Events on Jun 22
- 0431Council of Ephesus (3rd ecumenical council) opens
- 0816Pope Stephen IV, [V] elected to succeed Leo III
- 1342Bilbo Baggins returns to his home at Bag End, (Shire Reconning)
- 1377Richard II succeeds Edward III as King of England
- 1476Battle at Morat / Murten: Charles the Stout invades Switzerland
- 1497Antitax insurrection in Cornwall suppressed at Blackheath
- 1533Ferdinand of Austria and Sultan Suleiman sign peace treaty
- 1559Jewish quarter of Prague burned and looted
- 1596Cornelis de Houtmans fleet reaches Banten Java
- 1611Henry Hudson and son set adrift in Hudson Bay by mutineers
- 1633Galileo Galilei forced to recant Earth orbits Sun by Pope (but on October 31, 1992, Vatican admits it was wrong)
- 1675Royal Greenwich Observatory established in England by Charles II
- 1740King Frederik II of Prussia ends torture and guarantees religion and freedom of the press
- 1745Bonnie Prince Charles sails to Scotland
- 1772Slavery outlawed in England
- 1774English parliament accepts Quebec Act
- 17751st Continental currency issued ($3,000,000)
- 1799England and Russia decide to invade Bataafse Republic
- 1807British board USS Chesapeake, a provocation leading to War of 1812
- 1808Zebulon Pike reaches his peak
- 18152nd abdication of Napoleon (after Waterloo)
- 1832John Howe patents pin manufacturing machine
- 1847Doughnut created
- 1848Barnburners (anti-slavery) party nominates Martin Van Buren for President
- 1849Stephen C Massett opens courthouse using only piano in California
- 1868Arkansas re-enters US
- 18701st Boardwalk in America invented
- 1870Congress creates Department of Justice
- 1873Prince Edward Island joins Canada
- 1874Dr Andrew T Sill, of Macon Missouri, finds science of osteopathy
Born on Jun 22
- 1478Philips de Schone: Archduke of Austrian / King of Castilia (Philips I)
- 1611Pablo Bruna: Composer
- 1613Lambert Pietkin: Composer
- 1674Eugene J P: Earl of Merode, Belgian Marquis of Westerloo
- 1684Francesco Onofrio Manfredini: Composer
- 1701Nikolaj Eigtved: Danish architect (Christiansborg Castle)
- 1741Alois Luigi Tomasini: Composer
- 1742Heinrich Gottfried Reichard: Composer
- 1757George Vancouver: Surveyed Pacific coast from SF to Vancouver I
- 1805Giuseppe Mazzini: Italian revolutionary (Il Apostolato Popolare)
- 1824Frederic Louis Ritter: Composer
- 1830Theodor Leschetizky: Composer
- 1837Paul Morphy: New Orleans, Louisiana -- Greatest chess player of all time (1857-61)
- 1840Ernest Debes: German cartographer (Baedeker)
- 1849Stephen C Massett: Opens at courthouse as 1st pro entertainer
- 1859Frank Heino Damrosch: Author / musician / teacher (founded Institute of Music)
- 1864Hermann Minkowski: German mathematician
- 1869Hendrikus Colijn: Dutch Premier (AR 1933-39)
- 1883Jose Rolon: Composer
- 1887Albert PAA Besnard: Dutch poet / journalist (Uprising & Remorse)
- 1891Franz de Backer: Flemish writer (White Enemy)
- 1891Harry Seymour: New York, United States -- Actor (Boy Meets Girl, Tenderfoot)
- 1893Osvald Chlubna: Composer
- 1896Francis C Denebrink: US Naval officer (WWI, WWII, Korea)
- 1897Norbert Elias: English / Dutch philosopher (Process of Civilization)
