Events on Jul 17
- 0180Christenen Cittinus / Donatus / Natzalus / Secunda / Speratus / Vestia sentenced to death in Carthago
- 0561John III begins his reign as Catholic Pope succeeding Pelagius I
- 0855St. Leo IV ends his reign as Catholic Pope
- 1054Emperor Henry III crowns his son Henry IV King
- 1070Arnulf III the Hapless becomes Earl of Flanders
- 1203Venetianen conquer Constantinople, Emperor Alexius III flees
- 1245Pope bans Emperor Frederik II Hohenstaufen for 3rd time
- 1393Osmanen occupy Turnovo, Bulgaria
- 1429Dauphin crowned King of France
- 14531st battle at Castillon: French beat English troops
- 1473Charles the Stout conquerors Nijmegen
- 1509Venice recaptures Padua
- 1549Jews are expelled from Ghent Belgium
- 1552Siena drives Spanish troops out of Verdun
- 1583Spanish and Walloon troops conquer Dunkerk
- 1585English secret service discovers Anthony Babingtons murder plot against Queen Elizabeth I
- 1596At 10:30AM Dutch explorer Willem Barents arrives at Novaya Zemlya
- 1603Sir Walter Ralegh arrested
- 1727Simon van Slingelandt appointed Dutch pension advisor
- 1740Prospero Lambertini chosen Pope Benedictus XIV
- 1774Captain Cook arrives at New Hebrides (Vanuata)
- 17751st military hospital approved
- 1788Russian fleet destroys Swedish
- 1794African Church of St. Thomas in Philadelphia, dedicated
- 1821Spain cedes Florida to US
- 1841British humor magazine "Punch" 1st published
- 1850Harvard Observatory takes 1st photograph of a star (Vega)
- 1856Sunday school excursion train collides killing 46 children (Philadelphia)
- 1861Congress authorizes paper money
- 1861Manassas, VA General Beauregard requests reinforcements for his 22,000 men, General Johnston is ordered to Manassas
Born on Jul 17
- 1674Isaac Watts: England, United Kingdom -- Writer / preacher / hymnist (Horae Lyrican)
- 1744Elbridge Gerry: (DR) 5th VP (Mass-Gov), invented gerrymandering
- 1763Johannes H van der Palm: Dutch theologist / Minister of Education
- 1763John Jacob Astor: Germany -- Richest man in US, banker / fur trader
- 1775August Harder: Composer
- 1817Ignace Xavier Joseph Leybach: Composer
- 1827Frederick A Able: English chemist / inventor (cordiet)
- 1830Eelco Refer: Linguist (Dictionary for the Dutch translator)
- 1832Johan August Soderman: Composer
- 1839Friedrich Gernsheim: Composer
- 1853Francesco Fanciulli: Composer
- 1871Lyonel C A Feininger: US cartoonist / painter
- 1873Antonina Neshdanova: Russian soprano (Rigoletto)
- 1875Donald Francis Tovey: Eton, England -- Musicologist / composer
- 1876Maxim M Litvinov [Meyer H Wallach]: Russian diplomat
- 1876Rosa Jackson Lumpkin: Georgia, United States -- Lived to be 115 (died in 1991)
- 1876Vittorio Gnecchi: Composer
- 1878Henri Zagwijn: Composer
- 1883Bart de Ligt: Anti militarist theologist (Acting Peace)
- 1883Mauritz Stiller: Swedish actor / director (Erotikon)
- 1885Benjamin James Dale: Composer
- 1888Shmuel Agnon: Israel -- Novelist (Day Before Yesterday-Nobel 1966)
- 1894Mary Clare: London, England -- Actress (Evil Mind, Young & Innocent)
- 1897Elbert Parr Tuttle: Lawyer / judge
- 1898Berenice Abbott: Springfield, Ohio -- Photographer (World of Atget)
