Events on Jul 13
- 0574John III ends his reign as Catholic Pope
- 1174Scottish King William captured
- 1522Hunger appeal by women of Utrecht
- 1573Haarlem surrenders after 7 months to Spanish army
- 1643Battle at Roundway Down: Royalists beat parliamentary armies
- 1645Aleksei Romanov succeeds his father Michael as Czar of Russia
- 1657Oliver Cromwell constrains English army leader John Lambert
- 1700Russian-Turkish peace
- 1772Captain James Cook begins 2nd trip (Resolution) to South Seas
- 1787Congress establishes Northwest Territory (excludes slavery)
- 1787Ord of 1787-a territory can become 3 to 5 states at 60,000 pop
- 1832Source of Mississippi River discovered (Henry R Schoolcraft)
- 1836US patent #1 (after 9,957 unnumbered patents), for locomotive wheels
- 1837Queen Victoria is 1st monarch to live in present Buckingham Palace
- 1851John F Loudon discovers tin on East Indian Island of Billiton
- 1854US forces shell and burn San Juan del Norte, Nicaragua
- 1863Anti-draft mobs lynch blacks in NYC; about 1,000 die
- 1863Battle of Bayou La Fourche, Louisiana
- 1864Early retreats from Washington City back to Shenandoah Valley
- 1865Horace Greeley advises his readers to "Go west young man"
- 1868Oscar J Dunn, former slave, installed as lt Governor of Louisiana
- 187629th Postmaster General: James N Tyner of Ind takes office
- 1878Congress of Berlin discusses division of African colonization ends
- 1878Treaty of Berlin amended terms of Treaty of San Stefano
- 1882200 die as train derails near Tcherny, Russia
- 1896Ed Delahanty, becomes 2nd major leaguer to hit 4 HRs in a game
- 1898Guglielmo Marconi patents radio
- 1898San Francisco Ferry Building at foot of Market St. opens
- 1900Phillies beat Pittsburgh 23-8
- 1919Chicago White Sox pitcher Carl Mays walks off mound blaming teammates for lack of support afield
Born on Jul 13
- 1396Philip the Good: Duke of Burgundy
- 1527John Dee: London, England -- Alchemist / Astrologer / mathematician
- 1590Clement X [Emilio Altieri]: Italy -- Pope (1670-76)
- 1608Ferdinand III: King of Hungary / Bohemia / German Emperor (1637-57)
- 1773Wilhelm H Wackenroder: German writer (Fantasies about Art)
- 1815James Alexander Seddon: Confederate States Secretary of War, died in 1880
- 1816Gustav Freytag: Writer
- 1821Nathan Bedford Forrest: Slave trader / Confederate Lieutenant General / KKK Grand Wizard
- 1826Stanislao Cannizzaro: Italian chemist (Reaction of Cannizzaro)
- 1850Hipolito Irigoyen: President Argentina (1916-22, 1928-30)
- 1859Sydney Webb: England, United Kingdom -- Writer / husband of Beatrice Potter
- 1863Emma Mary Wooley: Educator (Mary Anna Wells)
- 1872Alfons van de Perre: Flemish Physician / MP
- 1877Karl Erb: German tenor
- 1883[Louis C] Marcel Berckmans: Painter / actor (Potasch & Perlemoer)
- 1884Francis B Young: British Physician / writer (White Ladies)
- 1884John Francis Larchet: Composer
- 1888Fernando A N de Seabra Pessoa: Portuguese poet (Mensagem)
- 1888Jean Murat: Pergneux, France -- Actor (Eternal Rain, Carnival Flanders)
- 1891Franco Casavola: Composer
- 1895Sidney Blackmer: Salisbury, North Carolina -- Actor (Ted Roosevelt in 12 movies)
- 1898Martin David: German / Netherlands law historian
