar of Russia (1613-45) / 1st Romanov
- 1640Abraham Mignon: Still life painter
- 1668Cajetan Kolberer: Composer
- 1732Johann Christoph Frederic Bach: Composer
- 1740Hendrik van Wijn: Dutch archivist (Algemeen Rijksarchief)
- 1763Pierre P Royer-Collard: French attorney / philosopher
- 1774Daniel D Tompkins: (D-R), 6th US Vice President (1817-25)
- 1790Wilhelm Speyer: Composer
- 1805Karl Friedrich Curschmann: Composer
- 1817James Brewerton Ricketts: Bvt Major General (Union Army), died in 1887
- 1818Ernst II: Duke of Saxon-Coburg-Gotha (1844-93) / composer
- 1818Joseph Abel Haskin: Brigadier General (Union volunteers), died in 1874
- 1823Edward Elmer Potter: Bvt Major General (Union volunteers), died in 1889
- 1839Johannes P R Tak: Dutch liberal politician
- 1839John Decatur Barry: Brigadier General (Confederate Army), died in 1867
- 1839Machado de Assis: Writer
- 1844Ernest F Cambier: Belgian colonial pioneer (1st railway Congo)
- 1851Daniel Carter Beard: United States -- Organized 1st boy scout troop
- 1859Henry O Tanner: Artist
- 1862Henry Holden Huss: Composer
- 1862Johannes Schlaf: Writer
- 1865Albert Herbert Brewer: Composer
- 1873Henry M Tomlinson: British writer (Sea & Jungle)
- 1876Willem H Keesom: Physicist (helium vast)
- 1879Umberto Brunelleschi: Italian cartoonist / illustrator (Candide)
- 1882Rockwell Kent: Artist / painter / illustrator (Canterbury Tales)
- 1883Fjodor W Gladkow: Russian writer (Cement)
- 1884Claude "Auk" Auchinleck: British Field Marshal North-Africa
Died on Jun 21
- 1208Philips van Zwaben Hohenstaufen: Roman-German King
- 1377Edward III: King of England (1327-77)
- 1529John Skelton: English poet, dies at about 69
- 1573Antonie van Burgundy: Mayor of Sealand, dies in battle
- 1591Aloysius [Luigi] van Gonzaga: Prince / Italian Jesuit saint
- 1876Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna: Mexican General (took Alamo), dies at 79
- 1884Alexander: Prince / last male descendent of Johan W Friso
- 1887Adolf Schimon: Composer, dies at 67
- 1900Polibo Fumagalli: Composer, dies at 69
- 1908Nikolai A Rimski-Korssakov: Russian Composer (Sheherazade), dies at 64
- 1913Stefan O Iosif: Romanian Poet (Beautiful Irine), dies at 37
- 1914Glauco Velasquez: Composer, dies at 30
- 1925Jan H Leopold: Poet / classical (translated Omar Khayyam), dies at 60
- 1934[James] Thorne Smith: United States -- Sci-fi Author (Stray Lamb, Turnabout)
- 1940Edouard Vuillard: French Painter / graphic artist
- 1940Hendrik Marsman: Dutch Poet / writer / critic, drowns at 40
- 1940W Hasenclever: Writer, dies at 49
- 1944Jan Bonekamp: Dutch resistance fighter / friend of Hannie Schaft
- 1945Josef Hora: Czech writer / Poet (Sinking Shadows), dies at 53
- 1946Heinrich Kaminski: Composer, dies at 59
- 1957Don McBride: Actor (Mr Clyde-My Friend Flicka), dies at 68
- 1957Frantisek Kupka: Czech writer, dies at 85
- 1964Andrew Goodman: US civil rights activist, murdered at 20
- 1964James Chaney: US civil rights activist, murdered at 21
- 1964Michael Schwerner: US civil rights activist, murder at 21
- 1965Bernard M Baruch: Presidential Advisor (termed "Cold War"), dies at 94
- 1969Maureen "Little Mo" Connolly: 1st woman grand slam (1953), dies at 34
- 1970Achmed Sukarno: 1st President of Indonesia (1945-67), dies at 68
- 1972Seth Bingham: Composer, dies at 90
- 1973Frank Leahy: Football coach (Notre Dame), dies at 64
Historical events on June 22
- 0431Council of Ephesus (3rd ecumenical council) opens
- 0816Pope Stephen IV, [V] elected to succeed Leo III
