Events on Jul 8
- 0951Paris is founded
- 1497Vasco da Gama departs for trip to India
- 1551Willem of Orange weds countess Anna van Egmond and Buren
- 16541st Jewish colonist arrive in US (Jacob Barsimson in Manhattan)
- 1663King Charles II of England grants a charter to Rhode Island
- 1672Willem II becomes captain- / admiral-general
- 1693New York City authorizes 1st police uniforms in American colonies
- 1709Battle of Poltava; Russians defeat Swedes
- 1758English and Colonial assault on France at Ticonderoga, New York
- 1776Colonel John Nixon gave 1st public reading of Declaration of Independence (Philadelphia)
- 1777Vt becomes 1st state abolishing slavery, adopts male suffrage
- 1778George Washington headquarters at West Point for his Continental Army
- 1792France declares war on Prussia
- 1796US State Department issues 1st American passport
- 17971st US senator (William Blount of Tennessee) expelled by impeachment
- 1800Dr Benjamin Waterhouse gives 1st cowpox vaccination to his son to prevent smallpox
- 1805American Bill Richmond knocks out Jack Holmes, Kilburn Wells, England
- 1816Frost in Waltham, Massachusetts
- 1833Russia and Turkey sign defense treaty
- 1835Liberty Bell cracks (again)
- 1836HMS Beagle / Charles Darwin reaches Saint-Helena
- 1838Arabs attack Jewish community of Safed
- 1853Commodore Matthew Perry sails his frigate Susquehanna into Tokyo Bay
- 1861CS General Sibley is given command of rebel troops in NM territory
- 1861Skirmish at Florida, MI - A rebel encampment is attacked and dispersed
- 1862Odore R Timby patents revolving gun turret
- 1870Congress authorizes registration of trademarks
- 1870Gov Holden of NC declares Casswell County in a state of insurrection
- 1876White terrorists attack Black Republicans in Hamburg SC, killing 5
- 1889John L Sullivan KOs Jake Kilrain in 75 rounds (last bare-knuckle bout)
Born on Jul 8
- 1528Emanuel Philibert: Duke of Savoy / Governor of the Netherlands
- 1545Don Carlos: Son of Spanish King Philip II
- 1574Giovanni Battista Stefanini: Composer
- 1604Heinrich Albert: Germany -- Composer (Arien oder Melodien)
- 1621Jean de la Fontaine: French poet (Fables)
- 1637Johann Georg Ebeling: Composer
- 1638Matteo Coferati: Composer
- 1757Richard Wainwright: Composer
- 1809Ljudwit Gaj: Croatian writer / poet (Pjesma iz Zagorja)
- 1819Alexander Hays: Bvt Major General (Union volunteers), died in 1864
- 1819Vatroslav Lisinski: Composer
- 1821William Harvey Lamb Wallace: Brigadier General (Union volunteers)
- 1824Waldimir "Kriz" Krzyzanowski: Brigadier General (Union volunteers)
- 1826Benjamin Henry Grierson: Major General (Union volunteers)
- 1826Robert Kingston Scott: Bvt Major General (Union volunteers)
- 1829Pierre A Vicomte de Ponson du Terrail: French serial writer
- 1836Joseph Chamberlain: British Minister of Commerce / Colonies
- 1838Ferdinand Graf von Zeppelin: Inventor (rigid dirigibles)
- 1839John D Rockefeller: US capitalist / founder (Standard Oil)
- 1844Mary Johnson Lincoln: Educator (Boston Cooking School)
- 1851Arthur J Evans: English archaeologist (Crete)
- 1857Rudolf Dellinger: Composer
- 1869William V Moody: US poet (Death of Eve, Faith Healer)
- 1870Marie C of Zeggelen: Dutch Novelist (Koloniaaltje)
- 1871Clement Harris: Composer
