Events on Oct 10

• 0680Battle at Kerbela: Kalief Yazid beats pretender al-Hussein
• 1375Westfriese sea wall breaks flooding Northern Netherlands
• 1471Battle of Brunkeberg Stockholm (Sten Sture beats Christian I)
• 1549Duke of Somerset fired as Lord Protector and imprisoned
• 1578Count Johan Casimir occupies Ghent with 500 horsemen
• 1631Saxon army occupies Prague
• 1695King Willem III escapes South Netherlands, back to England
• 1720French government proclaims strike on banknotes
• 1733France declares war on Emperor Charles VI
• 1760Suriname Colonial Regime signs treaty with Aukaners (ex-slaves)
• 1780Great Hurricane of 1780 kills 20,000 to 30,000 in Caribbean
• 1787Amsterdam surrenders to Prussian invasion army
• 1799Convention of Alkmaar: English / Russian invasion army departs
• 18021st non indian settlement in Oklahoma
• 1839British troops under General Charles Napier occupy Beirut
• 1845Naval School (now called US Naval Academy) opens at Annapolis
• 1846Alexis the Tocqueville writes about "Algerian problem"
• 1854US Assay Office in New York City, New York opens
• 1857American Chess Association formed (NYC)
• 1863Skirmish at Blue Springs, Tennessee (166 casualties)
• 1865John Hyatts patents billard ball
• 18681st written account of a Canadian football game
• 1868Cuba revolts for independence against Spain
• 1874Fiji becomes a British possession
• 18861st dinner jacket worn to autumn ball at Tuxedo Park, New York (tuxedo)
• 1888Teatotalers excursion train crushed, killing 64 (Mud Run Pa)
• 1899IR Johnson patents bicycle frame
• 1904Boston pitchers achieve 148 complete games-an AL record, also record for total complete games AL 1,098, NL 1,089
• 1904Liberty Theater opens at 234 W 42nd St, New York City
• 1904Yanks 2 games out play 1st place Red Sox on final day doubleheader 41 game winner Chesbro loses 1st game and chance at pennant

Born on Oct 10

• 1486Charles III: Duke of Savoy
• 1599Jacob Aertsz Colom: Dutch publisher (Consolation of the Sea)
• 1678John Campbell: 2nd Duke of Argyll / Field Marshal (Union of 1707)
• 1684Jean Antoine Watteau: French rococo painter (Onverschillige)
• 1731Henry Cavendish: England, United Kingdom -- Physicist / chemist (discovered hydrogen)
• 1738Benjamin West: Painter (Death of General Wolfe)
• 1757Erik Acharius: Swedish Botanist (lichens)
• 1779Antoine PFGdV Celles: Belgium -- French MP
• 1790George Gerson: Composer
• 1804Albin Masek: Composer
• 1817Christophorus H D Buys Ballot: Dutch meteorologist / founder KNMI
• 1819Zebulon York: Brigadier General (Confederate Army), died in 1900
• 1823Theodore Furchtegott Kirchner: Composer
• 1825Paulus Kruger: President of South African Republic (1883), Boer leader
• 1829Dandridge McRae: Brigadier General (Confederate Army), died in 1899
• 1830Isabella II: Queen of Spain (1833-68)
• 1832Theodore Shelton Bowers: Bvt Brigadier General (Union Army), died in 1866
• 1834Aleksis Kivi [Stenvall]: Finland -- Writer / poet (Nummisuutarit)
• 1847Gheorghe Dima: Composer
• 1854Jeronimo Gimenez y Bellido: Composer
• 1861Fridtjof Nansen: Norwegian Arctic explorer / humanitarian (Nobel 1922)
• 1862Arthur De Greef: Composer
• 1865Raffaele Merry del Val: Spanish Cardinal
• 1868Guillermo M Tomas: Composer
• 1876Walter Niemann: Composer
• 1884Ferdinand Bordewijk: Dutch lawyer / writer (Bint)
• 1887Rie Cramer [Marie Holman]: Dutch cartoonist / author
• 1889Han [Henricus A] Van Meegeren: Dutch painter / art forger (Vermeer)
• 1892Ivo Andric: Yugoslavia -- Novelist (Bridge on Drina, Nobel 1961)
• 1893August Balthazar: Belgian politician

