Events on Aug 31
- 1230Utrecht Bishop Willebrand grants Swells state justice
- 1310German King Heinrich VII makes his son Johan King of Bohemia
- 1535Pope Paul II deposed and excommunicated King Henry VIII
- 1751English troops under sir Robert Clive occupy Arcot India
- 1772Hurricane destroy ships off Dominica
- 1778British kill 17 Stockbridge indians in Bronx during Revolution
- 1829Opera "Guillaume Tell" is produced (Paris)
- 1836HMS Beagle anchors in Postage Praia, Cape Verde Islands
- 1842Micah Rugg patents a nuts and bolts machine
- 1842US Naval Observatory authorized by an act of Congress
- 1843Liberty Party nominates James Birneyas presidential candidate
- 1850California pioneers organized at Montgomery and Clay Streets
- 1864Atlanta Campaign-Battle of Jonesboro Georgia, 1900 casualties
- 18861st major earthquake recorded in eastern US, at Charleston SC, 110 die
- 1886Crocker-Woolworth National Bank organized
- 1887Thomas A Edison patents Kinetoscope, (produces moving pictures)
- 1889Start of Sherlock Holmes adventure "Cardboard Box" (BG)
- 1894Phillies Billy Hamilton steals 7 bases
- 18951st pro football game (QB John Brallier paid $10 andwon 12-0)
- 1897General Kitchener occupies Berber, North of Khartoum
- 1897Thomas Edison patented his movie camera (Kinetograph)
- 1900British troops over run Johannesburg
- 1902Split skirt 1st worn by Mrs Adolph Landeburg (horse rider)
- 1903Joe McGinnity wins his 3rd doubleheader of month
- 190525th US Mens Tennis: Beals C Wright beats Holcombe Ward (62 61 119)
- 1905Mbunga-rebellion takes German Fort Mahenge East-Africa
- 1907Britain and Russia sign treaty with Afghanistan, Persia and Tibet
- 1907England, Russia and France form Triple Entente
- 1909A J Reach Co patents cork-centered baseball
- 1909Thure Johnstown wins Stockholm marathon (2:40:34.2)
Born on Aug 31
- 0161Lucius A A Coomodus: Emperor of Rome (180-91)
- 1569Djehangir / Jahangir: Great mogol of India
- 1602Amalia: Countess of Solms-Braunfels, Wife of Gov Frederik Hendrik
- 1663Guillaume Amontons: French physicist
- 1696Johann Paul Kunzen: Composer
- 1741Johann Paul Aegidius Martini: Composer
- 1748Jean-Etienne Despreaux: Composer
- 1749Radistschew: Writer
- 1755Johann Ignaz Walter: Composer
- 1775Francois de Paule Jacques Raymond de Fossa: Composer
- 1811Goode Bryan: Brigadier General (Confederate Army), died in 1885
- 1821Vaclav Hugo Zavrtal: Composer
- 1822Fitz John Porter: Major General (Union volunteers), died in 1901
- 1823Galusha Aaron Grow: MC (Union), died in 1907
- 1828George Leonard Andrews: Bvt Major General (Union volunteers)
- 1852Georges / Joris Helleputte: Belgian Catholic minister
- 1855Stefan Surzynski: Composer
- 1856Nikoghayos Fadeyi Tigranyan: Composer
- 1864Max Wilhelm Zach: Composer
- 1870Maria Montessori: Italy -- Educator (spontaneous response)
- 1878Albert Riemenschneider: Composer
- 1879Joshihito: Emperor of Japan (1912-26)
- 1879Viktor Alexandrovich Uspensky: Composer
- 1880Wilhelmina HPM: Queen of the Netherlands (1898-1948)
- 1884George Al Sarton: Belgian / US historian
- 1885DuBose Heyward: Novelist (Porgy)
- 1887Friedrich A Paneth: Austrian / British chemist
- 1888Ramon de Basterra: Spanish writer / diplomat (La Obra de Trajano)
- 1889A Provost Idell: Father of modern volleyball
- 1895Joseph Moiseyevich Schillinger: Composer
Died on Aug 31
- 1057Leofric: Count of Mercia / husband of Lady Godiva
- 1218Al-Malik ab-Adil / Saphadin / Saif al-Din: Brother of Saladin
- 1422Henry V: King of England (1413-22) / France (1416-19)
- 1590Floris Thin: Politician / land advocate of Utrecht
- 1604Giovanale Ancina: Composer, dies at 58
- 1616Gemignano Capilupi: Composer, dies at 43
- 1631Nicolaus Erich: Composer, dies at 43
- 1638John Ward: Composer, dies at 67
- 1667Johann Rist: Composer, dies at 60
- 1795Francois-Andre Danican Philidor: Composer, dies at 68
- 1832Jean Nicolas Auguste Kreutzer: Composer, dies at 53