- 1871Kornelis ter Laan: 1st Dutch socialist Mayor (Zaandam)
- 1882Percy Grainger: Melbourne, Victoria -- Composer / pianist / conductor (Hill Songs)
- 1882Waverley John Anderson: Scottish viscount / Governor of Bengal
- 1885Ann Jemima Flower: Oldest resident of the Netherlands
- 1885Emil Bloch: German philosopher
Died on Jul 8
- 0810Pepin: Son of Charlemagne, King of Italy
- 0975Edgar: King of England (959-75)
- 1115Petrus van Amiens: French Crusades predictor
- 1153Eugene III [Bernardo]: Italian Pope (1145-53)
- 1249Alexander II: King of Scotland (1215-49), dies at 51
- 1253Thibaud IV: Poet / Count of Champagne / King of Navarra
- 1496Benedetto Bonfiglio: Italian painter
- 1531Tilman Riemenschneider: German sculptor, dies at 71
- 1623Gregory XV [Alessandro Ludovisi]: Bishop of Bologna / Pope, dies at 69
- 1656Alexander van der Capellen: Mister of Aartsbergen, dies at about 64
- 1679Samuel J Columbus: Swedish Poet (Odae Sveticae)
- 1681Georg Neumark: Composer, dies at 60
- 1695Christiaen Huygens: Inventor / astronomer, dies at 66
- 1822Percy Bysshe Shelley: English Poet (Prometheus unbound), drowns at 29
- 1859F J Oscar I: King of Sweden / Norway (1844-59), dies at 60
- 1863Francis P Kenrick: Irish / US Archbishop of Baltimore, dies at 65
- 1870John D Zocher, Jr.: Architect (Soestdijk Palace), dies at 79
- 1876Josef Dessauer: Composer, dies at 78
- 1885Hendrick Waelput: Composer, dies at 39
- 1885Henry Waelput: Flemish Composer / conductor (Blessing of Arms)
- 1894Vladimir Nikitich Kashperov: Composer
- 1909Gaston AA Marquis de Gallifet: French Minister of War (1899-1900), dies at 79
- 1932Florenz Ziegfeld: US theatre producer (Ziegfeld Follies)
- 1939[Henry] Havelock Ellis: English sexologist (Man & Woman), dies at 80
- 1941Philippe Gaubert: Composer, dies at 62
- 1942Catherinus Elling: Composer, dies at 83
- 1943Harry Oakes: Canadian ruler of Bahamas, murdered
- 1943Jean "Max" Moulin: French resistance fighter, executed
- 1946Aleksander V Aleksandrov: Russian Composer / conductor, dies at 63
- 1949Riccadro Pick-Mangiagalli: Composer, dies at 66
Historical events on July 9
- 0711Berbers under Tarik-ibn Ziyad occupies North Spain
- 1371Pope Gregory XI names Arnold II of Horne as Bishop of Utrecht
- 1386Battle at Sempach: Swiss beat Duke Leopold III of Austria
- 1401Mongol monarch Timur Lenk destroys Baghdad
- 1517Gelderse crowd robber murders population of Asperen
- 1536French navigator Jacques Cartier returns to Saint-Malo from Canada
- 1553Battle at Sievershausen Solingen: van Saksen beats Alcibiades
- 157219 Catholic priests hanged in Gorcum
- 1595Johannes Kepler inscribes geometric solid construction of universe
- 1609Emperor Rudolf II grants Bohemian protestants freedom of religion
- 1672Prince Willem III inaugurated as Viceroy of Holland / Zealand
- 1686Germany, Sweden and Spain signs anti-French League of Augsburg
- 1745Bonnie Prince Charlies "Elisabeth" battles with HMS Lion
- 1755Battle at Duquesne (Pittsburgh): French troops beat British
- 1755British General E Braddock mortally wounded during French and Indian War
- 1766English Premier Rockingham resigns
- 1780Denmark declares neutrality
- 1795James Swan pays off the $2,024,899 US national debt
- 1800Mt Vernon Gardens becomes site of 1st summer theater in US
- 18151st natural gas well in US is discovered