Died on Oct 10

• 0019Julius Caesar Germanicus: Roman Commandant of Rijnleger, dies at 33
• 0413Nicias: Athens politician (Peace of Nicias), killed at about 57
• 0680Hussein: Grandson of prophet Mohammed, beheaded
• 1616Maria van Nassau: Countess of Buren, dies at 60
• 1651Philippus Rovenius [Rouveen]: Apostole, dies at 77
• 1659Able J Tasmania: Navigator / discovered (Tasmania, NZ), dies at about 56
• 1676Sebastian Knupfer: Composer, dies at 43
• 1745Jacobus Nozeman: Dutch Composer / organist, dies at 52
• 1789Pierre-Louis Couperin: Composer, dies at 34
• 1791C F D Schubart: Writer
• 1797Carter Braxton: US boer / signer (Declaration of Independence), dies at 61
• 1827Ugo Foscolo: Italian poet, dies at 49
• 1836Jacob-Joseph-Balthasar Martinn: Composer, dies at 61
• 1843Karl Theodor Toeschi: Composer, dies at 75
• 1856Michal Wielhorski: Composer, dies at 67
• 1858Karl A Varnhagen von Ense: German Author / Poet / diplomat, dies at 73
• 1864David Bullock Harris: US Confederate Colonel, dies of yellow fever
• 1867Ignacy Feliks Dobrzynski: Composer, dies at 60
• 1875Aleksei K Tolstoi [Kozjma Prutkov]: Russian Poet / writer, dies at 58
• 1886David L Yule: 1st Jewish US senator
• 1889Adolph von Henselt: Composer, dies at 75
• 1910Willem Maris: Painter (Hague School), dies at 66
• 1914Gijsbert van Tienhoven: Mayor (Amsterdam) / foreign minister, dies at 73
• 1914Karol I: Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen, King of Romania (1881-1914)
• 1931Karl von Bach: German engineer (Maschinenelemente), dies at 84
• 1935Arthur Henderson: British Labour Minister (Nobel 1934), dies at 72
• 1942Richard von Schaukal: Austria Poet / writer (Schlemihle), dies at 68
• 1959Friedrich: Prince of Liechtenstein
• 1964Eddie Cantor: Comedian (Eddie Cantor Comedy Theater), dies at 72
• 1964Frantisek Picha: Composer, dies at 71

Historical events on October 11

• 0732Battle at Tours: France under Karel Martel beat Moors
• 1521Pope Leo X titles King Henry VIII of England "Defender of the Faith"
• 1531Battle at Kappel: Swiss RC kantons beat protestant
• 1540Emperor Karel names his son Philip, Duke of Milan
• 1573Battle of South Seas - Dutch rebels beat Spanish navy
• 1643Battle at Wincebt: English New Model-army beats royalists
• 1687Hungary accepts Habsburgse sovereignty
• 1689Peter the Great becomes tsar of Russia
• 1698France, England and Netherlands signs 1st Extermination treaty
• 1726Benjamin Franklin returns to Philadelphia from England
• 1746Battle at Rocourt: French drive out English / Austria / Netherlands armies
• 1797Battle at Kamperduin: English fleet destroys Bataafse
• 1797British naval forces defeat Dutch off Camperdown, Netherlands
• 1811The Juliana, 1st steam-powered ferryboat, begins operation
• 1861Battle of Dumfries, VA (Quantico Creek)
• 1864Slavery abolished in Maryland
• 1865President Johnson paroles CSA VP Alexander Stephens
• 1868Thomas Edison patents his 1st invention: electric voice machine
• 1871Great Chicago Fire is finally extinguished after 3 days, 300 killed
• 1873Toronto Argonaut Football Club 1st game losing to University of Toronto
• 1881David Houston patents roll film for cameras
• 1887A Miles patents elevator
• 18901st 100 yard dash under 10 seconds (John Owens 9-4 / 5 seconds, Washington DC)
• 1890Daughters of American Revolution forms
• 1895Emperor Menelik II of Addis Ababa draws against Italians
• 1899South African Boers declare war on Great Britain
• 19028th US Golf Open: Laurie Auchterlonie shoots a 307 at Garden City, New York
• 1902Lawrence Auchterlonie wins US Open golf tournament
• 1906San Francisco begins school for "Asians"
• 1906White Sox Ed Walsh strikes out then record 12 in a World Series game