- 1862George William Taylor: US Union Brigadier General, dies in battle
- 1862Ignaz Assmayer: Composer, dies at 72
- 1864Ferdinand Lassalle: French politician (ADA), dies at 39
- 1867[Pierre-]Charles Baudelaire: French Poet (Journaux Intimes), dies at 46
- 1873Charles F Pahud de Montagnes: Governor-General (Dutch East Indies), dies at 70
- 1875Oskar Peschel: German geographer (Physicist Erdkunde), dies at 49
- 1879William Barber: 6th US chief engraver (1844-79)
- 1888Mary Ann Nicholls: A 42-year-old prostitute, was found stabbed to death in London, 1st of at least five murders by Jack the Ripper
- 1902Mathilde Wesendonk: German Author / poetess, dies at 73
- 1910Emils Darzins: Composer, dies at 34
- 1918Joe English: Irish / Flemish signaler (WWI), dies at 36
- 1920Wilhelm Wundt: German physiologist / psychologist / philosopher
- 1931Marcel Planiol: French private law scholar
- 1934Johan H A Schaper: Dutch MP (SDAP)
- 1935Abraham Isaac Kook: Rabbi / Author (Hokhmat Ha-kodesh)
- 1940Johanna "Annie" Bakker: Revue-artists / singer / actress, dies at 58
- 1941Marian Zwetajewa: Writer
- 1942Von Bismarck: German major General, (Africa Corps), dies in battle
- 1944Killinger: German ambassador to Romania, commits suicide
Historical events on September 1
- 0069Traditional date of destruction of Jerusalem
- 0891Northmen defeated near Louvaine, France
- 1067Boudouin VI becomes Earl of Flanders
- 1181Ubaldo Allucingoli replaces Alexander III as Pope Lucius III
- 1267Rabbi Moses Ben Nachman establishes a Jewish community in Jerusalem
- 1482Krim-Tataren plunders Kiev
- 1511Council to Pisa opens
- 1535French navigator Jacques Cartier reaches Hochelaga (Montreal)
- 1547Charles demands creation of Imperial League (German state)
- 1598Spanish King Philip II receives sacraments
- 1609Pieter Both sworn in as 1st Governor-General of East Indies
- 1614Vincent Fettmich expels Jews from Frankfurt-on-Main, Germany
- 1647French Cardinal Mazarin and Duke of Modena sign treaty against Milan
- 1666Great London Fire begins in Pudding Lane. 80% of London is destroyed
- 1695Dutch / English army under King Willem III occupies Names
- 1730Benjamin Franklin marries Miss Read
- 173935 Jews sentenced to life in prison in Lisbon Portugal
- 1752Liberty Bell arrives in Philadelphia
- 1772Mission San Luis Obispo de Tolosa forms in California
- 1785Mozart publishes 6 string quartet opus 10 in Vienna
- 17972nd National Meeting in Hague
- 1798England signs treaty with nizam of Hyderabad, India
- 1799Bank of Manhattan Company opens in NYC (forerunner to Chase Manhattan)
- 1807Aaron Burr acquitted of charges of plotting to set up an empire
- 18211st colonies along Santa Fe Trail
- 1831Charles Darwin travels aboard HMS Beagle
- 1836Reconstruction begins on Synagogue of Rabbi Judah Hasid in Jerusalem
- 1849California Constitutional Convention held in Monterey
- 18581st transatlantic cable fails after less than 1 month
- 18591st Pullman sleeping car in service
Born on September 1
- 1529Taddeo Zuccari: Italian painter
- 1608Giacomo Torelli: Composer
- 1653Johann Pachelbel: Composer
- 1689Kilian I von Dientzenhofer: Bavarian master builder (Prague)
- 1711Willem IV KH Friso: Dutch Prince of Orange-Nassau
- 1712Simon Fokke: Dutch book illustrator
- 1724John Nieuwenhuijzen: Theologist / co-founder (Society of It General)
- 1732Johann Gottlieb Sollner: Composer
- 1732Thomas Alexander Erskine Kelly: Composer
- 1758Wilhelmus Kist: Writer / Director of Dutch Staatscourant
- 1768Carl Bernhard Wessely: Composer
- 1787John Bake: Classical composer
- 1789Franz Anton Adam Stockhausen: Composer
- 1791Lydia Sigourney: United States -- Religious author (How to Be Happy)
- 1798Richard Delafield: Bvt Major General (Union Army), died in 1873
- 1803Jacobus T Abels: Dutch painter
- 1816Gustav Schmidt: Composer
- 1824Isaac Hardin Duval: Bvt Major General (Union volunteers), died in 1902
- 1827Jacobus J Cremer: Painter / author (Overbetuwsche Novellen)
