Events on Sep 21
- 1066Battle at Fulford: Norway King Harald III Hardrada beats British militia
- 1192English King Richard I the Lion hearted, captured
- 1348Jews in Zurich Switzerland are accused of poisoning wells
- 1435Treaty of Atrecht: Philip of Bourgondy vs. French King Charles II
- 1451Cardinal Nicholas of Cusa orders Jews of Holland to wear a badge
- 1589Battle at Arques: French King Henri IV beats Catholic League
- 1591French bishops recognize Henri IV as King of France
- 1621King James of England gives Canada to Sir Alexander Sterling
- 1676Benedetto Odescalchi elected as Pope Innocent XI
- 1677John and Nicolaas van der Heyden patents fire extinguisher
- 1745Battle at Preston Pans: Bonnie Prince Charles beats English army
- 1746French expeditionary army occupies Labourdonnais and Dupleix Madras
- 1776Great fire in New York
- 1776Nathan Hale, spied on British for American rebels, arrested
- 17841st daily newspaper in America (Penns Packet & General Advertiser)
- 1784Pennsylvania Packet and Daily Advertiser 1st success US daily newspaper
- 17921st French Republic forms
- 1814"Star Spangled Banner" published as a poem
- 1815King Willem I takes oath in Brussels
- 1823Moroni 1st appears to Joseph Smith, according to Smith
- 1837Charles Tiffany founded his jewelry and china stores
- 1863Union forces retreat to Chattanooga after defeat at Chickamauga
- 1872John Henry Conyers of SC becomes 1st black student at Annapolis
- 18831st direct US-Brazil telegraph connection
- 1885Dutch demonstrate for general voting right
- 1893Frank Duryea drives 1st US made gas propelled vehicle (car)
- 18951st auto manufacturer opens-Duryea Motor Wagon Company
- 1896General Kitcheners army occupies Dongola Sudan
- 1897New York Sun runs famous "Yes, Virginia there is a Santa Claus, " editorial
- 19031st cowboy film "Kit Carson, " premieres in US
Born on Sep 21
- 1372Frederik I van Hohenzollern: Monarch of Brandenburg (1417-40)
- 1415Frederick III: Innsbruck, Austria -- German Emperor (1440-1493)
- 1452Girolamo Savonarola: Monk / Reformer / Dictator of Florence (1494-98)
- 1527Matthaus Ludecus: Composer
- 1706Jacob Wilhelm Lustig: Composer
- 1728Louis Emmanuel Eadin: Composer
- 1752Louise MC: Countess of Albany
- 1756John Loudon McAdam: Created macadam road surface (asphalt)
- 1760Gaetano Valeri: Composer
- 1788Margaret Smith Taylor: 1st lady (1849-50)
- 1817Carter Littlepage Stevenson: Major General (Confederate Army)
- 1817Charles Balmer: Composer
- 1820Williams Carter Wickham: Brigadier General (Confederate Army)
- 1824Joseph Andrew Jackson Lightburn: Brigadier General (Union volunteers)
- 1827Michael Corcoran: Brigadier General (Union volunteers), died in 1863
- 1832Friedrich Wilhelm Langhans: Composer
- 1832Samuel Sprigg Carroll: Bvt Major General (Union Army), died in 1893
- 1833Josef Richard Rozkosny: Composer
- 1840Murad V: Sultan of Turkey (1876)
- 1843David Emlyn Evans: Composer
- 1849Edmund Gosse: London, England -- Translator / critic (Father & Son)
- 1853Heike Kamerlingh Onnes: Dutch physicist (liquid helium, Nobel 1913)
- 1859Cyriel Buysse: Flemish Baron / writer (Sursum Corda, Ace Knave)
- 1866Charles Jean Henri Nicolle France: Bacteriologist (Nobel-1928)