Born on October 11

• 1573Jacob Boonen: South Netherlands clergyman / lawyer
• 1593Claes P "Nicolaas" Tulip: Anatomy / Mayor of Amsterdam (1654..71)
• 1611Hugues de Lionne [Marquess de Berry]: French ambassador to Rome
• 1661Melchior de Polignac: French diplomat / elect (Anti-Lucretius)
• 1671Frederik IV: King of Denmark / Norway (1699-1730)
• 1738Arthur Phillip: Admiral / 1st Governor New-South Wales
• 1747Marian Paradeiser: Composer
• 1758Wilhelm Olbers: Discovered asteroids (Pallas and Vesta)
• 1768Adriaan van den Ende: Dutch vicar / educationalist
• 1782Steen Steensen Blicher: Denmark -- Poet / short-story writer (E Binddstouw)
• 1788Simon Sechter: Composer
• 1803Albartus Telting: Frisian poet (Frisianch Jierboeckjen)
• 1806Aleksandar I Karadjordjevic: Monarch of Serbia (1842-58)
• 1815Pierre Napoleon Bonaparte: Corsican representative of the people
• 1820Alfred Washington Ellet: Brigadier General (Union volunteers), died in 1895
• 1821Angelo Maurizio Gaspare Mariani: Composer
• 1821George Williams: England, United Kingdom -- Founder YMCA
• 1825C F Meyer: Writer
• 1825Elkanah Brackin Greer: Brigadier General (Confederate Army), died in 1877
• 1835Hunter Holmes McGuire: Med Director (Confederate Army), died in 1900
• 1841Freidrich Hegar: Composer
• 1863Xavier Henry Napoleon Leroux: Composer
• 1865Hans E Kinck: Norwegian philological / writer (Mot Karnaval)
• 1869Gordon Frederic Norton: Composer
• 1872Harlan Fiske Stone: New Hampshire, United States -- Supreme Court (1925-41) Chief Justice (41-46)
• 1875Stefan O Iosif: Romania -- Poet (Beautiful Irine)
• 1876G von Le Fort: Writer
• 1877John Parsons Beach: Composer
• 1881Stark Young: US critic / writer (So Red the Rose)
• 1882Robert Nathaniel Dett: Composer