- 1898Erich Maria Remarque: Novelist (All Quiet on the Western Front)
- 1898R M Remarque: Writer
- 1899Dorothy Devore: Fort Worth, Texas -- Actress (Narrow Street, Senior Daredevil)
- 1899Michal Kalecki: Polish economist
- 1900Jennie Tourel: St. Petersburg, Russia -- Mezzo-soprano (Met Opera 1943-47)
Died on Jun 22
- 1276Innocent V [Pierre the Tarantaise]: Pope (1276), dies at about 36
- 1527Machiavelli: Writer
- 1535John Fisher: English Bishop (1504-35) / cardinal, beheaded at about 65
- 1741Joseph-Hector Fiocco: Composer, dies at 38
- 1745Hubert Renotte: Composer, dies at 41
- 1754Nicholas Siret: Composer, dies at 91
- 1777Josef Christian: German sculptor, dies at 71
- 1803Wilhelm Heinse: Writer
- 1843Gabriele Prota: Composer, dies at 88
- 1874Howard Staunton: World chess champion, designer of chess pieces
- 1885Mahdi [Muhammad Ahmed]: Sudanese music reviewer
- 1897Ralph Abercromby: British meteorologist, dies at about 54
- 1898Anton Kerner Ritter von Marilaun: Austria botanist, dies at 66
- 1903George White: Black resident of Delaware, lynched
- 1906Fritz Schaudinn: German animal scholar: examined amoebasis, dies at 34
- 1909Detlev [Freiherr Friedrich A von] Liliencron: German poet, dies at 65
- 1910Marie: Princess of Wied / Orange Nassau
- 1922Henry H Wilson: Field Marshal, murdered in London
- 1926Hermann Suter: Composer, dies at 56
- 1928George Siegmann: Actor (Birth of Nation, Queen of Sheba), dies at 46
- 1930Karl von Amira: German historian, dies at 82
- 1945Isamu Tsjo: Japanese Chief of Staff 32nd Army, commits harakiri
- 1945Mitsuri Ushijima: Japanese Lieutenant General / Commandant 32nd Army, commits harakiri
- 1950Julio Fonseca: Composer, dies at 65
- 1954Don Hollenbeck: Newscaster (CBS Weekend News), dies at 49
- 1955Wyllis Cooper: TV narrator (Volume One), dies at 56
- 1961Betty Elder: Actress (Annie Get Your Gun)
- 1964Havank [HF van der Kallen]: Detective writer (Shade), dies at 60
- 1965Adriaan F Dussenbroek: Dutch doctor / co-founder (UNA), dies at 72
- 1965David O Selznick: Producer (Gone With the Wind), dies at 63
Historical events on June 23
- 1295Pope Boniface VIII enters Rome
- 1298Duke Albrecht von Habsburg chosen Roman Catholic German King
- 1305French-Flemish peace treaty signed at Athis-sur-Orge
- 1532Henry VIII and Francois I signs secret treaty against Emperor Karel V
- 1585Spanish army under Tassis beats Amerongen Staatse troops
- 1611Henry Hudson set adrift in Hudson Bay by mutineers on his ship Discovery and never seen again
- 1658Dutch troops occupy last Portugese Fort Jafnapatnam Ceylon
- 1661Marriage contract for Charles II of England and Catharina of Portugal
- 1683William Penn signs friendship treaty with Lenni Lenape indians in Pennsylvania; only treaty "not sworn to, nor broken"
- 1724Russia and Turkey sign Treaty of Constantinople
- 1757Robert Clive defeats Indians at Plassey, wins control of Bengal
- 1760Battle of Landshut Silesia: Austria beats Prussia
- 17751st regatta held on Thames, England
- 1776Final draft of Declaration of Independence submitted to US Congress
- 17841st US balloon flight (13 year old Edward Warren)
- 1794Empress Catherine II grants Jews permission to settle in Kiev
- 1810John Jacob Astor organizes Pacific Fur Co (Astoria, Oregon)