- 1902Christina Stead: Australia -- Novelist (Man Who Loved Children)
- 1903Valerian Mikhaylovich Bogdanov-Berezovsky: Composer
- 1904Jef Alpaerts: Flemish pianist / conductor
- 1905Norman Waterhouse Lees: Jazz fan
- 1905William Gargan: Brooklyn, New York -- Actor (Dynamite, Ellery Queen)
Died on Jul 17
- 0924Edward [the Older]: English speaking King (899-924)
- 1025Boleslaw I Chobry [the brave]: Duke / King of Poland
- 1070Boudouin VI: Count of Flanders / Henegouwen
- 1510Tree of Commonwealth: Beheaded at about 48
- 1627Lieven de Key: Flemish master builder (Vleeshal), dies at about 67
- 1682Johann Heinrich Kittel: Composer, dies at 29
- 1709Pascal Collasse: Composer, dies at 60
- 1746Anthonie van de Heim: Dutch pension advisor (1737-46), dies at 53
- 1762Peter III Fjodorovitsj: Emperor of Russia (1762), dies at 34
- 1763Wenzel Raimund Pirck: Composer, dies at 45
- 1793Charlotte Corday: Murderer (Jean-Paul Marat), is guillotined
- 1794Jean-Frederic Edelmann: Composer, dies at 45
- 1826Joseph Graetz: Composer, dies at 65
- 1838John Whites: Hydraulic engineer, dies at 82
- 1851Beni Egressy: Composer, dies at 37
- 1863James Johnston Pettigrew: US attorney / Confederate, dies at 35
- 1864Daniel McCook, Jr.: US Union Brigadier General, dies at 29
- 1864Dirk Dark Curtius: Attorney / liberal Minister of Justice, dies at 71
- 1871Karl Tausig: Composer, dies at 29
- 1875Gabor Matray: Composer, dies at 77
- 1878Aleardo [Gaetano] Aleardi: Italian / Aust Poet (Tre Fiumi), dies at 65
- 1901John Farmer: Composer, dies at 64
- 1903James A McNeill Whistler: US / British writer (Bride Tomorrow), dies at 69
- 1915Francesco Fanciulli: Composer, dies on 62nd birthday
- 1918Aleksei N Romanov: Son of tsar Nicolas II, executed at 13
- 1918Alexandra Fjodorova: Wife of tsar Nicolas II, shot to death at 46
- 1918Anastasia N Romanova: Daughter of tsar Nicholas, executed at 17
- 1918Botkin: Personal Physician of tsar Nicolas II, shot to death
- 1918Charitonov: Cook of tsar Nicolas II, shot to death
- 1918Demidova: Lady in waiting of tsar Nicolas II, shot to death
Historical events on July 18
- 1290King Edward I of England orders expulsion of Jews
- 1330Battle of Velbuzd
- 1572Willem van Orange recognized as Viceroy of Holland / Friesland / Utrecht
- 1588Admiral Howard beats Spanish Armada
- 1630Spanish troops occupy Mantua
- 1716Decree orders all Jews expelled from Brussels
- 1737Battle at Banja Luka: Turkish army beats Austrians
- 17431st half-page newspaper ad is published (NY Weekly Journal)
- 1753Lemuel Haynes, escapes from slave holder in Framingham, Massachusetts
- 1766Society of the Dutch Literary forms
- 1814British capture Prairie du Chien (Wisc)
- 1853Completion of Grand Trunk Line, trains begin running over 1st North American railroad between Portland, Maine and Montreal
- 1862Battle of Newburgh, IN - captured by Union forces
- 1863Battle of Fort Wagner, SC - Second assault US1500 CS174
- 1864President Lincoln asks for 500,000 volunteers for milt service
- 1870Pontifical infalliability proclaimed
- 1872Britain introduces secret ballot voting
- 1882Louisville Tony Mullane is 1st to pitch righty then lefty
- 18962nd US Golf Open: James Foulis shoots a 152 at Shinnecock Hills, New York