Died on October 11

• 0732Abd ar-Rahman: Yemenite General strategist (Bordeaux occupier)
• 0965Bruno I: Archbishop of Cologne / Duke of Lutheran, dies at about 40
• 1303Boniface VIII [Benedetto Gaetani]: Lawyer / pope (1294-1303)
• 1347Louis IV: Duke of Bayern / Romania-Germany King / Emperor
• 1424Jan Zizka: Czech (army)leader (Hussieten), dies of plague at 46
• 1531Huldrych Zwingli: Swiss church Reformer (Zwinglianen)
• 1617Franchois Vranck: Economist / writer (Deduction), dies at about 62
• 1666Henry de Fleury dee Coulan: Mister of Buat / ritmeester
• 1705Guillaume Amontons: French physicist, dies at 42
• 1779Casimir Pulaski: General
• 1809Meriwether Lewis: (Lewis & Clark Expedition), commits suicide at 35
• 1812Jurriaan F de Frederici: Dutch Governor-General (Suriname), dies at 60
• 1837Samuel Wesley: Composer (Exultate Deo), dies at 71
• 1839Leonor de Almeida marquesa de Alorna: Portuguese poet, dies at 88
• 1850Louisa Maria: Queen of Belgium (1832-50) / Wife of Leopold I, dies at 38
• 1891Charles Stewart Parnells: Remains buried in Ireland
• 1896Anton Bruckner: Austr Composer (Te Deum, Wagner Symphony), dies at 72
• 1925Karl M Lybeck: Fin / Swedish language Poet (Samlade Arbeten), dies at 71
• 1933Josef Hofmiller: Writer
• 1942Leonid Vladimirovich Nikolayev: Composer, dies at 64
• 1958J R Becher: Writer, dies at 67
• 1959Bert Bell: NFL hall of famer, dies at 64
• 1960Richard Cromwell: Actor (Jezebel, Riot Squad), dies of cancer at 50
• 1961Leonard "Chico" Marx: Comedian (Marx Brothers), dies at 74
• 1963Jean Cocteau: French Author (La Voie Humaine), dies at 73
• 1970Anis Fuleihan: Composer, dies at 69
• 1971Chester Conklin: Actor (Greed, Modern Times), dies at 83
• 1976Connie Boswell: Actress (Artists & Models), dies at 68
• 1977Mason Gross: Professor (Think Fast, 2 for the Money), dies at 66
• 1985Tex Williams: Country-western singer, dies at 68 of cancer

Events on Oct 12

• 0638Honorius I ends his reign as Catholic Pope; Pope Severinus elected
• 0642John IV ends his reign as Catholic Pope
• 1165Rambam reaches Jerusalem
• 1285180 Jews refuse baptism in Munich Germany, they are set on fire
• 1366King Frederick III of Siciliy forbids decorations on synagogues
• 1459Battle at Ludfor: Richard of York defeated
• 1492Columbus arrives in Bahamas [real Columbus Day]
• 1492Flemish rebel leader Philip van Kleef surrenders
• 1504Queen Isabella I of Spain signs her testament
• 1509Emperor Maximilian leaves Italy
• 1518Pontifical ambassador interrogates Martin Luther
• 1549John Dudley Earl of Warwick becomes English Premier
• 1576Rudolf II succeeds Maximilian II as Archduke of Austria
• 1654Kruittoren van Delft, explodes, 50-100 killed
• 1659English Rump-government fires John Lambert and other generals
• 1692Massachusetts Bay discontinues witch trials
• 1702Battle of Bay of Vigo: Dutch and English fleet destroy and occupy Spanish silver fleet and French squadron
• 1711Karel VI Habsburg crowned Roman Catholic Emperor
• 1729Willem KH Friso installed as Viceroy of Gelderland
• 1730Christian VI succeeds Frederik IV as King of Denmark
• 1776British Brigade begins guarding Throgg Necks Road in Bronx
• 1792Columbus Day is 1st celebrated
• 1798Flemish uprising against French occupied Boerenkrijg
• 1798Friedrich von Schillers "Wallensteins Lager, " premieres in Weimar
• 1815Ex-king Joachim Murat van Naples sentenced to death
• 18222nd eruption of Galunggung (Java) destroys summit of mountain
• 1823Charles Macintosh of Scotland begins selling raincoats (Macs)
• 1833Charles Darwin begins return trip to Buenos Aires
• 183618" of snow falls in Bridgewater, New York
• 1854Lincoln University founded as Ashmun Institute