- 1821Dutch troops conquer Palembang
- 1848Antoine Joseph Sax patents Saxophone
- 1848Bloody insurrection of workers in Paris
- 1854Antwerp-Roosendaal railway goes into use
- 1860Congress establishes Government Printing Office
- 1860US Secret Service created
- 1863Tullahoma campaign, Tennessee
- 1865At Ft Towson, General Stand Watie surrenders last sizeable Confederate army
- 1868Christopher Latham Sholes patents "Type-writer"
- 1888Frederick Douglass is 1st African-American nominated for President
- 1909Confessional parties win Dutch parliamentary elections
- 1915Zeb Turner, country-rock performer (Chew Tobacco Rag)
- 191731st US Womens Tennis: Molla Mallory beat Marion Vanderhoef (46 60 62)
Born on June 23
- 1160Johannes de Matha: French Saint / founder (Trinitarians)
- 1540Johann Baptista Serranus: Composer
- 1612Justus G Schottel [Schottelius]: German poet
- 1749Konrad Back: Composer
- 1774Matthijs Siegenbeek: Dutch linguist (spelling)
- 1801Daniel Smith Donelson: Major General (Confederate Army), died in 1863
- 1810Franziska"Fanny" Elssler: Austrian ballerina
- 1818Simon Vissering: Dutch economist / Minister of Finances (1879-81)
- 1822Young Marshall Moody: Brigadier General (Confederate Army), died in 1866
- 1824Carl Heinrich Carsten Reinecke: Composer
- 1837Ernest Guiraud: Composer
- 1838Edwin Henry Stoughton: Brigadier General (Union volunteers), died in 1868
- 1846George Sax: Inventor (saxophone)
- 1848Antoine Joseph Sax: Inventor (saxophone)
- 1852Stephane Raoul Pugno: Composer
- 1855Maude Valerie White: Composer
- 1858William Ernst Johnson: Cambridge, England -- Mathematician
- 1859Florentinus M Wibaut: Amsterdams social alderman (building of houses)
- 1875Carl Milles: Uppsala, Sweden -- Fountain sculptor (Wedding of Rivers)
- 1876Irvin S Cobb: Kentucky, United States -- Writer / humorist (Old Judge Priest)
- 1877Blair Fairchild: Composer
- 1877Hermann Stephani: Composer
- 1879William Ewart Berry: 1st viscount Camrose / English nobleman
- 1884Werner Krauss: Germany -- Actor (Cabinet of Dr Caligari, Joyless Street)
- 1887Ernst Rowohlt: German publisher (Rowohlt-Verlag)
- 1887John Finley Williamson: Canton, Ohio -- Conductor (Westminster Choir)
- 1888Anna Achmatova [AA Gorenko]: Russian conductor (Tsjetki)
- 1888Lee Moran: Chicago, Illinois -- Actor (Circus Clown)
- 1892Able Kiviat: United States -- Runner (1912 Olympics - Gold Medalist)
- 1892Edmund Cobb: Albuquerque, New Mexico -- Western actor (Comanche Territory)
Died on June 23
- 0758Ho-tse Shen-hui: Zen teacher / disciple of Hui-neng, dies at 74
- 1075Theoduinus: Beiers prince-bishop of Liege
- 1137Adalbert I: Archbishop of Mainz (1111-1137)
- 1139Andries van Kuik: Bishop of Utrecht
- 1444Marcus [Manuel] Eugenicus: Byzantine Bishop of Efeze / theologist
- 1771Jean-Claude Trial: Composer, dies at 38
- 1801Bendix Friedrich Zinck: Composer, dies at 58
- 1817Otto Carl Erdmann Kospoth: Composer, dies at 63
- 1833Nikolaus Paul Zmeskall: Composer, dies at 73
- 1866Samuel Sarphati: Amsterdam Physician / social activist, dies at 53
- 1888Emil Naumann: Composer, dies at 60
- 1891Francis Henry Brown: Composer, dies at 73
- 1895Joseph Paul Skelly: Composer, dies at 44
