Events on Oct 7
- 0336St. Mark ends his reign as Catholic Pope
- 1492Columbus misses Florida when he changed course
- 1506Pope Julius II and France occupy Bologna
- 15201st public burning of books in the Netherlands, in Louvain
- 1542Explorer Cabrillo discovered Catalina Island off California coast
- 1571Battle at Lepanto: Saint League (Spain & Italy) destroys Turkish fleet
- 1579English royal marriage of Queen Elizabeth I to Duke of Anjou
- 1637Prince Frederik Henry occupies Breda
- 1690English attack Quebec under Louis de Buade
- 1702English / Dutch troops under Marlborough occupy Roermond
- 1714People riot due to beer tax in Alkmaar Neth
- 173740 foot waves sink 20,000 small craft and kill 300,000 (Bengal, India)
- 1763George III of Great Britain issues Proclamation of 1763, closing lands in North America north and west of Alleghenies to white settlement
- 1765Stamp Act Congress convenes in New York
- 1777Americans beat Brits in 2nd Battle of Saratoga and Battle of Bemis Hts
- 1780British defeated by American militia near Kings Mountain, South Carolina
- 1806Carbon paper patented in London by inventor Ralph Wedgewood
- 18161st double decked steamboat, Washington, arrives in New Orleans
- 1826Granite Railway (1st chartered railway in US) begins operations
- 1840Willem I resigns as King of the Netherlands
- 1856Cyrus Chambers Jr patents folding machine that folds book and newspapers
- 1864Naval Engagement at Bahia Harbor Brazil - CSS Florida vs. USS Wachusett
- 1868Cornell University (Ithaca NY) opens
- 1879Germany and Austrian-Hungary sign Twofold Covenant
- 18821st World Series (game 2), Chicago (NL) beats Cincinnati (AA) 2-0
- 1886Spain abolishes slavery in Cuba
- 1900The term "orienteering" is 1st used for an event
- 1904New York Highlander Jack Chesbro wins record 41st game of season (41-12)
- 1908Crete revolts against Turkey and aligns with Greece
- 1908Serbia and Montenegro sign anti-Austria-Hungarian pact
Born on Oct 7
- 1573William Laud: English Archbishop of Canterbury (1633-45)
- 1577Ferdinand [of Bayern]: Prince-Bishop of Liege / Archbishop
- 1698Henri Madin: Composer
- 1728Caesar Rodney: Delaware, United States -- Judge / signer (Declaration of Independence)
- 1734Ralph Abercromby: English army commander (Dutch Guyana)
- 1746William Billings: Boston, Massachusetts -- Hymn composer (Rose of Sharon)
- 1748Charles XIII: King of Sweden (1809-18) / Norway (1814-18)
- 1758Paul Anton Wineberger: Composer
- 1774Ferdinando Orlandi: Composer
- 1798Jean B Vuillaume: French violin maker (octobas)
- 1801Adolf Muller: Composer
- 1802Bernhard Molique: Composer
- 1817Bushrod Rust Johnson: Major General (Confederate Army), died in 1880
- 1821Richard Heron Anderson: Lieutenant General (Confederate Army), died in 1879
- 1821William Sill: With The Underground Railroad
- 1826William Brimage Bate: US Confederate Brigadier General / (Gov-D-Tenn, 1882-86)
- 1835Felix Draeseke: Composer
- 1841Nicolaas Petrovic Njegos: King of Montenegro (1910-18)
- 1849James Whitcomb Riley: United States -- Poet (Raggedy Man)
- 1854Christiaan R de Wet: South Africa -- Boer General (Nicholsonsnek)
- 1866Martha McChesney Berry: United States -- Founded Berry School for Children