Born on Oct 12

• 1350Dimitri "Donskoi" Ivanovitch: Great Monarch of Vladimir-Soezdal
• 1490Bernardo Pisano: Composer
• 1537Edward VI: Tudor -- King of England (1547-53)
• 1686Silvius Leopold Weiss: Composer
• 1742Johan Peter Melchior: German sculptor
• 1759Frantisek Vaclav Tomes: Composer
• 1762John W Janssens: Governor-General of Cape colony / Dutch-Indies 1811
• 1763John Ross: Composer
• 1798A J Pedro I van Alcantara: Kaiser of Brazil (1822-31) / King of Portugal
• 1798Charles Albert: King of Sardinia (1831-49)
• 1807John Tideman: Dutch Remonstrant theologist
• 1808John Liptrot Hatton: Composer
• 1813Lyman Trumbull: MC (Union) died in 1896
• 1815William Joseph Hardee: Lieutenant General (Confederate Army), died in 1873
• 1822Joseph Haydn Potter: Brigadier General (Union volunteers), died in 1892
• 1832Walter T Watts-Dunton: England, United Kingdom -- Lawyer / poet / writer (Aylwin)
• 1840Helena Modjeska: Poland -- Shakespearian actress (Juliet) / anti-Russian
• 1844George W Cable: American writer (Northampton Years)
• 1845Amintore Galli: Composer
• 1855August Sauer: Austria -- Literature historian (Euphorion)
• 1860Elmer A Sperry: Inventor (gyrocompass)
• 1866Antonie Waldrop: Painter / lithographer
• 1866James Ramsay MacDonald: (L) British Prime Minister (1924, 1929-35)
• 1872Ralph Vaughan Williams: Down Amp, England -- Composer (Hugh the Drover)
• 1875Aleister [Edward S] Crowley: (75 pseudonames), British occultist
• 1878Karl Buresch: Austria -- Politician
• 1880Healey Willan: Composer
• 1881Carlos Lopez Buchardo: Composer
• 1881William Nigh: Berlin, Wisconsin -- Director (Ape, Doomed to Die, Mr Wong)
• 1882Hermann Wolfgang Sartorius Waltershausen: German musicologist / composer

Died on Oct 12

• 0638Honorius I [dux plebis]: Italian Pope
• 0642Johannes IV: Dalmatisch Pope (640-42)
• 1093Robrecht de Fries: Earl of Flanders (1071-93), dies at about 62
• 1320Michael IX Paleologi: Emperor of Byzantine (1295-1320)
• 1343Reinald II: Duke of Gelre
• 1576Maximiliaan II: German King / Kaiser (1564-76)
• 1646Francois De Bassompierre: Marshal of France
• 1654Dirck Graswinckel: Dutch copurt clerk of States-General, dies at 66
• 1654Rembrandt Carel Fabritius: Painter, dies in an accident
• 1672Frederik of Nassau: Count of Buren, slain in battle
• 1685Geeraerdt Burns: Theologist / Poet / historian, dies at 59
• 1692Giovanni Battista Vitali: Composer, dies at 60
• 1694Matsuo Basho: Greatest Japanese haiku poet
• 1730Frederik IV: King of Denmark / Norway (1699-1730)
• 1791A L Karschin: Writer, dies at 68
• 1794James Lyon: Composer, dies at 59
• 1797Pierre de Jelyotte: Composer, dies at 84
• 1817Johann Franz Xaver Sterkel: Composer, dies at 66
• 1820Elias Annes Borger: Theologist / Poet (Ode on the Rhine), dies at 36
• 1829Jacobus Blue: Dutch regent / patriot, dies at about 73
• 1837Frederica Louisa Wilhelmina: Queen of the Netherlands, dies at 62
• 1844Claude Tillier: French journalist / writer (My Uncle Benjamin)
• 1858Ando Hiroshige: Japanese painter, dies at 61
• 1860Henry G W Smith: Leader of British-Indian forces, dies at 73
• 1864Roger Taney: 5th Supreme Court Chief Justice (1836-64), dies at 87
• 1865William Vincent Wallace: Composer, dies at 53
• 1915Edith L Cavell: British nurse, executed by Germans in Belgium (WWII)
• 1922Daisy M C Baers: Flemish philosophy / theory, dies at 33
• 1924Anatole France: Writer, dies at 80
• 1924Monroe A Althouse: Composer, dies at 71