- 1900JH Scheps: Dutch 2nd-Member of parliament (social democratic)
- 1901Mickey "Toy Bulldog" Walker: Welterweight boxing champ (1922-26)
- 1901Tillie Ehrlich Lewin: Leading industrialist (tomato queen)
- 1903Eric Portman: Yorkshire, England -- Actor (Naked Edge, Canterbury Tale)
- 1906Harry Sosnik: Chicago, Illinois -- Orchestra leader (Jack Carter Show, Your Hit Parade)
- 1909David Branson: Composer
- 1909Paul Constantinescu: Composer
- 1909Washington Castro: Composer
Died on Jul 13
- 0574John III: Italian Pope (561-74)
- 0939Leo VII: Italian Pope (936-39)
- 1024Henry II [the Monk]: German King (1002-24)
- 1105Rashi [Rabbi Shlomo Yitzaki]: Jewish intellectual
- 1309Jan I van Nassau: Bishop of Utrecht
- 1380Bertrand du Guesclin: French King of Granada, dies at about 60
- 1621Albrecht / Albertus: Archduke of Austria, dies at 61
- 1755Edward Braddock: British General, dies in battle at Pittsburgh
- 1762James Bradley: 3rd Astronomer Royal
- 1777Guillaume Coustou, Jr.: French Sculptor (Apollo / Mars / Venus), dies at 61
- 1785Stephen Hopkins: US judge / signer (Declaration of Independence), dies at 78
- 1793Jean Paul Marat: French revolutionary, murdered by Charlotte Corday
- 1813Johann Friedrich Peter: Composer, dies at 67
- 1844Johann Gansbacher: Composer, dies at 66
- 1860John Ackersdijk: Dutch state house builder, dies at 69
- 1861Robert Selden Garnett: US Confederate Brigadier General, dies at 41
- 1863John S Bowen: US Architect / Confederate General Major, dies at 32
- 1877Wilhelm E Freiherr von Ketteler: German Bishop of Mainz, dies at 65
- 1889Carli Zoeller: Composer, dies at 49
- 1894Juventino Rosas: Composer, dies at 26
- 1903August Reissmann: Composer, dies at 77
- 1925Gerben Postma [Ids]: Fries writer (Lytse Fryske Spraekleare)
- 1927James E K Aggrey: Ghana / US theologist
- 1936Izydor Lotto: Composer, dies at 91
- 1936Jose Calvo Sotelo: Spanish Minister of Finance, murdered at 43
- 1946Alfred Stieglitz: US photographer / art dealer (Camera Work), dies at 82
- 1954Irving Pichel: Dies at 63
- 1954M C Frida Kahlo: Mexican Painter / Wife of Diego Rivera, dies at 47
- 1955Beulah Ecton Woodard: US sculptor, dies at 59
- 1955Ruth Ellis: Last English woman (murderess), executed by hanging
Historical events on July 14
- 1535Emperor Charles V conquerors Tunis
- 1544English troops attack The Canal
- 1581English Jesuit Edmund Campion arrested
- 1682Henry Purcell appointed Organist of Chapel Royal, London
- 1714Battle of Aland, Russian fleet overpowers larger Swedish fleet
- 1771Mission San Antonio de Padua founded in California
- 1789Bastille Day-French Revolution begins with the fall of Bastille
- 17981st direct federal tax on states - on dwellings, land and slaves
- 1798Sedition Act prohibits "false, scandalous & malicious" writing against US government
- 1822Slave revolt in SC under Denmark Vesey / Peter Poyas
- 1823Switzerland signs boundaries for fugitives
- 1832Opium exempted from federal tariff duty
- 1845Fire in NYC destroys 1,000 homes and kills many
- 18501st public demonstration of ice made by refrigeration
- 1853Commodore Perry requests trade relations with Japan
- 1853President Franklin Pierce opens 1st industrial exposition (NY)
- 1861Gen McDowell advances toward Fairfax Courthouse, VA with 40,000 troops