- 18973rd US Golf Open: James Foulis wins
- 1897Cap Anson, is 1st to get 3,000 hits
- 1907French troops occupy Casablanca
- 1912Chicago Cubs get 21 hits but lose to Philadelphia Phillies in 11 innings
- 1913After 68 straight innings Christy Mathewson gives up a walk
- 1914US army air service 1st comes into being, in Signal Corps
- 19152nd Battle of Isonzo begins and ends with loss of 280,000 men
- 1915Boston Braves start move from last place to become world series champs
- 1918US and French forces launch Aisne-Marne offensive in WWI
- 1921Black Sox trial begins in Chicago
- 1925Hitler publishes Mein Kampf
Born on July 18
- 1340Philip van Artevelde: Wine salesman / lord lt of Flanders
- 1534Zacharias Ursinus: German theologist (Heidelberger Catechism)
- 1552Rudolf II [of Habsburg]: Emperor of Germany (1576-1612)
- 1634Joannes Camphuys: Governor-General of Dutch-Indies (1684-91)
- 1635Robert Hooke: Isle of Wight, United Kingdom -- Physicist (Micrographia)
- 1670Giovanni Battista Bononcini: Italian (opera)composer
- 1711Pierre-Joseph Le Blan: Composer
- 1720Gilbert White: "father of British naturalists"
- 1766Friedrich Fleischmann: Composer
- 1810Peter Singer: Composer
- 1811William Makepeace Thackeray: England, United Kingdom -- Victorian Novelist (Vanity Fair)
- 1823Leonard Fulton Ross: Brigadier General (Union volunteers), died in 1901
- 1827Pierre L Goossens: Archbishop of Mechelen / Cardinal
- 1853Hendrik Antoon Lorentz: Holland, Netherlands -- Physicist (Nobel 1902)
- 1862Napoleon V Bonaparte: French pretender to throne
- 1862Nikolaj N Yudenitcch: Russian General / counter-revolutionary
- 1864Ricarda Huch: Writer
- 1865Laurence Housman: England, United Kingdom -- Author / playwright (Victoria Regina)
- 1870Emil Mlynarski: Composer
- 1871Giacomo Balla: Italian painter (Dog at a Rope)
- 1872Julius Fucik: Composer
- 1880Otto Vrieslander: Composer
- 1882Manuel Galvez: Argentina -- Writer / poet / historian (Paraguay)
- 1887Vidkun Al Quisling: Norwegian Minister of Defense / Premier (1942-45)
- 1888Alexander Rosemeier: Indonesian / Dutch painter
- 1888Sydney Horler: English detective writer
- 1890Charles Wilson: President of General Motors (1940-53) / Secretary of Defense (1953-57)
- 1891Gene Lockhart: NYC, New York -- Actor (Going My Way, Christmas Carol)
- 1893Josef Huttel: Composer
- 1893Richard Dix: St. Paul, Minnesota -- Actor (10 Commandments, Cimarron)
Died on July 18
- 0640Arnulf: Bishop of Metz (614-640) / politician, dies at about 58
- 1100Godfried IV van Bouillon: Count of Antwerp
- 1374Francesco Petrarch: Italian Poet (Italia Mia), dies at 69
- 1591Jakob Handl [Petelin]: Austrian Composer / bandmaster, dies at 40
- 1608Joachim III Frederik: Ruler (Brandenburg), dies at 61
- 1639Bernard: Duke of Saksen-Weimar (Rheinfelden)
- 1642Willem Earl of Nassau-Siegen: Gov of Ft Emmerik / Heusden
- 1650Christoph Scheiner: German astronomer, dies at 74
- 1695Joannes Camphuys: Governor-General of Dutch-Indies, dies at 61
- 1710Michelangelo Merisi da Caravaggio: Ital painter, dies at 36
- 1721Jean Antoine Watteau: French painter
- 1735Johann Krieger: Composer, dies at 83
- 1817Jane Austen: Writer