- 1815King Louis XVIII leaves Ghent for France
- 1816Argentina declares independence from Spain
- 1835St. Etienne-Lyons railway opens in France
- 1842Notary Stamp Law passes
- 1846Captain Montgomery claims Yerba Buena (San Francisco) for US
- 1852Fire destroys 1,100 construction sites in Montreal Canada and no one die
- 1853Adm Perry and US Navy visit Japan
- 1862Gen John Hunt Morgan captures Tompkinsville, Kentucky
- 1863Union troops enter Port Hudson
- 1864Battle of Monocacy, MD US1959 CS400
Born on July 9
- 1513John van Hembyze: Flemish calvinist
- 1535Emanuel van Meteren: Southern, Netherlands -- Merchant / historian
- 1578Ferdinand II: King of Bohemia / Hungary / German Emperor (1619-37)
- 1589Johannes a Sancto Thoma [Poinset]: Portuguese theologist
- 1764Ann Ward Radcliffe: English Gothic Novelist (Italian)
- 1766J Schopenhauer: Writer
- 1777Henry Hallam: British lawyer / historian
- 1791Nicolas Ledesma: Composer
- 1802Thomas Davenport: Invented 1st coml electric motor
- 1805Henry John Gauntlett: Composer
- 1809Frederick Henle: Germany -- Pathologist
- 1825Jules Oppert: German Assyriologist (decodes characters)
- 1831Johan P van der Kellen: Dutch stamp cutter / lithographer / writer
- 1839Carl Baermann: Composer
- 1841Carl Christian Lumbye: Composer
- 1855Johann P Zilcher: German composer
- 1856Daniel Guggenheim: US (Guggenheim Museum)
- 1857Frederik II W: Grandduke of Baden (1907-18)
- 1858Franz Boas: Anthropologist / linguist (Mind of Primitive Man)
- 1864Franz Miller: Becomes first Train Murderer
- 1878H V Kaltenborn: Milwaukee, Wisconsin -- Newscaster (Who Said That?)
- 1879Ottorino Respighi: Bologna, Italy -- Composer (Pines of Rome)
- 1882Richard Hageman: Dutch / US pianist / composer / conductor (Caponsacchi)
- 1887Samuel Eliot Morison: Historian (Admiral of the Ocean Sea)
- 1895Cullen Landis: Nashville, Tennessee -- Actor (Soul of the Beast)
- 1898Gerard Walschap: Flemish writer / journalist (Mary, Revolt in Congo)
- 1898Marcel Delannoy: Composer
- 1900Robert Oboussier: Composer
- 1901Barbara Cartland: Romance author (Camfield #69)
- 1901Jester Hairston: North Carolina, United States -- Actor (Thats My Mama, Rolly-Amen)
Died on July 9
- 1441Jan / Johannes van Eyck: Flemish Painter (Lamb Gods)
- 1639Entonius Walaeus: Calvinist theologist, dies at 65
- 1677Angelus Silesius [Johann Scheffer]: German medical / mystic poet
- 1696Waclaw Potocki: Polish Poet (Wojna Chocimska)
- 1716Joseph Sauveur: French sound engineer, dies at 63
- 1746Philip V: French King of Spain (1700-24, 24-46), dies at 62
- 1747Giovanni Battista Bononcini: Italian opera-composer, dies at 76
- 1755E Braddock: British Gen, mortally wounded during French and Indian War
- 1755Gottlob Harrer: Composer, dies at 52
- 1755James Braddock: English General, dies in battle at Fort Duquesne
- 1756Pieter Langendijk: Painter / etcher / playwright, dies at 72
- 1797Edmund Burke: British Author / parliament leader (Reflections), dies at 68
- 1805Georg W "Franz" Panzer: German vicar / librarian, dies at 76
- 1821Tommaso Sogner: Composer, dies at 58
- 1843Washington Allston: US Painter / author, dies at 63
- 1845Jacob Earl of Rechteren / Appeltern: Gov of Gelderland, dies at 57
- 1850Sajjid Ali Mohammed Bab: Persian founder of Babism