- 1867Henry Lewis Stimson: US Minister of War (1911-13)
- 1869Henryk Melcer-Szczawinski: Composer
- 1871Ernst Heldring: Dutch Merchant / ship owner / financier
- 1874Gustav Theodore Holst: Cheltenham, England -- Composer (Planets)
- 1880Henry Louis Mencken: US essayist / critic (American Mercury)
- 1882Alf Thorbald Hurum: Composer
Died on Sep 21
- 0687Conon: Sicilian Pope (686-87)
- 1327Edward II: King of England (1307-1327), assassinated at 43
- 1433Zweder van Kuilenberg: Bishop of Utrecht
- 1440Frederik I van Hohenzollern: Ruler Brandenburg (1417-40), dies at 68
- 1481Bartholomeus Platinum: Italian humanist / pontifical librarian
- 1519Hans Backofen / Backoffen: German sculptor, dies at about 49
- 1558Charles V: King of Spain (Carlos I) / Holy Roman Emperor, dies at 58
- 1576Girolamo Cardano: Italian mathematician, dies at 74
- 1586Antoine Perrenot de Granvelle: Viceroy of Naples (1571-75), dies at 69
- 1590Ascanio Trombeti: Composer, dies at 45
- 1629John Pieterszoon Coen: Merchant / Governor-General of East-Indies, dies at 42
- 1705Willem Hadriaan of Nassau: Corrupt mister of Odijck
- 1798George Read: US judge / signer (Declaration of Independence), dies at 65
- 1809Alexander Reinagle: Composer, dies at 53
- 1812Emmanuel Johann Joseph Schikaneder: Composer, dies at 61
- 1820Joseph R Drake: US Poet (American Flag), dies at 25
- 1832Walter Scott: Scottish attorney / Poet / writer (Ivanhoe)
- 1836John Stafford Smith: Composer, dies at 86
- 1839Jacob Gottfried Weber: German composer, dies at 60
- 1883Johannes van Vloten: Dutch man of letters / theologist, dies at 65
- 1905Rudolf Baumbach: Writer of German student drinking songs, dies at 64
- 1908Pablo de Sarasate: Spanish violinist / Composer (Spanish Dancer)
- 1911Arab Pasha: "al-Misri" [Pasha Ahmad Arab), Egyptian minister
- 1915Anthony Comstock: Anti-vice crusader, dies at 71 in New York City
- 1937Henri [Lucien] Capitant: French lawyer, dies at 72
- 1946Leo Bittermieux: Flemish Missionary (Congo), dies at 66
- 1947Harry Carey, Sr.: Actor / director (Red River, Sundown), dies at 69
- 1953Roger Quilter: British composer, dies at 75
- 1956Robert Mills Delaney: Composer, dies at 53
- 1957Haakon VII (CF Charles WA): Danish King of Norway (1905-57)
Historical events on September 22
- 0530Boniface II begins his reign as Catholic Pope
- 0530Discorus begins his reign as Catholic Pope
- 0530St. Felix IV ends his reign as Catholic Pope
- 1504Settle engagement of Karel of Luxembourg and Claudia the Beaujeu
- 1529Cardinal Thomas Wolsey lays-off English Lord Chancellor
- 1586Battle at Zutphen: English vs. Dutch army
- 1656All female jury hears case of woman who killed her child (acquit her)
- 1692Last (8) person hanged for witchcraft in US (Salem, Massachusetts)
- 1699People of Rotterdam strike over high cost of butter
- 1711French troops occupy Rio de Janeiro
- 1733Polish King Lesczynski flees to Danzig
- 1735Robert Walpole is 1st British Prime Minister to live at 10 Downing Street
- 1745Bonnie Prince Charlies army returns to Edinburgh
- 1753Pangeran Gusti installed as Sultan of Banten
- 1756Nassau Hall opens at Princeton University
- 1784Russian trappers established a colony on Kodiak Island, Alaska