- 1861Naval Engagement at Wilmington NC - USS Daylight establishes blockade
- 1863Battle of Falling Waters, MD (Beaver Creek)
- 1863Jews of Holstein Germany granted equality
- 1864Gold is discovered in Helena, Montana
- 18651st ascent of Matterhorn
- 1865Whymper, Hudson, Croz, Douglas and Hadow 1st to climb Matterhorn
- 1868Alvin J Fellows patents tape measure
- 1877General strike brings US railroad to a stand still
- 1891John T Smith patents corkboard
- 191146" of rain begins to fall in Baguio, Philippines
- 1912Kenneth McArthur runs Olympic record marathon (2:36:54.8)
- 19141st patent for liquid-fueled rocket design granted (Dr R Goddard)
- 191633.6 cm rainfall at Effingham SC (state record)
Born on July 14
- 1486Andrea del Sarto: Italy -- Painter (Recollets)
- 1602Jules Mazarin: France -- Cardinal, French 1st Minister (1642-61)
- 1610Ferdinand II: Monarch of Toscane
- 1707Jacques-Philippe Lamoninary: Composer
- 1756Thomas Rowlandson: English painter / cartoonist / etcher
- 1794John G Lockhart [Scorpion]: Biographer (Life of Sir Walter Scott)
- 1804Ludwig A Benedek: Austrian General
- 1818Nathaniel Lyon: Brigadier General (Union volunteers), died in 1861
- 1830Richard Henry Jackson: Bvt Major General (Union volunteers)
- 1831William Dwight: Brigadier General (Union volunteers), died in 1888
- 1839Edward Sydney Smith: Composer
- 1854Alexander Alexandrovich Kopilov: Composer
- 1855Richard Samuel Hughes: Composer
- 1857Maytag: Inventor (washing machine)
- 1862Florence Bascom: United States -- 1st American woman PhD
- 1862Gustav Klimt: Austria -- Art Nouveau painter
- 1865Annie Jones: Virginia, United States -- Bearded lady
- 1868Gertrude M L Bell: British archaeologist (Desert & The Sown)
- 1869Owen Wister: United States -- Novelist (Virginian)
- 1880Donald Meek: Glasgow, Scotland -- Actor (Stage Fair, Stagecoach)
- 1883Alexandru Zirra: Composer
- 1884Charles Meldrum Daniels: Dayton, Ohio -- Swimmer (1904, 08 Olympics - Gold Medalist)
- 1890Ossip Zadkine [Zadkin]: Russ / French sculptor (Destroyed City)
- 1891Henry Oscar: London, England -- Actor (Saint in London)
- 1893John G Strijdom: Premier of South-Africa (1954-58)
- 1895Frank Raymond Leavis: British literary critic (Culture & Environment)
- 1898Ivan Triesault: Estonia -- Actor (Cry of the Werewolf, Black Parachute)
- 1901George Tobias: NYC, New York -- Actor (Abner Kravitz-Bewitched)
- 1902Paul Guilfoyle: Jersey City, New Jersey -- Actor / director (Curiosity Kills)
- 1902Richard Clarkson: Aerodynamicist
Died on July 14
- 1223Philippe II Augustus: King of France (1180-1223), dies at 57
- 1298Jacob de Voragine: Italian Bishop / writer (Golden Legend)
- 1614Camillus de Lellis: Ital soldier / monastery founder / saint, dies at 64
- 1711Johan Willem Friso: Prince of Orange / (Nassau-Dietz), drowns at 23
- 1744Immanuel J Pyra: German Poet (Temple of True Poetry), dies at 28
- 1762Cornelis Hop: Amsterdams regent / diplomat, dies at 77
- 1779George Ross: US judge / signer (Declaration of Independence), dies at 49
- 1788Johann Gottfried Muthel: Composer, dies at 60
- 1793Jacques Cathelineau: French royalist, dies in battle at 44
- 1803Esteban Salas y Castro: Composer
- 1812Christian G Heyne: German archaeologist, dies at 82