- 1868Fred H Hovey: Tennis champ (US Open-1895)
- 1870Uncle Dave Macon: Entertainer
- 1879Joe Hill: Jevla, Sweden -- Organizer (IWW) / songwriter (Union Scab) / martyr
- 1879Joseph Bovet: Composer
- 1880Jaime Pahissa: Composer
- 1885Niels Bohr: Denmark -- Physicist, expanded quantum physics (Nobel 1922)
- 1886Johannes B Tielrooy: Dutch literary (Chateaubriand)
- 1887Jack Mulhall: Wappinger Falls, New York -- Actor (Ken Murray Show)
- 1888Henry A Wallace: (D / P) 33rd VP (1941-45) / founder Progressive Party
Died on Oct 7
- 0290[Christian] Sergius: Roman soldier / martyred saint, decapitated
- 0336Marcus: Bishop of Rome (336)
- 0929Charles III [the Plain]: King of France (893-929)
- 1488Andrea del Verrochio: Sculptor / Painter / goldsmith, dies at about 52
- 1571Ali Pasha: Turkish fleet commander, dies in battle
- 1612Menso Alting: Dutch reformed vicar / theologist, dies at 70
- 1639John I Pontanus: Physicist / Historian (Amsterdam), dies at 68
- 1660Paul Scarron: French, stagewriter (Le Roman Comique), dies at 50
- 1681Nicolaas Heinsius: Dutch philological / diplomat, dies at 61
- 1766Andre Cheron: Composer, dies at 71
- 1777Simon Fraser: English General, dies in battle
- 1780Patrick Ferguson: English major in SC, dies in battle at 36
- 1800Gabriel: Slave revolt leader (Virginia), hanged
- 1811August R van Hekeren van Suideras: Dutch orangist, dies at 68
- 1849Edgar Allen Poe: Poet (Raven), dies in Baltimore at 40
- 1864Alexander Gardiner: US Union Brigadier General, dies in battle
- 1864John Gregg: US judge / Confederate Brigadier General, dies in battle at 36
- 1887George James Webb: Composer, dies at 84
- 1890John Hill Hewitt: Composer, dies at 89
- 1915Samuel Prowse Warren: Composer, dies at 74
- 1918C Hubert H Parry: Engl musicologist / Composer (Jerusalem), dies at 70
- 1924Clemens Baeumker: German Historian (Christian Philosophy), dies at 71
- 1925Hubert Platt Main: Composer, dies at 86
- 1939Harvey (William) Cushing: US neurologist, dies at 70
- 1951Anton F Philips: CEO (Philips), dies at 77
- 1959Mario Lanza: Opera singer, dies at 38 of a heart attack
- 1959Prime Minister Kassem of Iraq: Assassinated
- 1962Mauritius Dekker [Boris Robazki]: Writer (Boots in Jail), dies at 66
- 1963Grace Darmond: Silent screen actress (Below the Surface), dies at 69
- 1964Eugen Varga: Hungarian / Russian economist / politician, dies at 84
Historical events on October 8
- 0314Battle at Cibalae: Emperor Constantine beats Emperor Licinius
- 0451Council of Chalcedon (4th ecumenical council) opens
- 0876Battle at Andernach: Louis the Young beats Charles the Bare
- 1085San Marcos minstery in Venice initiated
- 1600San Marino adopts constitution
- 1633Massachusetts Bay Colony forms its 1st government
- 1690Turkish troops occupy Belgrade
- 1712French hijacker Jacques Cassard seen on Suriname coast
- 1740Chinese assault on Diestpoort Batavia
- 1775Officers decide to bar slaves and free blacks from Continental Army
- 1806British forces lay siege to French port of Boulogne using Congreve rockets, invented by Sir William Congreve
- 1813Treaty of Ried between Bayern and Austria
- 1815Joachim Murats forces lands at Pizzo Italy
- 18182 English boxers are 1st to use padded gloves