- 1831Thomas Greatorex: Composer, dies at 72
- 1833Joseph Comb: Missionary to Moluccas, dies at 63
- 1854Abbas Hilmi I: Viceroy of Egypt, dies at about 41
- 1863William Dorsey Pender: US Confederate General Major, dies of injuries at 29
- 1894Leconte de Lisle: Writer, dies at 75
- 1898Emil Hartmann: Composer, dies at 62
- 1899Horatio Alger, Jr.: American clergyman / Author (Disagreeeable Woman)
- 1901Alfredo Carlo Piatti: Composer, dies at 79
- 1908Jaime Nuno: Composer, dies at 83
- 1915George William Louis Marshall-Hall: Composer, dies at 53
- 1938Vladimir M Kirshon: Russian playwright, executed at 35
- 1939Witold Maliszewski: Composer, dies at 65
- 1941Dionyssios Lavrangas: Composer, dies at 80
- 1944George A Hartland: English MP (Norwich 1931-35), dies at 60
- 1950Carl Clinton Van Doren: US literary (The Nation), dies at 64
- 1956Willem J A Kerncamp: Dutch overseas minister (Islam & Woman), dies at 57
- 1958Henry Farman: French aviation pioneer (double decker), dies at 84
Events on Jul 19
- 0064Circus Maximus in Rome catches fire
- 0532Start of Dionysian Pascal Cycle
- 1195Battle at Alarcos: Almohaden beats Alfons VIII of Castilia
- 1425Duke John VI van Brabant pledges Holland / Zealand to Philip the Good
- 151038 Jews are burned at stake in Berlin Prussia
- 1525Catholic German monarchy form Union of Dessau
- 1551Treaty of Karlsburg: Archduke Ferdinand of Austria recognized as King of Hungary / Transsylvania
- 1575Spanish Viceroy Gilles of Hierges attacks Oudewater
- 1599Jacob van Necks Merchant fleet leaves Java
- 1639French troops occupy Salses, at Perpignan
- 1674Court of Holland bans books of Hobbes / Spinoza / Meyer
- 1688Soldiers killed Governor of Aerssen in Paramaribo
- 1816Survivors of French frigate Medusa rescued off Senegal after 17 days
- 1836HMS Beagle / Charles Darwin reaches Ascension
- 1848German Parliament demands Dutch province of Limburg
- 1850Airship Elizabeth leaves in storm for Fire Island, crashes (42 die)
- 18601st railroad reaches Kansas
- 1866Tennessee is 1st to ratify 14th Amendment, guaranteeing civil rights
- 1867Dutch Red Cross forms
- 1867Reconstruction enacted
- 1870France declares war on Prussia; Franco-Prussian war begins
- 1875Emma Abbott, a floating hospital for sick kids, makes trial trip, New York City
- 18771st Wimbledon Mens Tennis: Spencer W Gore beats Marshall (61 62 64)
- 1880San Francisco Public Library starts lending books
- 1899National Brotherhood of Electrical Workers, forms
- 1902New York Giants lose their 1st game under new manager John McGraw
- 1904Dutch Premier Kuypers disbands 1st Chamber
- 1908Feyenoord soccer team forms in Rotterdam
- 1909Cleveland shortstop Neal Ball executes an unassisted triple play
- 1910Cy Young registers his 500th career victory
Born on Jul 19
- 1592Erhard Buttner: Composer
- 1735Garret Wesley Mornington: Composer
- 1742Jean-Baptiste Davaux: Composer
- 1750Alessio Prati: Composer
- 1782Jonathan Blewitt: Composer
- 1789John Martin: English painter
- 1797Johann Gottlieb Schneider: Composer
- 1811Vincenz Lachner: Composer
- 1814Samuel Colt: US inventor (Colt 6 shot revolver)
- 1817Mary Ann Ball Bickerdyke: United States -- Army nurse (union)