- 1789Office of Postmaster General is created under the Treasury Department
- 1792Origin of French Republican Era
- 1817John Quincy Adams becomes Secretary of State
- 1861Fort Fauntleroy (Wingate), rapes Navaho Indians
- 1862President Lincoln, says he will free slaves in all states on Jan 1
- 1864Sheridan sets up camp in Harrisonburg, Virginia
- 1868Race riots in New Orleans, Louisiana
- 18931st auto built in US (by Duryea brothers) runs in Springfield
- 1903Italo Marchiony granted patent for ice cream cone
- 190511th US Golf Open: Willie Anderson shoots a 314 at Myopia Club, Massachusetts
- 1905Race riot in Atlanta Georgia (10 blacks & 2 whites killed)
- 1906Race riot in Atlanta Georgia, kills 21
- 1908Bulgaria declares independence from Ottoman Empire (Turkey)
- 1910Saskatchewan Rugby Football Union forms
Born on September 22
- 0130Claudius Galenus: Italian Physician / Scholar
- 1290Bilbo Baggins: (in Shire Reconning)
- 1515Anna van Kleef: Queen of England / 4th Wife of Henry VIII
- 1601Anna van Oostenrijk: Queen of France / Daughter of Philip III
- 1694Lord Chesterfield: Letter writer; introduced Gregorian calendar (1752)
- 1720Adolph Carl Kunzen: Composer
- 1729George Wilhelm Gruber: Composer
- 1733Anton Filtz: Composer
- 1738Dionysius G Van de Keessel: Lawyer (Theses Selectae)
- 1741Peter S Pallas: German geologist / zoologist (Siberia / Krim)
- 1757Herman H Vitringa: Politician (National Meetings)
- 1791Michael Faraday: Discovered principle of electric motor
- 1796Ret Cornelius Kinchiloe Stribling: Comm (Union Navy), died in 1880
- 1822Brigadier General Eppa Hunton: Fought in most ANV campaigns
- 1827John Grubb Parke: Major General (Union volunteers), died in 1900
- 1829William Worth Belknap: Bvt Major General (Union volunteers)
- 1833Stephen Dill Lee: Lieutenant General (Confederate Army), died in 1908
- 1849John Godden: English explorer (Curacao)
- 1860Heinrich Reitsch: Composer
- 1864Louis Van Deyssel: Writer (Small Republic, One Love)
- 1870Arthur Willard Pryor: Composer
- 1872Luis Villalba Munoz: Composer
- 1878Shigeru Yoshida: Japanese Prime Minister (most of 1946-54)
- 1880Asser B Kleerekoper: Journalist / 2nd-Member of parliament (SDAP)
- 1882Emil Abranyi: Composer
- 1882Wilhelm Keitel: German Field Marshal
- 1883Robert Franz Richard Hernried: Composer
- 1884Minerva Urecal: California, United States -- Actress (Accent on Love, Crazy Knights)
- 1885Erich von Stroheim: Early film director / actor (Grand Illusion)
- 1887Hobart Cavanaugh: United States -- Actor (Border Town, Black Angel)
Died on September 22
- 1197Petrus Cantor: French Theologist (Verbum Abbreviatum)
- 1253Dogen Kigen: 1st Zen patriarch of Japanese Soto line, dies at 53
- 1286Mugaku Sogen: Zen Rinzai line founder of Engakuji temple, dies at 60
- 1392Aleid van Poelgeest: Lover of Earl Albrecht of Bavaria, murdered at 22
- 1392Willem Cuser: Earl Albrecht of Beierens, murdered
- 1408Johannes VII Palaeologus: Byzantine Emperor (1376-77, 90 / 1404-8)
- 1520Selim I: Captured Baghdad / Sultan of Turkey (1512-20), dies at 53
- 1531Louise Van Savoye: French regent of King Francois I, dies at 55
- 1566John Agricola [Schneider]: German Theologist / Prime Minister