- 18221st eruption of Galunggung (Java) sends boiling sludge into valley
- 1835HMS Beagle / Charles Darwin reaches James Island, Galapagos archipelago
- 18401st Hawaiian constitution proclaimed
- 1842Princess Sophia weds her cousin Duke Charles Saksen-Weimar-Eisenach
- 1856Chinese police board British vessel Arrow, arrest 12 Chinese crewmen on suspicion of piracy and lower British flag, begins 2nd Anglo-Chinese War
- 1860Telegraph line between LA and SF opens
- 1862Battle of Perryville, KY-Confederate invasion halted
- 1862Otto von Bismarck becomes German Republic chancellor
- 1865Earthquake in Santa Cruz Mountains
- 1871Gas explosion destroys Peshtigo, Wisconsin
- 1886Start of Sherlock Holmes adventure "Noble Bachelor" (BG)
- 1887Phillies set club record 16th straight victory
- 1892Sergei Rachmaninoff 1st performs "Prelude in C-sharp-Minor" in Moscow
- 1895Ohio Valley Improvement Association forms
- 1896Dow Jones starts reporting an average of selected industrial stocks
- 1897Emperor Karl Joseph I named Gustav Mahler Director of Opera
Born on October 8
- 1585Heinrich Schutz: Composer
- 1619Philipp von Zesen: German poet / historian (Amsterdam)
- 1621Maximilian H of Bayern: Prince-Bishop of Liege / Bishop of Hildesheim
- 1690Jaime de Casellas: Composer
- 1692Antonio Palella: Composer
- 1697Cornelis Consolation: Dutch portrait painter (Unseemly Love)
- 1740Michel-Julien Mathieu: Composer
- 1747Johann Wilhelm Stadler: Composer
- 1748Franz Seydelmann: Composer
- 1790Waldemar Thrane: Composer
- 1802Peter Hofstede [the Great]: Dutch reformed theologist
- 1813Carl Ludwig Amand Mangold: Composer
- 1818John Henninger Reagan: Attorney General (Confederacy)
- 1820Stanislaw Katski: Composer
- 1826Matt Whitaker Ransom: Brigadier General (Confederate Army), died in 1904
- 1828Francisque Sarcey: French writer / critic
- 1831Michal Jelski: Composer
- 1837Otto Winter-Hjelm: Composer
- 1838John Milton Hay: Politician (Union), died in 1905
- 1855Gustav Ehrismann: German germanist
- 1860Felix Woyrsch: Composer
- 1861Theodore Roberts: San Francisco, California -- Actor (Roaring Road, 10 Commandments)
- 1868Max Slevogt: German painter
- 1869J Frank Duryea: Inventor (1st auto built and operated in US)
- 1870Louis Vierne: Composer
- 1872John Cowper Powys: British writer (Wood & Stone)
- 1873Ejnar Hertzsprung: Denmark -- Astronomer (Hertzsprung-Russell diagram)
- 1875Hugh L Doherty: Tennis champ (US Open-1903)
- 1880Ernest F E Douwes Dekker: Dutch founder (National-India Party)
- 1885William Henry Bennett Vodery: Composer
Died on October 8
- 0705Abd al-Malik: Kalief of Damascus
- 1094St Mark [the Evangelist]: Buried in San Marcos minstery in Venice
- 1253Robert Grosseteste: English Bishop / expert (optica)
- 1604Janus Dousa [Johan van de Does]: Literature / politician, dies at 58
- 1606Jan [the Aged]: Count of Nassau / fathered 24
- 1651Isaac Elsevier: Book publisher, dies at 55
- 1656Johan Georg I: Ruler of Saxon (1611-56, Peace of Prague), dies at 71
- 1680Elisabeth: Abbess, dies at 61
- 1683Philipp Friedrich Boddecker: Composer, dies at 76
- 1686Adriaen Paets: Rotterdams regent / diplomat, dies at about 55
- 1722Gerard Callenbach: Dutch Admiral, dies at 80
- 1728Anne Danican Philidor: French composer, dies at 47