- 1816Francisco AG de Miranda: Venezuela freedom fighter, dies at 66
- 1830Anthony FRE Haersolte: Member of Executing Regime, dies at 73
- 1873Ferdinand David: Dutch violinist / composer, dies at 63
- 1895Alexander Ewing: Composer, dies at 65
- 1902Mark M Antokolski: Russian / French sculptor, dies at 58
- 1904S J Paul Kruger: General / President South-Africa (1883-1904), dies at 78
- 1908William Mason: Composer, dies at 79
- 1923Louis Ganne: Composer, dies at 61
- 1943Johannes F "Frits" Bakker, Sr.: Actor
- 1954Jacinto Benavente y Martinez: Spanish playwright, dies at 87
- 1956Jaroslav Ridky: Composer, dies at 58
- 1958Abdoel Illah: Crown Prince of Iraq, murdered
- 1958Emil Barth: Writer, dies at 58
- 1958Faisal II: King of Iraq (1939-58), assassinated at Baghdad
- 1958Franciscus J Feron: Vicar-General of Roermond, dies at 62
- 1958Noeri el-Said: Premier of Iraq, murdered
- 1959Grock [Adrien Wettach]: Swiss clown / circus director, dies at 79
- 1965Adlai Stevenson: US amb to UN / Presidential Candidate (D, 1952, 56)
- 1968Konstatin G Paustovski: Russian sailor / author, dies at 76
Events on Jul 15
- 10991st Crusaders capture and plunder Jerusalem
- 1205Pope Innocent III states Jews are doomed to perpetual servitude and subjugation due to crucifixion of Jesus
- 1410Battle of Tannenburg-Teutonic Knights vs. King Ladislas II of Poland
- 1500"Blood Wedding" of Astorre Baglione and Lavinia Colonna in Perugia family Baglione massacre
- 1500Duke Albrecht of Saxon beats Friese rebellion
- 1501Explorer Pedro Cabral back in Lisbon
- 1524Emperor Karel I bans German national synode
- 1538Peace talks between Karel and King Francois I
- 1755French ambassador recalled from London
- 1779US troops under General A Wayne conquer Ft Stony Point, New York
- 17831st steamboat, Pyroscaphe, 1st run in France
- 1787Parliament of Paris banished to Troyes
- 1795"Marseillaise" becomes French national anthem
- 1806Zebulon Pike began his journey to explore the Southwest
- 1808French marshal Joachim Murat becomes King of Naples
- 1815Napoleon Bonaparte captured
- 1815Napoleon surrendered and is later exiled on St. Helena
- 18303 Indian tribes, Sioux, Sauk and Fox, signs a treaty giving the US most of Minnesota, Iowa and Missouri
- 1840England, Russia, Austria and Prussia signs Quadruple Alliance
- 1856Natal forms as a British colony separate from Cape Colony
- 1862CSS Arkansas vs. USS Cardondelet and Queen of the West engage at Yazoo R
- 1863President Davis orders service duty for confederate army
- 1864Troop train loaded with Confederate prisoners collided with a coal train killing 65 and injuring 109 of 955 aboard
- 1870Georgia becomes last confederate to be readmitted to US
- 1870Manitoba becomes 5th Canadian province and NW Territories created
- 1888Bandai volcano (Japan) erupts for 1st time in 1,000 years
- 1893Commodore Perry arrives in Japan
- 1900President Steyn / General De Law escape Brandwater Basin
- 1901New York Giant Christy Mathewson no-hits St. Louis, 5-0
- 1902Ranjitsinhji scores 180 before lunch, for Sussex vs. Surrey
Born on Jul 15
- 1638Giovanni Buonaventura Viviani: Composer
- 1700Johann Christoph Richter: Composer
- 1701Pierre Joubert: Became oldest known Canadian (113 y 124 d at death)