- 1901Charles Kensington Salaman: Composer, dies at 87
- 1916Victor Chapman: US legionaire / WWI pilot, killed
- 1919Amy G C A Bonet-Maury: French reformed theologist
- 1924Cecil [James] Sharp: English folk musician, dies at 64
- 1928Thomas H Rollinson: Composer, dies at 84
- 1945Lieutenant General Ushijima: Japanese commander, commits suicide at Okinawa
- 1951Armin Knab: German Composer (Wunderhorn), dies at 70
- 1958Edvard Armas Jarnefeldt: Composer, dies at 88
- 1959Jean Gallon: Composer, dies at 80
- 1965Mary Boland: Actress (Boy Trouble, New Moon), dies at 83
- 1969Stanley Andrews: Actor (Old Ranger-Death Valley Days), dies at 78
- 1971George Blagoi: Entertainer
- 1971Walter Schulthess: Composer, dies at 76
- 1972Elton Britt: Country singer (Sat Night Jamboree), dies at 54
- 1973Fay Holden: Actress (Mother-Andy Hardy films), dies at 77
- 1975William Hansen: Actor (Homebodies), dies at 64
- 1980John Laurie: Actor (39 Steps, Jericho, Kidnapped), dies at 83
Events on Jun 24
- 0843Vikings destroy Nantes
- 1128Afonso I of Portugal defeats army of his mother Theresa
- 1298Rindfleish Persecutions-Jews of Ifhauben Austria massacred
- 1314Battle of Bannockburn; Scotland regains independence from England
- 1322Jews are expelled from France for 3rd time
- 1340Battle at Lock: English fleet beats France / Genuezen, 10-30,000 killed
- 1340In the Hundred Years War, British fleet destroys French at Sluys
- 1396Crusaders under Earl of Nevers reach Vienna
- 1397Sultan Bajezid I release caught crusaders free, for ransom
- 1441Eton College founded by Henry VI
- 1497John Cabot claims eastern Canada for England (believes he found Asia in Nova Scotia)
- 1509Henry VIII crowned King of England
- 1522Battle at La Bicocca: Emperor Karel V beats France
- 1522Portuguese Antonio de Brita signs treaty island of Ternate Molukkas
- 1527Gustaaf I begins Reformation in Sweden, taking RC possessions
- 1535Anabaptists Protestants conquered and disbanded
- 1540Henry VIII divorces his 4th wife, Anne of Cleves
- 15725 clergymen of Enkhuizen, hanged
- 1619Tsar Michails father Filaret becomes patriarch of Moscow
- 1648Cossacks slaughter 2,000 Jews and 600 Polish Catholics in Ukraine
- 1658French fleet recaptures Duinkerk
- 1662Dutch invasion of Macau repulsed (Macau Day)
- 1692Kingston Jamaica founded
- 1778David Rittenhouse observes a total solar eclipse in Philadelphia
- 17931st Republican constitution in France adopted
- 1795US and Great Britain sign Jay Treaty, 1st US extradition treaty
- 1806English under commodore Popham / col Beresford reach Buenos Aires
- 1813Battle of Beaver Dam-British and Indian forces defeat US forces
- 18171st coffee planted in Hawaii on Kona coast
- 1843Vincenzo Soliva decrees no Jew can live outside of ghetto in Italy
Born on Jun 24
- 1244Hendrik I [the Child]: 1st Count of Hessen (1256-1308)
- 1322Johanna: Duchess of Brabant / Limburg (Joyful Entry)
- 1499Johannes Brenz: German theologist (Dutch Brentians)
- 1533Robert Dudley: Earl of Leicester / English Commander-in-Chief in Netherlands
- 1542Juan de la Cruz [de Yepes]: Spanish Carmelet / poet / Saint
- 1546Robert Parsons: English Jesuit (A Letter Disclosure)