- 1607Alessandro Agnolo Allori: Italian Painter / carpet designer, dies at 72
- 1712Jose Solana: Composer, dies at 69
- 1737Francesco Mancini: Composer, dies at 65
- 1737Michel Pignolet de Monteclair: Composer, dies at 69
- 1774Clement XIV [Giovanni Ganganelli]: Pope (1769-74)
- 1776Nathan Hale: US captain / patriot / spy, hanged by British at 21
- 1796George Wilhelm Gruber: Composer, dies on 67th birthday
- 1796Joseph Lederer: Composer, dies at 63
- 1814A W Iffland: Writer
- 1826J P Hebel: Writer, dies at 66
- 1865Heinrich Christian Pander: Russian zoologist, dies at 71
- 1890Johanna D Courtmans-Berchmans: Flemish author, dies at 79
- 1914Alain-Fournier: French writer (Grand Meaulnes), dies in battle at 27
- 1923Marquess of Ripon: Game hunter, dies after shooting 52nd grouse
- 1927Giannotto Bastianelli: Composer, dies at 44
- 1935Karl Schroder: Composer, dies at 86
- 1944"Cab" Calloway: British scout, dies in battle of Oosterbeek
- 1949Sam Wood: US communist fighter / director (Night at Opera), dies at 66
- 1959Josef Matthais Hauer: Composer, dies at 76
- 1961Marion Davies: Actress (Not So Dumb, 5 & 10), dies of cancer at 64
- 1969Adolfo Lopez Mateos: President of Mexico, dies at 59
Events on Sep 23
- 0951Otto I the Great becomes King of Italy
- 1122Concord of Worms
- 1513King Henry III and Emperor Maximilian conquer Doornik
- 1561King Philip II of Spain forbids Spanish settlements in Florida
- 1642Harvard College in Cambridge, Mass, 1st commencement
- 1666Princess Maria of Orange-Nassau marries Mauritius Earl of Simmeren
- 1719Liechtenstein declares independence from German empire
- 1739Russia and Turkey sign Peace of Belgrade
- 1746Jacob Gilles appointed Dutch pension advisor
- 1795Conseil of the Cinq-Cents (Council of 500), forms in Paris
- 1803Battle of Assaye-British-Indian forces beat Maratha Army
- 1806Lewis and Clark return to St. Louis from Pacific Northwest
- 1830Dutch troops occupy Brussels
- 1835HMS Beagle sails to Charles Island in Galapagos archipelago
- 18451st baseball team, New York Knickerbockers organize, adopt rule code
- 1845Hunger strike in Hague
- 1857Russian warship Leffort disappears in Finland Gulf in storm; 826 die
- 1863Confederate siege of Chattanooga begins
- 1864Battle of Athens, Virginia
- 1873Tom Allen beats Mike McCale for Heavyweight Boxing title
- 1876Ottawa Rough Riders play their 1st game
- 1877Hurricane strikes Curacao and Bonaire kills 200
- 1879Baldwin steam motors tram 1st tried in Sydney Australia
- 1879Richard Rhodes invented a hearing aid called the Audiophone
- 1880Jules Ferry forms French government
- 1890Ed Cartwright bats in 7 RBIs in 1 inning
- 18971st frontier days rodeo celebration (Cheyene Wyoming)
- 1904Francis Younghusbands leaves Lhasa Tibet
- 1905Mbunga-siege of Fort Mahenge German East-Africa broken
- 1907Proclamation sets fineness and weight of silver and bronze coins of Canada
Born on Sep 23
- 1555Louise de Coligny: French 4th Wife of Willem of Orange
- 1591Michael Lohr: Composer
- 1596Joan Blaeu: Cartographer / publisher
- 1605Daniel von Czepko: German poet
- 1641Adrian "Aart" van Wijck: Theologist (against jansenisme)
- 1642Giovanni Maria Bononcini: Composer
- 1684Johann Theodor Romhild: Composer