- 1829James Conner: Brigadier General (Confederate Army), died in 1883
- 1834Amilcare Ponchielli: Italian composer (I promissory note sposi)
- 1845Paul S Methuen: English Field Marshal / Governor of Natal / Malta
- 1849Elizabeth Harrison: United States -- Educator (National Congress of Parents & Teachers)
- 1862Adolphe Appia: Switzerland -- Set designer / theorist
- 1864Roger David Casement: Irish nationalist (Easter uprising 1916)
- 1866James "Gentleman Jim" Corbett: Heavyweight champion boxer (1892-97)
- 1870Timotei Popovici: Composer
- 1873Guy Standing: English actor (Cradle Song)
- 1874Heinrich Otto Ludwig: Composer
- 1874Ismar Elbogen: German / US rabbi (Encyclopedia Judaica)
Died on September 1
- 1067Boudouin V: Earl of Flanders / guardian of King of France
- 1159Adrian IV [Nicole Breakspear]: Only English Pope (1154-59)
- 1215Otto van Gelre: Son of Otto I / earl-elect of Utrecht
- 1406Johanna: Duchess of Brabant / Limburg (Joyful Entry), dies at 84
- 1648Marin Mersenne: French Mathematician (Number of Mersenne), dies at 59
- 1666French Neck: Portrait Painter (Women Portrait), dies at about 86
- 1671Hugues de Lionne Marquis de Berny: French ambassador to Rome
- 1680Johan Georg II: Ruler of Saxon (1656-80), dies at 67
- 1715Louis XIV [the Great]: King of France (1643-1715), dies at 76
- 1731Pierre Danican Philidor: Composer, dies at 50
- 1777Johann Ernst Bach: Composer, dies at 55
- 1780Reynier de Klerk: Governor-General of Dutch-Indies (1777-1800), dies at 69
- 1801Robert Bage: English writer (Hermsprong)
- 1814Erik Eriksson Tulindberg: Composer, dies at 53
- 1838William Clark: 2nd lt of Lewis & Clark Expedition, dies at 68
- 1862Isaac Ingalls Stevens: US Union General Major, dies in battle at 44
- 1862Oliver Tilden: Of the Bronx, killed in Civil War in Virginia
- 1862Philip "Phil" Kearny: US Union General Major, dies in battle at 48
- 1867Edward Hodges: Composer, dies at 71
- 1880Antoon Jurgens: Margarine maker, dies at 75
- 1896Johannes Habert: Composer, dies at 62
- 1903Charles Renouvier: French philosopher (neo criticism)
- 1912Sam[uel E] van Beem: Actor (Dollar Princess), dies at 62
- 1912Samuel Coleridge Taylor: African-British composer, dies at 37
- 1914Martha: Last known passenger pigeon, dies at Cincinnati Zoo
- 1941Benjamin Dwight: US tennis championship umpire
- 1945Jacobus W G Balfoort: Dutch actor (Heimwee, Head On), dies at 57
- 1951Wolfgang Schulze [Wols]: German drawer / painter, dies at 38
- 1955Philip Loeb: Actor (Jake-Goldbergs), dies at 61
- 1957Helen Haye: Actress (Girl in the Taxi, Spy in Black), dies at 83
Events on Sep 2
- 0911Viking-monarch Oleg of Kiev-Russia signs treaty with Byzantines
- 1192Sultan Saladin and King Richard the lion hearted sign cease fire
- 15191st Battle of Tehuacingo, San Salvador vs. Mexico
- 1537King Christian III publishes "Ordinance on the Danish Church"
- 1666Fire in London destroys 13,000 houses and kills 8
- 1686Habsburgse armies occupy Buda on Turks
- 1732Pope Clement XII renews anti-Jewish laws of Rome
- 1752Last day of Julian calendar in Britain, British colonies
- 1752Last Julian calender day in US and England (no September 3rd - September 13th)
- 1789US Treasury Department established by Congress
- 1792Paris masses remove nobles / clergymen out of jails and slaughter them
- 1796Jews of the Netherlands are emancipated
- 1806A side of Rossberg Peak collapses into Goldau Valley Switz, kills 500
- 1859Gas lighting introduced to Hawaii
- 1864Union General William T Sherman captures Atlanta
- 18671st Girl School opens in Haarlem Neth
- 1870Napoleon III surrenders to Prussian armies
- 1894Forest fires destroy Hinckley Minnesota: about 600 die
- 1897McCall-magazine 1st published
- 1898Battle of Omdurman: Lord Kitchener retakes Sudan for Britain
- 1898Machine gun 1st used in battle
- 1900Telegraph use between Germany and US begins
- 1901VP Theodore Roosevelt advises, "Speak softly & carry a big stick"