- 1561Rombout Hogerbeets: Lawyer / pension Minister of Leiden
- 1572Jan Campanus: Composer
- 1590Samuel Ampzing: Poet (Taelbericht der Neth Spellinge)
- 1619Rijcklof Volckertsz van Goens: Governor-General (Netherlands East Indies)
- 1669Francois van Aerssen: Dutch Vice-Admiral (Suriname / Algeria)
- 1746Jean Baptiste Rochefort: Composer
- 1747Johann Melchior Dreyer: Composer
- 1762Johann Paul Wessely: Composer
- 1771E I Du Pont: France -- Chemist / Scientist (Du Pont)
- 1803George James Webb: Composer
- 1804Stephan L Endlicher: Austrian priest / Botanist
- 1808Anna Caroline Oury: Composer
- 1811John Archibald Campbell: Confederate States Assistant Secretary of War, died in 1889
- 1813Henry Ward Beecher: Litchfield, Connecticut -- Clergyman / orator (Independent)
- 1820Henry Rootes Jackson: Brigadier General (Confederate Army), died in 1898
- 1822Birkett Davenport Fry: Brigadier General (Confederate Army), died in 1891
- 1832Edward Harland: Brigadier General (Union volunteers), died in 1915
- 1838Gustav von Schmoller: German economist (Lectern Socialism)
- 1839Gustavus Franklin Swift: Founded Swift & Co.
- 1840Louis Brassin: Composer
- 1847Gervais Bernard Gaston Salvayre: Composer
- 1848Brooks Adams: US philosopher (Theory of Social Revolutions)
- 1850Horatio Herbert Kitchener: England, United Kingdom -- Original Order of Merit member
- 1852Victor Adler: Austrian Foreign Minister (1918)
Died on Jun 24
- 1519Lucrezia Borgia: Daughter of Pope Alexander, dies at 39
- 1572Adrianus van Gouda: Lay brother, hanged
- 1572Cornelis van Diest: Lay brother, hanged
- 1572Joannes van Naarden: Priest, hanged
- 1572Ludovicus Voets: Priest, hanged
- 1629Carolus Scribani: Italian / Flemish Jesuit / writer, dies at 67
- 1643John Hampden: English politician, dies of injuries at about 48
- 1652Andries Bicker: Merchant / Amsterdam regent, dies at 65
- 1673John of Paffenrode: Ruler of Ghussigny / poet, dies in battle
- 1707Kaspar von Stieler: German linguist / poet, dies at 74
- 1712Simon van der Stel: Dutch gov of Cape Colony (1679-99), dies at 72
- 1724Johann Theile: German Composer (Adam und Eva), dies at 77
- 1778Peter Burmannus Secundus [P Burman]: Dutch classicist, dies at 64
- 1803Matthew Thornton: Irish / US Physician / signer (Declaration of Independence), dies at 88
- 1882Joseph Joachim Raff: German opera Composer (Cavatine), dies at 60
- 1891Ann Sheppard Mounsey: Composer, dies at 80
- 1894M F Sadi Carnot: President of France (1887-94), murdered at about 56
- 1908Grover Cleveland: 22nd and 24th President (1885-89, 93-97), dies at 71
- 1913Frank Lynes: Composer, dies at 55
- 1922Walter Rathenau: German foreign minister, killed by anti-semites at 54
- 1933Sissieretta Joyner Jones: "Black Patti", US singer, dies at about 64
- 1936Nandor Zsolt: Composer, dies at 49
- 1944Rio Gebhardt: Composer, dies at 36
- 1952Lodewijk Mortelmans: Composer, dies at 84
- 1962Lucile Watson: Actress (Great Lie, Model Wife, Florian), dies at 83
- 1969Maria Belgado: Entertainer
- 1969Ted Hecht: Actor (Time to Kill, Song of India, Gangster)
- 1969Willey Ley: US science writer, dies at 62
- 1971Jack Good: Actor (Father Goose)
- 1973Mary Carr: Actress (Forbidden Trail, 2nd Wife), dies at 99