- 1819Gottfried Keller: Writer
- 1823George Henry Gordon: Bvt Major General (Union volunteers)
- 1828Roger Atkinson Pryor: Brigadier General (Confederate Army), died in 1919
- 1833John Wesley Turner: Bvt Major General (Union Army), died in 1899
- 1834Edgar Degas: France -- Impressionist painter (Bouquet)
- 1838Joel Asaph Allen: US zoologist (Rule of Allen)
- 1846Charles Edward Pickering: Pioneered American spectroscopist
- 1848Cornelis A Pekelharing: Artist (fabric seller)
- 1849F A Alphonse Aulard: French historian
- 1851Hendrik J Jut: Dutch murderer (head of Jut)
- 1863Hermann Bahr: Austria -- Writer / director (New Men)
- 1873Louis Zimmermann: Violinist / 1st Concert Master of Concert building
- 1878Robert H Woltjer: Classical / AR-1st-Member of parliament (About Plato)
- 1879Hendrik G Cannegieter: Meteorology / director (KNMI)
- 1881Friedrich J H Dessauer: German physicist (radiologist)
- 1894Joris [Georges] of Severen: Flemish fascist / Member of parliament
- 1896Archibald J Cronin: England, United Kingdom -- Author (Citadel, Shining Victory)
- 1898Juan Bautista Plaza-Alfonzo: Composer
- 1899Paul de Groot: Dutch communist politician (CPN) / Editor (The Truth)
- 1900Arno Breker: German sculptor (3rd Reich sculptor)
Died on Jul 19
- 0514Symmachus: Italian Pope (498-514)
- 1054Bernold[us] Benno / Bernulphus: Bishop of Utrecht (1027-54) / saint
- 1234Floris IV: Count of Holland, killed in tournament
- 1346Dirk IV: Mister of Valkenburg (1332-46), dies in battle
- 1374Francesco Petrarca [Petracco]: Italian mountaineer / poet, dies at 69
- 1534Willem van Enkenvoirt: Cardinal / Bishop of Utrecht, dies at about 70
- 1545George Carew: English Admiral, drowns
- 1545Roger Grenville: English captain of Mary Rose, drowns
- 1625Samuel Besler: Composer, dies at 50
- 1627Dirck R "Didericus" Camphuysen: Poet / printer / vicar, dies at about 41
- 1700Hieronymus Gradenthaler: Composer, dies at 62
- 1740Francois van Aerssen: Dutch Vice-Admiral (Suriname), dies at 71
- 1742John-Baptist Xavery: Flemish sculptor, dies at 45
- 1810Luise: Queen of Prussia / Wife of Frederik Willem III, dies at 34
- 1811Christian Gotthilf Tag: Composer, dies at 76
- 1814Matthew Flinders: English cartographer (Australia coast), dies at 40
- 1838Frederic Nicolas Duvernoy: Composer, dies at 72
- 1844Heinrich Domnich: Composer, dies at 77
- 1847Johann Wilhelm Wilms: Composer, dies at 75
- 1850[Sarah] Margaret Fuller Ossoli: US feminist / revolutionary
- 1850Giovanni Ossoli: Italian Marquis / revolutionary, drowned
- 1852Anne-Francois Mellinet: French / Belgian General (Antwerp), dies at 83
- 1895Charles T Stork: Great industrialist (cotton mach factory), dies at 73
- 1895Ernest H Baillon: French Botanist (History of Plants), dies at 67
- 1907Hector H Malot: French lawyer / Author (Alone in the World), dies at 77
- 1914Alexander Conze: German archaeologist, dies at 82
- 1918Joost van Vollenhoven: Netherlands -- Governor-General (French West-Africa)
- 1922Cornelis A Pekelharing: Dutch histologist, dies on 74th birthday
- 1930Robert Stout: Prime Minister of New Zealand (1884-87), dies at 85
- 1940Samuel H Chang: US newspaper magnate, murdered in Shanghai