- 1908Tommy Burns KOs Bill Lang in 6 for heavyweight boxing title
- 1909English King Edward VII signs South Africa Bill
- 1911Joao Chagas forms Portuguese government
- 1913Amsterdam reroutes sewage of canals to South Seas
- 1917Deutsche Vaterlands Party forms (by Admiral Tirpitz)
- 1919Communist Party of America organizes in Chicago
- 1919Italy agress to general voting right / proportional representation
Born on Sep 2
- 1661Georg Bohm: German Organist / composer
- 1716Johann Trier: Composer
- 1731Johann F von Cronegk: German playwright (Olint und Sophronia)
- 1750Pehr Frigel: Composer
- 1763Caroline von Schelling [Michaelis]: German author
- 1778Leopold FJJJ van Sassen Ysselt: Dutch politician
- 1798Thomas Holliday Hicks: (Union Gov) died in 1865
- 1814Ernst Curtius: German archaeologist / historian
- 1837James Harrison Wilson: Major General (Union volunteers), died in 1925
- 1838Liliuokalani [Lydia Paki]: Last Queen of Hawaii (1891-93)
- 1839Henry George: Land Reformer / writer (Progress & Poverty)
- 1850Albert Spaulding: Baseball player / founded Spaulding sports company
- 1850Eugene Field: Author / journalist (Little Boy Blue)
- 1853Wilhelm Ostwald: Germany -- Physical chemist (Nobel 1909)
- 1866Hiram Johnson: (Gov-Progressive-California)
- 1870Marie Ault [Mary Cragg]: Wigan, England
- 1878Werner von Blomberg: German Minister of Reichswehr
- 1884Frank Laubach: Benton, Pennsylvania -- Educator that taught reading through phonetics
- 1892Felix Wolfes: Composer
- 1894Joseph Roth: Austria -- Journalist / writer (Hotel Savoy)
- 1904Vera Vague [Barbara Jo Allen]: NYC, New York -- Actress (Follow the Leader)
- 1908Barbara Jo Allen: NYC, New York -- Actress (Ice Capades Revue, Rosie the Riveter)
- 1910Bruce Boyce: Singer / teacher
- 1911Eileen Way: Actress (Les Miserables, Rainbow, Vikings, Assassin)
- 1911Rene Amengual: Composer
- 1912Johan Daisne [Herman Thiery]: Belgian writer (magic realism)
- 1914Booker T Laury: Blues pianist / vocalist
- 1915Dai-Keong Lee: Composer
- 1915Hans Joachim Koellreutter: Composer
- 1916Dorothy May Bundy-Cheney: Winner of more than 141 US tennis titles
Died on Sep 2
- 0421Flavius Constantine III: Emperor of Westromeinse, dies at about 51
- 1384Louis I: Duke of Anjou / King of Naples (Battle of Poitiers)
- 1418Jan III Chalon: Prince of Orange / gov of Burgundy
- 1547Hernan Cortes: Spanish General defeated Aztec Indians
- 1566Taddeo Zuccari: Italian painter, dies at 37
- 1645Lady Alice Lisle: English widow of John Lisle, beheaded
- 1698Justus Vingboons: Architect, buried
- 1715Constantin Christian Dedekind: Composer, dies at 87
- 1779Onno Zwier van Hairs: Fries Poet (Agon), dies at 66
- 1790Johann N von Hontheim: German religious Historian / Bishop
- 1862Thornton F Brodhead: US lawyer / politician / Brigadier General, dies at 40
- 1870Charles Victor Arthur Saint-Leon: Composer, dies at 48
- 1891Ferdinand Christian Wilhelm Praeger: Composer, dies at 76
- 1898Hubert Howard: British journalist (Times), dies through friendly fire
- 1905Walter Cecil Macfarren: Composer, dies at 79
- 1906Guiseppe Giacosa: Ital screenwriter (libretti opera Puccini)
- 1910Henri "le Douanier" Rousseau: French ambassador / painter
- 1915August Stramm: Writer, dies at 41
- 1934Ruggiero de Rudolpho "Russ" Columbo: US singer / violist, dies at 26
- 1937Esther de Farmer-of Rich: Actress (Kniertje-On hope of blessing)
- 1937Pierre de Coubertin: Baron / revivor of Olympics, dies at 74
- 1944George W Norris: US senator (lame duck-amendement)
- 1955Rudolf Kattnigg: Composer, dies at 60
- 1957William A Craigie: Scottish lexicographer, dies at 90
- 1961Greet Koeman: Dutch singer, dies at 54
- 1964Francisco H Craveiro Lopes: Portuguese General / President (1951-58), dies at 70
- 1964Morris Ankrum: Actor (Kronos, Earth vs. Flying Saucers), dies at 67
- 1965Johannes Bobrowski: Writer, dies at 48
- 1968Ernest Claes: Belgium -- Author (The White), dies at 82
- 1969Harry Williams Millard: Producer, dies of cancer at 41