- 1850Zachary Taylor: 12th President (1849-50), dies in White House at 65
- 1875Francis Preston Blair, Jr.: Famed St. Louis lawyer, dies at 54
- 1883Adrien Louis Victor Boieldieu: Composer, dies at 67
- 1909Kasimir Felix Badeni: Premier of Polish / Austria (1895-97), dies at 62
- 1934Otakar Zich: Composer, dies at 55
- 1949Fritz Bennicke Hart: Composer, dies at 75
- 1951Harry Heilmann: Baseball hall of famer outfielder (Det), dies at 56
- 1951Jorgen Bentzon: Composer, dies at 54
- 1957Alexander Fyodorovich Gedike: Composer, dies at 80
- 1960Edward Burlingame Hill: Composer, dies at 86
- 1961Alan Marshal: Actor (Lydia, Irene, Exile Express), dies at 52
- 1962Louis A van Gasteren: Dutch actor (Willem van Oranje), dies at 74
- 1963Frank Mayo: Actor (Santa Fe Trail), dies of heart attack at 74
Events on Jul 10
- 0552Origin of Armenian calendar
- 1040Lady Godiva rides naked on horseback to force her husband, the Earl of Mercia, to lower taxes
- 1460Wars of Roses: Richard of York defeats King Henry VI at Northampton
- 1520King Charles V and King Henry VIII signs treaty of Calais
- 1553Lady Jane Grey becomes Queen of England
- 1568Battle on Eems: Dutch Water garrison beats Spanish
- 1584Spanish army leader Richebourg conquerors Liefkenshoek, Belgium
- 1598Spanish theater plays "Moros y Los Cristianos" in Rio Grande
- 1609Catholic German monarchy forms Catholic League
- 16291st non-Separatist Congregational Church in US founded (Salem, Massachusetts)
- 1652England declares war on Netherlands
- 1690Battle of Beachy Head-French fleet defeat Anglo-Dutch fleet
- 1690Neth-French sea battle at Beachy Head (Cornelis Evertsen)
- 1746Bonnie Prince Charlie flees in disguise to Isle of Skye
- 1775Horatio Gates, issues order excluding blacks from Continental Army
- 17971st US frigate, the "United States, " is launched in Philadelphia
- 1810Emperor Napoleon corpse leaves Netherlands for France
- 1832President Jackson vetoed legislation to re-charter 2nd Bank of US
- 1847Urbain J J Leverrier and John Couch Adams, codiscoverers of Neptune meet for 1st time at home of John Herschel
- 1862US begins construction of Central Pacific Railroad
- 1866Indelible pencil patents by Edson P Clark, Northampton, Massachusetts
- 1873French Poet Paul Verlaine wounds Arthur Rimbaud with pistol
- 1886Eruption of Tarawera volcano destroys famous pink and white calcium carbonate hot-spring terraces (North Island, New Zealand)
- 1886George Goldie gets charter for Royal Niger Company
- 1890Wyoming becomes 44th state of US (1st with female suffrage)
- 18921st concrete-paved street built (Bellefountaine, Ohio)
- 1898Jean-Baptiste Marchands expedition reaches Fashoda at White Hippo
- 1905Dutch Queen Wilhelmina opens Technical Hague court
- 1910Chicago White Sox Comiskey Park opens, visiting Browns win 2-0
- 1912Hannes Kolehmainen runs world record 5000m (14:36.6)
Born on Jul 10
- 1509John Calvin: Protestant religious Reformer / Theologian
- 1526Philip III van Croij: Duke of Aarschot / Earl of Porcien
- 1638David Teniers III: Flemish painter (carpet cartons)
- 1697Francois Hanot: Composer
- 1759Eleanore Sophia Maria Westenholz: Composer
- 1778Sigismund Ritter von Neukomm: Austrian composer / royal chaplain master
- 1779Alois Basil Nikolaus Tomasini: Composer