- 1342Bilbo Baggins returns to his home at Bag End, (Shire Reconning)
- 1377Richard II succeeds Edward III as King of England
- 1476Battle at Morat / Murten: Charles the Stout invades Switzerland
- 1497Antitax insurrection in Cornwall suppressed at Blackheath
- 1533Ferdinand of Austria and Sultan Suleiman sign peace treaty
- 1559Jewish quarter of Prague burned and looted
- 1596Cornelis de Houtmans fleet reaches Banten Java
- 1611Henry Hudson and son set adrift in Hudson Bay by mutineers
- 1633Galileo Galilei forced to recant Earth orbits Sun by Pope (but on October 31, 1992, Vatican admits it was wrong)
- 1675Royal Greenwich Observatory established in England by Charles II
- 1740King Frederik II of Prussia ends torture and guarantees religion and freedom of the press
- 1745Bonnie Prince Charles sails to Scotland
- 1772Slavery outlawed in England
- 1774English parliament accepts Quebec Act
- 17751st Continental currency issued ($3,000,000)
- 1799England and Russia decide to invade Bataafse Republic
- 1807British board USS Chesapeake, a provocation leading to War of 1812
- 1808Zebulon Pike reaches his peak
- 18152nd abdication of Napoleon (after Waterloo)
- 1832John Howe patents pin manufacturing machine
- 1847Doughnut created
- 1848Barnburners (anti-slavery) party nominates Martin Van Buren for President
- 1849Stephen C Massett opens courthouse using only piano in California
- 1868Arkansas re-enters US
- 18701st Boardwalk in America invented
- 1870Congress creates Department of Justice
- 1873Prince Edward Island joins Canada
- 1874Dr Andrew T Sill, of Macon Missouri, finds science of osteopathy
Born on June 22
- 1478Philips de Schone: Archduke of Austrian / King of Castilia (Philips I)
- 1611Pablo Bruna: Composer
- 1613Lambert Pietkin: Composer
- 1674Eugene J P: Earl of Merode, Belgian Marquis of Westerloo
- 1684Francesco Onofrio Manfredini: Composer
- 1701Nikolaj Eigtved: Danish architect (Christiansborg Castle)
- 1741Alois Luigi Tomasini: Composer
- 1742Heinrich Gottfried Reichard: Composer
- 1757George Vancouver: Surveyed Pacific coast from SF to Vancouver I
- 1805Giuseppe Mazzini: Italian revolutionary (Il Apostolato Popolare)
- 1824Frederic Louis Ritter: Composer
- 1830Theodor Leschetizky: Composer
- 1837Paul Morphy: New Orleans, Louisiana -- Greatest chess player of all time (1857-61)
- 1840Ernest Debes: German cartographer (Baedeker)
- 1849Stephen C Massett: Opens at courthouse as 1st pro entertainer
- 1859Frank Heino Damrosch: Author / musician / teacher (founded Institute of Music)
- 1864Hermann Minkowski: German mathematician
- 1869Hendrikus Colijn: Dutch Premier (AR 1933-39)
- 1883Jose Rolon: Composer
- 1887Albert PAA Besnard: Dutch poet / journalist (Uprising & Remorse)
- 1891Franz de Backer: Flemish writer (White Enemy)
- 1891Harry Seymour: New York, United States -- Actor (Boy Meets Girl, Tenderfoot)
- 1893Osvald Chlubna: Composer
- 1896Francis C Denebrink: US Naval officer (WWI, WWII, Korea)
- 1897Norbert Elias: English / Dutch philosopher (Process of Civilization)
- 1898Erich Maria Remarque: Novelist (All Quiet on the Western Front)
- 1898R M Remarque: Writer
- 1899Dorothy Devore: Fort Worth, Texas -- Actress (Narrow Street, Senior Daredevil)
- 1899Michal Kalecki: Polish economist
- 1900Jennie Tourel: St. Petersburg, Russia -- Mezzo-soprano (Met Opera 1943-47)
Died on June 22
- 1276Innocent V [Pierre the Tarantaise]: Pope (1276), dies at about 36
- 1527Machiavelli: Writer