- 1704August Gottlieb Spangenberg: Founder of Moravian Church in North America
- 1798Charles H Bell: Comm (Union Navy), died in 1875
- 1802John Barnett: Composer
- 1808Henry Cole: Promotor (Great Exhibition of 1851)
- 1808Henry Edward Manning: Cardinal / Archbishop (Westminster)
- 1812Benno Adam: Animal painter
- 1817John Fowler: English engineer (London Metropolitan Railway)
- 1818Heinrich Esser: Composer
- 1848Vilfredo F D Pareto: Italian economist / sociologist
- 1849Moritz Heuzenroeder: Composer
- 1850Francesca Xavier Cabrini [Mother Cabrini]: 1st US Saint
- 1864Marie Tempest [Marie Susan Etherington]: Actress (Yellow Sands)
- 1865Alfred Charles William Harmsworth: 1st viscount Northcliffe
- 1867Maggie Mitchell Walker: 1st woman bank director / philanthropist
- 1870Ernest Walker: Composer
- 1875Frank "Pop" Morgenweck: Basketball hall of famer (elected 1962)
- 1875Jean van den Eeckhoudt: Belgian painter
- 1878Willem Paerels: Netherlands -- Belgian painter / graphic artist
- 1884Enrique Soro Barriga: Composer
- 1889Marjorie Rambeau: San Francisco, California -- Actress (Primrose Path, Torch Song)
- 1892Walter Benjamin: German literature critic / writer
- 1893Enid Bennett: Australia -- Silent film actress (Skippy, Hairpins)
- 1898Noel Gay [Richard Moxon Armitage]: Composer
- 1898Norman Demuth: Composer
- 1902Jean Rey: Belgium -- President of European Commission (1967-70)
- 1902Raymond Hackett: NYC, New York -- Husband of Blanche Sweet / actor (Faithless Lover)
- 1906Edmund Davies: British lord of appeal
Died on Jul 15
- 0668Constantius II: Emperor of Byzantium, dies at 37
- 1085Robert Guiscard: Duke of Apulia and Calabria, dies at 70
- 1274John F Bonaventura: Ital / French Theologist / dominican / saint
- 1291Rudolf I: King of Germany and Holy Roman Empire
- 1381John Ball: English priest / ideologist of Boer uprising, hanged
- 1411Johannes Parvus [Jean Petit]: French theologist
- 1416John: Duke of Berry, captain of Paris
- 1417Willem J Eggert: Financier (W E Center, Purmerend)
- 1609Annibale Carracci: Painter
- 1685James Scott: Duke of Monmouth, illegitimate Son of Charles 2, executed
- 1738Alexander Voznitsyn: Rus Naval officer converted to Judaism, executed
- 1738Antonio Maria Pacchioni: Composer, dies at 84
- 1738Baruch Leibov: Converted Russian Naval officer to Judaism, executed
- 1751John Wilson: Botanist
- 1765Charles Andrew Vanloo: Painter
- 1782Farinelli: Italian singer, dies at 77
- 1782Robert Wainwright: Composer, dies at 33
- 1784Johan B Straub: South German sculptor
- 1789Jacques Duphly: Composer, dies at 74
- 1798Gaetano Pugnani: Composer, dies at 66
- 1810Jean-Baptiste Rey: Composer, dies at 75
- 1839Winthrop Mackworth Praed: Politician / poet
- 1854Wincenty Studzinski: Composer, dies at 39
- 1856Margaretha J de Neufville: Author (The Kidnap), dies at 81
- 1857Carl Czerny: Austrian pianist / composer, dies at 66
- 1862David Emanuel Twiggs: US Confederate General Major (Monterrey), dies at 72
- 1865Reinier C Bakhuizen van de Brink: Dutch historian, dies at 55
- 1868William Thomas Morton: Dentist (1st to use ether)
- 1869A J Hayne: Black captain of Arkansas militia, assassinated
- 1876Aleksander Fredro: Polish comedy writer (Zemstra), dies at 82