- 1792George Mifflin Dallas: (D) 11th VP (1845-49)
- 1797Pieter L Uys: South African pioneer (Great Pull)
- 1818John Stuart "Cerro Gordo" Williams: Brigadier General (Confederate Army)
- 1820Andrew Porter: Brigadier General (Union volunteers), died in 1872
- 1821Christopher Columbus Augur: Major General (Union volunteers)
- 1824Rudolf von Benningsen: German lawyer / politician
- 1826Theodore Edouard Dufaure de Lajarte: Composer
- 1830Camille Pissaro: Danish Antillean / French painter (impressionism)
- 1833Lucius Eugene Polk: Brigadier General (Confederate Army), died in 1892
- 1835Henryk Wieniawski: Lubin, Poland -- Violinist / composer (Souv de Moscou)
- 1852Alfred von Kiderlen-Waechter: German Foreign Minister
- 1858Karl Flodin: Composer
- 1865Jan "Pa" van der Steur: Dutch philanthropist (Steurtjes)
- 1867Finley Peter Dunne: United States -- Journalist / humorist (Mr Dooley)
- 1867Max Prinz von Baden: German chancellor (Oct-Nov 1918)
- 1870Maurice Lugeon: Switzerland -- Geologist (nappism)
- 1871Marcel Proust: France -- Novelist (Remembrance of Things Past)
- 1875Mary McLeod Bethune: South Carolina, United States -- Slave / educator (Bethune-Cookman College)
- 1879Harry Nicholls Holmes: Pennsylvania, United States -- Dr (crystallized vitamin A)
- 1882Ima Hogg: Texas art Patron / founder of Houston Symphony
- 1882Riccadro Pick-Mangiagalli: Composer
- 1883Johann Blaskowitz: German General
- 1883Sam Wood: United States -- Communist fighter / director (For Whom the Bell Tolls)
Died on Jul 10
- 0138Publius A Hadrianus: Roman Emperor (117-138)
- 0518Anastasius I Dikoros [Dyrrhachium / Durazzo]: Byzantine Emperor
- 0983Benedict VI: Italian Pope (974-83)
- 1086Knut IV [the Saint]: King of Denmark (1080-86), murdered
- 1103Erik I Ejegod [the Good hearted]: King of Denmark (1095-1103)
- 1559Henry II: King of France (1547-59)
- 1573Willem van Bronkhorst: Brattenburg / Stein / army leader
- 1584Willem I "the Silent" [Willem of Orange]: Earl of Nassau, dies at 51
- 1594Paulo Bellasio: Composer, dies at 40
- 1668Adam-Nicolas Gascon: Composer, dies at 45
- 1686Ercole Ferrata: Italian Sculptor / restauranteur, dies at 76
- 1690Domenico Gabrielli: Composer, dies at 39
- 1690Jan van Brakel: Dutch Vice-Admiral (Chatham), dies in battle at 48
- 1692Bridget Bishop: 1st Salem witch hanged
- 1762Johann F Gronovius: Physician / botany, dies at 76
- 1838Willem Earl van Hogendorp: Dutch colonial governor, dies at about 43
- 1839Fernando Joseph Maria Sor: Composer, dies at 61
- 1863Paul Jones Semmes: US businessman / Confederate Brigadier General, dies at 48
- 1868Carlo Conti: Composer, dies at 71
- 1884Paul Charles Morphy: US lawyer / chess wizard, dies at 47
- 1888Rafael Hernando: Composer, dies at 66
- 1902Albert FA: King of Saxon (1873-1902), dies at 74
- 1908Eliza Laurillard: Vicar / Poet / writer, dies at 78
- 1910Johann G Galle: German discoverer of Neptune by telescope
- 1915Hendrik W Mesdag: Painter (Panorama Mesdag)
- 1920John A "Jacky" Kilverston: Adm / designer (dreadnought), dies at 79
- 1924Johannes B van Heutsz: Governor-General of Dutch Indies (1904-09), dies at 73
- 1937Attilio Brugnoli: Composer, dies at 56
- 1937Johan[nes] B Schepers: Fries writer (Braga), dies at 71
- 1940Donald Francis Tovey: English musicologist / composer, dies at 64