- 1535John Fisher: English Bishop (1504-35) / cardinal, beheaded at about 65
- 1741Joseph-Hector Fiocco: Composer, dies at 38
- 1745Hubert Renotte: Composer, dies at 41
- 1754Nicholas Siret: Composer, dies at 91
- 1777Josef Christian: German sculptor, dies at 71
- 1803Wilhelm Heinse: Writer
- 1843Gabriele Prota: Composer, dies at 88
- 1874Howard Staunton: World chess champion, designer of chess pieces
- 1885Mahdi [Muhammad Ahmed]: Sudanese music reviewer
- 1897Ralph Abercromby: British meteorologist, dies at about 54
- 1898Anton Kerner Ritter von Marilaun: Austria botanist, dies at 66
- 1903George White: Black resident of Delaware, lynched
- 1906Fritz Schaudinn: German animal scholar: examined amoebasis, dies at 34
- 1909Detlev [Freiherr Friedrich A von] Liliencron: German poet, dies at 65
- 1910Marie: Princess of Wied / Orange Nassau
- 1922Henry H Wilson: Field Marshal, murdered in London
- 1926Hermann Suter: Composer, dies at 56
- 1928George Siegmann: Actor (Birth of Nation, Queen of Sheba), dies at 46
- 1930Karl von Amira: German historian, dies at 82
- 1945Isamu Tsjo: Japanese Chief of Staff 32nd Army, commits harakiri
- 1945Mitsuri Ushijima: Japanese Lieutenant General / Commandant 32nd Army, commits harakiri
- 1950Julio Fonseca: Composer, dies at 65
- 1954Don Hollenbeck: Newscaster (CBS Weekend News), dies at 49
- 1955Wyllis Cooper: TV narrator (Volume One), dies at 56
- 1961Betty Elder: Actress (Annie Get Your Gun)
- 1964Havank [HF van der Kallen]: Detective writer (Shade), dies at 60
- 1965Adriaan F Dussenbroek: Dutch doctor / co-founder (UNA), dies at 72
- 1965David O Selznick: Producer (Gone With the Wind), dies at 63
Events on Jun 23
- 1295Pope Boniface VIII enters Rome
- 1298Duke Albrecht von Habsburg chosen Roman Catholic German King
- 1305French-Flemish peace treaty signed at Athis-sur-Orge
- 1532Henry VIII and Francois I signs secret treaty against Emperor Karel V
- 1585Spanish army under Tassis beats Amerongen Staatse troops
- 1611Henry Hudson set adrift in Hudson Bay by mutineers on his ship Discovery and never seen again
- 1658Dutch troops occupy last Portugese Fort Jafnapatnam Ceylon
- 1661Marriage contract for Charles II of England and Catharina of Portugal
- 1683William Penn signs friendship treaty with Lenni Lenape indians in Pennsylvania; only treaty "not sworn to, nor broken"
- 1724Russia and Turkey sign Treaty of Constantinople
- 1757Robert Clive defeats Indians at Plassey, wins control of Bengal
- 1760Battle of Landshut Silesia: Austria beats Prussia
- 17751st regatta held on Thames, England
- 1776Final draft of Declaration of Independence submitted to US Congress
- 17841st US balloon flight (13 year old Edward Warren)
- 1794Empress Catherine II grants Jews permission to settle in Kiev
- 1810John Jacob Astor organizes Pacific Fur Co (Astoria, Oregon)
- 1821Dutch troops conquer Palembang
- 1848Antoine Joseph Sax patents Saxophone
- 1848Bloody insurrection of workers in Paris
- 1854Antwerp-Roosendaal railway goes into use
- 1860Congress establishes Government Printing Office
- 1860US Secret Service created
- 1863Tullahoma campaign, Tennessee
- 1865At Ft Towson, General Stand Watie surrenders last sizeable Confederate army
- 1868Christopher Latham Sholes patents "Type-writer"
- 1888Frederick Douglass is 1st African-American nominated for President
- 1909Confessional parties win Dutch parliamentary elections
- 1915Zeb Turner, country-rock performer (Chew Tobacco Rag)
- 191731st US Womens Tennis: Molla Mallory beat Marion Vanderhoef (46 60 62)