- 1754Henry Fielding: English lawyer / Author (Tom Jones), dies at 47
- 1771John E Loovens: Lawyer, dies at 76
- 1772Jean-Joseph Cassenea de Mondonville: Composer, dies at 60
- 1793John Hancock: US Merchant / signer (Declaration of Independence), dies at 56
- 1803Vittoria A Alfieri: Italian Earl / writer (Filippo), dies at 54
- 1834Francois-Adrien Boieldieu: Composer, dies at 58
- 1842Christoph Ernst Friedrich Weyse: Composer, dies at 68
- 1862James Streshley Jackson: Attorney / Union Brigadier General, dies in battle at 39
- 1862William Rufus Terrill: Union Brigadier General, dies in battle at 28
- 1864Thomas Jonathan Coffin Amory: US Union Brigadier General, dies at about 34
- 1865Heinrich Wilhelm Ernst: Composer, dies at 51
- 1869Franklin Peirce: 14th President (1853-1857), dies at 64 in Concord, New Hampshire
- 1895Charles Oberthur: Composer, dies at 76
- 1897Martin Pluddemann: Composer, dies at 43
- 1904Gustav Ratzenhofer: Austria sociologist / philosopher, dies at 62
- 1907Alfred: Liechtensteins noble of Austrian Herrenhaus, dies at 65
- 1912Wilhelm Kuhe: Composer, dies at 88
- 1925Abraham PC of Karnebeek: Liberal Foreign Minister (1918-27)
Events on Oct 9
- 0768Charles the Great and Charlamane II divide French Republic
- 0869Charles the Bare crowned King of Lotharingen
- 1000Leif Ericson discovers "Vinland" (possibly New England)
- 1192Richard Coeur de Leeuw leaves Jerusalem in disguise
- 1290Last of 16,000 English Jews expelled by King Edward I, leaves
- 1446Korean Hangual alphabet devised
- 1514King Louis XII of France marries Mary Tudor, Daughter of Henry VIII
- 1573Don Frederik disbands siege of Alkmaar
- 1597Earl Mauritius occupies Breevoort
- 1617Peace of Pavia (Spain & Savoye)
- 1621Turkey and Poland signs Peace of Chotin
- 1635Religious dissident Roger Williams banished from Mass Bay Colony
- 1651English parliament proclaims Navigation Act off
- 1668Mass society storms palace of "heretics" Spanish gov Jose de Paternina
- 1701Collegiate School of Ct (Yale University), chartered in New Haven
- 1716England and France sign treaty
- 1740Netherlands Governor-General Adriaen Valckenier allows murder of 8000 Chinese inhabitants of Batavia
- 1794French troops occupy Hertogenbosch
- 1799British frigate HMS Lutine sinks off Dutch coast
- 1804Hobart Tasmania founded
- 1817University of Gent officially opens
- 1818Congress of Aken returns to France from Libya
- 1820Guayaquil, Ecuador declares its freedom from Ecuador
- 1837Steamboat "Home" sinks off Okracoke NC killing 100
- 1855Isaac Singer patents sewing machine motor
- 1855Joshua Stoddard of Worcester, Mass patents 1st calliope
- 1863Battle of Brady Station, VA (Culpeper Court House, Bristoe Station)
- 18651st US underground pipeline for carrying oil is laid in Pennsylvania
- 1870Rome is incorporated into Italy by royal decree
- 1872Aaron Montgomery started his mail-order business
Born on Oct 9
- 1201Robert de Sorbon: Founded Sorbonne University (Paris, France)
- 1261Dionysius [the Justified]: King of Portugal (1279-1325)
- 1547Miguel de Cervantes: Novelist (Don Quixote)
- 1581Claude G Bachet de Meziriac: French mathematician / theologist
- 1586Jan III van Foreest: Lawyer / poet / Mayor of Hoorn