- 1703Jean-Marie Leclair: Composer
- 1712Ferdinand VI [the wise]: King of Spain (1746-59)
- 1745John Sevier: Tennessee, United States -- Indian fighter (Gov / Rep-Tn)
- 1768William Wallace: Scottish mathematician (Rights of Wallace)
- 1782Jacques-Fereol Mazas: Composer
- 1791Johann F Encke: German astronomer (Encke Comet)
- 1800William H McGuffey: Educator (McGuffey Readers)
- 1804David Van de Kellen: Coin engraver
- 1805Matthew Adams Stickney: Rowley, Massachusetts -- Numismatist
- 1816Elihu Benjamin Washburne: MC (Union), died in 1887
- 1816Julius White: Bvt Major General (Union volunteers), died in 1890
- 1820Thomas Kilby Smith: Bvt Major General (Union volunteers)
- 1838Martin Woodhull Victoria Chaflin: United States -- Feminist / Reformer (Woodhull)
- 1838Victoria Chaflin Woodhull: Ohio, United States -- Feminist / Reformer / free love
- 1842Karl Munzinger: Composer
- 1849Mikhail Mikhaylovich Ivanov: Composer
- 1852William Stewart Halsted: Established 1st US surgical school
- 1853Marcel Planiol: French private law Scholar
- 1854Cornelis W Lely: Dutch engineer / gov of Suriname (1902-05)
- 1856William Archer: Scotland, United Kingdom -- Writer (Green Goddess)
- 1861Edmond H H Allenby: English Field Marshal / high director (Egypt)
- 1863Alexandre EJ Yersin: Swiss / French bacteriologist (bacteria plague)
- 1863Mary Church Terrell: Civil rights activist
Died on Sep 23
- 0775Constantine V Copronymus: Emperor of Byzantium (720-75)
- 0918Koenraad I: German duke / King (911-18), dies at 42
- 0965Aboe a-Taia-H al-Moetanabbi: Arabic royal Poet (Diwan), murdered
- 1541Philippus A Paracelsus: Swiss Physician / alchemist, dies at 47
- 1624Willem Pietersz Buytewech: Painter / etcher, dies at about 32
- 1694Francesco Passarini: Composer, dies at 57
- 1700Nicolaus Adam Strungk: Composer, dies at 59
- 1738Hermannus Boerhaave: Medical / botanist, dies at 69
- 1778Balthazar Huydecoper: Translator / historian, dies at 83
- 1780John Andre: Hanged as a British spy at 29
- 1797Johann Georg Roser: Composer, dies at 57
- 1835Vincenzo Bellini: Italian opera Composer (Norma), dies at 33
- 1837Richard John Samuel Stevens: Composer, dies at 80
- 1847Henri MG Earl the Merode: Belg revolutionary (Souvenirs), dies at 65
- 1871Alexander N Afanasjev: Russian story teller, dies at 45
- 1877Urbain JJ Leverrier: Codiscoverer of Neptune
- 1889William W Collins: English writer (Moonstone)
- 1896Ivar A Aasen: Norwegian linguistic / poet, dies at 83
- 1896Louis-Gilbert Duprez: Composer, dies at 89
- 1902John Wesley Powell: US geologist (Grand Canyon), dies at 68
- 1906Jan van Rijswijck: Flemish journalist / Mayor of Antwerp
- 1929Richard A Zsigmondy: Austria chemist (Nobel 1925), dies at 64
- 1930Jonkvrouw Catharina AM de Savornin Lohman: Author, dies at 62
- 1937Caro Roma: Composer, dies at 68
- 1939Sigmund Freud: Created psychoanalysis, dies at 83
- 1944Colijn: Netherlands Prime Minister, buried
- 1947Nikola Petkov: Leader of Bulgaria Boer party, hanged
- 1956Earl Godwin: Newscaster (Meet the Veep), dies at 75
- 1960Kathlyn Williams: Actress (Single Man), dies of heart attack at 72
- 1961Billy House: Actor (Imitation of Life, Bedlam, Egg & I), dies at 71