Born on Jun 23
- 1160Johannes de Matha: French Saint / founder (Trinitarians)
- 1540Johann Baptista Serranus: Composer
- 1612Justus G Schottel [Schottelius]: German poet
- 1749Konrad Back: Composer
- 1774Matthijs Siegenbeek: Dutch linguist (spelling)
- 1801Daniel Smith Donelson: Major General (Confederate Army), died in 1863
- 1810Franziska"Fanny" Elssler: Austrian ballerina
- 1818Simon Vissering: Dutch economist / Minister of Finances (1879-81)
- 1822Young Marshall Moody: Brigadier General (Confederate Army), died in 1866
- 1824Carl Heinrich Carsten Reinecke: Composer
- 1837Ernest Guiraud: Composer
- 1838Edwin Henry Stoughton: Brigadier General (Union volunteers), died in 1868
- 1846George Sax: Inventor (saxophone)
- 1848Antoine Joseph Sax: Inventor (saxophone)
- 1852Stephane Raoul Pugno: Composer
- 1855Maude Valerie White: Composer
- 1858William Ernst Johnson: Cambridge, England -- Mathematician
- 1859Florentinus M Wibaut: Amsterdams social alderman (building of houses)
- 1875Carl Milles: Uppsala, Sweden -- Fountain sculptor (Wedding of Rivers)
- 1876Irvin S Cobb: Kentucky, United States -- Writer / humorist (Old Judge Priest)
- 1877Blair Fairchild: Composer
- 1877Hermann Stephani: Composer
- 1879William Ewart Berry: 1st viscount Camrose / English nobleman
- 1884Werner Krauss: Germany -- Actor (Cabinet of Dr Caligari, Joyless Street)
- 1887Ernst Rowohlt: German publisher (Rowohlt-Verlag)
- 1887John Finley Williamson: Canton, Ohio -- Conductor (Westminster Choir)
- 1888Anna Achmatova [AA Gorenko]: Russian conductor (Tsjetki)
- 1888Lee Moran: Chicago, Illinois -- Actor (Circus Clown)
- 1892Able Kiviat: United States -- Runner (1912 Olympics - Gold Medalist)
- 1892Edmund Cobb: Albuquerque, New Mexico -- Western actor (Comanche Territory)
Died on Jun 23
- 0758Ho-tse Shen-hui: Zen teacher / disciple of Hui-neng, dies at 74
- 1075Theoduinus: Beiers prince-bishop of Liege
- 1137Adalbert I: Archbishop of Mainz (1111-1137)
- 1139Andries van Kuik: Bishop of Utrecht
- 1444Marcus [Manuel] Eugenicus: Byzantine Bishop of Efeze / theologist
- 1771Jean-Claude Trial: Composer, dies at 38
- 1801Bendix Friedrich Zinck: Composer, dies at 58
- 1817Otto Carl Erdmann Kospoth: Composer, dies at 63
- 1833Nikolaus Paul Zmeskall: Composer, dies at 73
- 1866Samuel Sarphati: Amsterdam Physician / social activist, dies at 53
- 1888Emil Naumann: Composer, dies at 60
- 1891Francis Henry Brown: Composer, dies at 73
- 1895Joseph Paul Skelly: Composer, dies at 44
- 1901Charles Kensington Salaman: Composer, dies at 87
- 1916Victor Chapman: US legionaire / WWI pilot, killed
- 1919Amy G C A Bonet-Maury: French reformed theologist
- 1924Cecil [James] Sharp: English folk musician, dies at 64
- 1928Thomas H Rollinson: Composer, dies at 84
- 1945Lieutenant General Ushijima: Japanese commander, commits suicide at Okinawa
- 1951Armin Knab: German Composer (Wunderhorn), dies at 70
- 1958Edvard Armas Jarnefeldt: Composer, dies at 88
- 1959Jean Gallon: Composer, dies at 80
- 1965Mary Boland: Actress (Boy Trouble, New Moon), dies at 83
- 1969Stanley Andrews: Actor (Old Ranger-Death Valley Days), dies at 78
- 1971George Blagoi: Entertainer
- 1971Walter Schulthess: Composer, dies at 76
- 1972Elton Britt: Country singer (Sat Night Jamboree), dies at 54
- 1973Fay Holden: Actress (Mother-Andy Hardy films), dies at 77
- 1975William Hansen: Actor (Homebodies), dies at 64
- 1980John Laurie: Actor (39 Steps, Jericho, Kidnapped), dies at 83