- 1626John Ferrabosco: Composer
- 1663Gian M Crescimbeni: Italian literary / critic (Arcadia)
- 1727Johann Wilhelm Hertel: Composer
- 1760Pierre Gaveaux: Composer
- 1766Bedrich Divis Weber: Composer
- 1771Frederik Willem: Duke of Brunswick (1813-15)
- 1782Lewis Cass: (Gov-Michigan)
- 1813John Jones Pettus: Confederate Governor (D-Miss, 1859-63)
- 1819Samuel McGowan: Brigadier General (Confederate Army), died in 1897
- 1822George Sykes: Major General (Union volunteers), died in 1880
- 1823Mary Ann Shadd Cary: 1st black US newspaper publishers
- 1830Harriet Hosmer: Sculptor
- 1847Stephanus J du Toit: South Africa theologist / journalist (Afr Bond)
- 1858Gerard L F Philips: Dutch engineer / manufacturer (Philips)
- 1859Alfred Dreyfus: Accused Jewish French officer (Dreyfus Affair)
- 1863Alexander Siloti: Kharkov, Russia -- Pianist / Professor (Moscow Cons 1888-91)
- 1869Harry Lawrence Freeman: Composer
- 1871Gerrit Bolkestein: Minister of Education
- 1873Karl Schwarzschild: German astronomer (Schwarzschild effect)
- 1884Helene Deutsch [Rosenbach]: Psychoanalyst (Boston)
- 1884Martin Elmer Johnson: Explorer / photographer
- 1886Frank Newburg: Actor (Homemaker)
- 1888Hank Patterson: Alabama, United States -- Actor (Gunsmoke, Fred Ziffel-Green Acres)
- 1888Irving Cummings, Sr.: NYC, New York -- Silent screen star / director (Curly Top)
- 1890Aimee Semple McPherson: Evangelist (Pentecostal) / radio preacher
Died on Oct 9
- 1047Clemens II [Suitger]: Pope (1046-47)
- 1253Grosseteste: An English scholar, dies at 78
- 1326Reinald I: Earl of Gelre / monarch, went insane
- 1423Frederik III of Blankenheim: Bishop of Straatsburg / Utrecht
- 1436Jacoba van Bavarian: Countess of Holland / Zealand, dies at 35
- 1562Gabriel Fallopius: Modena Italy, anatomist
- 1646Baltasar Carlos: Son of Spanish King Philip IV
- 1769Marianus Konigsperger: Composer, dies at 60
- 1781Thomas Alexander Erskine Kelly: Composer, dies at 49
- 1797Elia van Vilnius: Latvian rabbi, dies at 77
- 1797Elijah B Solomon Zalman: Rabbi / Gaon of Vilna
- 1806Benjamin Banneker: Astronomer / mathematician, dies at 74
- 1821Georg-Friederich Fuchs: Composer, dies at 68
- 1837Charles Fourier: French utopian socialist (Harmony universal)
- 1841Karl F Schinkel: German Painter / writer (Neue Wache), dies at 60
- 1891Johannes Tideman: Theologist, dies at 83
- 1897John Heemskerk Azn: Dutch Internal Minister (1866..88), dies at 79
- 1900Heinrich von Herzogenberg: Composer, dies at 57
- 1906Joseph F Glidden: Inventor (barbed wire)
- 1907Romualdo Marenco: Composer, dies at 66
- 1912Millie & Christine: Siamese twins, dies at 61
- 1915Constant A M Cap: Flemish Poet / etcher, dies at 73
- 1917Hussain Kamil: Sultan of Egypt (1914-17), dies at 63
- 1918Michail V Alekseyev: Russian General (WWI), murdered at 60
- 1934J-Louis-F Barthou: French writer / Premier / foreign minister, murdered
- 1934King Alexander: Of Yugoslavia, killed by Georgief (Croatian terrorist)
- 1937August de Boeck: Composer, dies at 72
- 1937George AA Alting van Geusau: Dutch Minister of War (1918-20), dies at 73
- 1943Gerard W Kerncamp: Historian / editor-in-chief (Green Amsterdam)
- 1943Jan Dieters: Leader of illegal Dutch political party (CPN), executed