Events on Oct 31

• 0802Empress Irene of Byzantium driven out
• 08341st All Hallows Eve (Halloween) observed to honor the saints
• 1517Luther posts 95 theses on Wittenberg church-Protestant Reformation
• 1552Emperor Karel and Markgraaf Albecht strike siege for Metz
• 1596English / French / Dutch delegates sign anti-Spanish "Drievoudig Covenant"
• 1617Laurens Reael resigns as Governor-General of East-Indies
• 1714Georg Ludwig van Hannover crowned as English King George I
• 1759Earthquake in Safed Palestine kills hundred
• 1793Execution of Girondins at Paris, during Reign of Terror
• 1794John Dalton 1st lecture to Manchester Literary / Philosophical Society
• 1808Holland Brigade battle at Durango, Spain
• 1837Collision of river boat Monmouth and Trement on Miss; 300 die
• 1846Donner party, unable to cross the Donner Pass, construct a winter camp
• 1864Nevada admitted as 36th state
• 1868Standard uniform approved for postal carriers
• 1871Founding of the Netherlands Protestant Union in Dokkum
• 1876Cyclone hits Bengal, about 200,000 die
• 1881Metropolitan club plays its last game of its non-league season They win 80 of 151 games (18-43 versus NL teams)
• 1888John Boyd Dunlop patents pneumatic bicycle tire
• 1900AL President Ban Johnson writes to NL President Nick Young seeking peace
• 1905Great revolutionary demonstration for amnesty in St. Petersburg
• 19084th Olympic games ends in London
• 1914Great Britain and France declare war on Turkey
• 1918Spanish flu-virus kills 21,000 in US in 1 week
• 1920Romania annexes Bessarabia
• 1921Federation Sportive Feminine International forms (1st Woman Track & Field Association)
• 1922Benito Mussolini (Il Duce) becomes Premier of Italy
• 1925Cossack officer Reza Chan replaces Sultan Ahmad Shah in Persia
• 1932Greek government of Venizelos falls
• 1937Spanish government moves from Valencia to Barcelona

Born on Oct 31

• 1291Philippe de Vitry: French composer / poet
• 1345Ferdinand I [the wise one]: King of Portugal (built navy)
• 1424Wladyslaw III Warnenczyk: King of Poland / Hungary
• 1541Hendrik van Kinschot: Dutch lawyer
• 1620John Evelyn: British diarist (Life of Mrs Godolphin)
• 1632Jan Vermeer: Holland, Netherlands -- Painter (Procuress, astronomer)
• 1638Meindert Hobbema: Amsterdams landscape painter, baptised
• 1705Clemens XIV [Giovanni Ganganelli]: Pope (1769-74)
• 1740William Paca: US judge / signer (Declaration of Independence)
• 1750Leonor de Almeida Marquesa de Alorna: Portuguese poet
• 1755Jean Louis van Aelbroeck: Flemish agronomist
• 1757Ignaz Spangler: Composer
• 1761Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck: Dutch patriot / Earl / Grand Pensionary
• 1785George F Kersting: German painter
• 1791Ferdinand Huber: Composer
• 1795John Keats: London, England -- Romantic poet (Ode to a Grecian Urn)
• 1815Karl Weierstrass: Germany -- Mathematician (theory of functions)
• 1825Raleigh Edward Colston: Brigadier General (Confederate Army), died in 1896
• 1826Hugh Boyle Ewing: Bvt Major General (Union volunteers), died in 1905
• 1831Daniel Butterfield: Major General (Union volunteers), died in 1901
• 1835Adelbert Ames: Bvt Major General (Union Army), died in 1933
• 1835J F W Adolf Ritter von Baeyer: German chemist (Nobel 1905)
• 1847Galileo Ferraris: Italian physicist (2-fasenmotor)
• 1852Mary E W Freeman: US writer (Revolt of Mother)
• 1854Georg A Erman: German Egyptologist (Grammar of Ancient Egypt)
• 1860Juliette Gordon Low: Activist / founder (Girl Scouts of America)
• 1875Seerp Anema: Poet / writer (Dutch Coasts)
• 1876Eduard van Oort: Zoologist (Ornithology of the Netherlands)
• 1887Chiang Kai-shek: Chekiang Province, China -- President of Nationalist China
• 1887Edouard Lalonde: Canada -- NHL (Montreal Canadiens) / lacrosse player

Died on Oct 31

• 1448Johannes VIII Palaeologus: Emperor of Byzantine
• 1556John Sleidanus: German humanist / Historian (Commentary), dies at 50
• 1634Erasmus Widmann: Composer, dies at 62
• 1641Cornelis C Jol [Houtebeen]: Adm (South-America), dies at about 41
• 1654Francisco Correa de Arauxo: Composer
• 1664Willem Frederik of Nassau-Dietz: Viceroy of Friesland, dies at 51
• 1744Leonardo Ortensio Salvatore de Leo: Composer, dies at 50
• 1765Duke of Cumberland: English politician / uncle of George III
• 1768Francesco Maria Veracini: Italian opera composer, dies at 78
• 1793Pierre V Vergniaud: French politician / police leader, guillotined at 40
• 1806Sophie Mereau: Writer, dies at 36
• 1815Daniel Belknap: Composer, dies at 44
• 1851Peter II Petrovic Njegos: Bishop of Montenegro (1830-51), dies at 37
• 1860Johan Nathan: Murderer, hanged
• 1863Louis Ludwig Blenker: German / US Brigadier General (Union), dies at 51
• 1865William Parson: 3rd Earl of Rosse and maker of large telescopes
• 1870Mihaly Mosonyi: Composer, dies at 55
• 1879Big Snake: Brother of Ponca chief Standing Bear
• 1887George Alexander Macfarren: Composer, dies at 74
• 1895Franz Hedrich: Austria writer, dies at about 62
• 1902Jean-Baptist Colyns: Composer, dies at 67
• 1918Egon Schiele: Austria Painter / graphic artist, dies at 28
• 1918Stephen Tisza: Hungarian Prime Minister (-1917), assassinated by soldiers
• 1925Max Linder: Actor (Man in the Silk Hat), dies at 41
• 1926Harry Houdini [Erich Weisz]: US magician, dies in Detroit
• 1939Otto Rank [Rosenfeld]: Austria psychoanalyst (Trauma of Geburt)
• 1941Herwarth Walden: Writer, dies at 63
• 1943Max Reinhardt: Austrian stage manager (Turandot)
• 1945Henry Ainley: Actor (As You Like It), dies at 66
• 1948Cissy van Marxfield [Setske Beek-de Han]: Writer

Historical events on November 1

• 0079Pompei buried by Mt Vesuvius
• 09961st use of name "Austria" for Ostarrichi / in oorkonde
• 1210King John of England begins imprisoning Jews
• 1248Earl Willem II of Holland crowned as RC German Emperor
• 1349Duke of Brabant orders execution of all Jews in Brussels, accusing them of poisoning the wells
• 1462Archduke Albrecht VI van Habsburg occupies Vienna
• 1570Netherlands hit by flood disaster, 1,000s killed
• 1623Fire at Plymouth, Massachusetts destroys several buildings
• 1628French King Louis XIII occupies La Rochelle
• 1671French King Louis XIV and RC German Emperor Leopold I sign secret anti-Dutch treaty
• 1721Prince Eugenius of Savoye unveals statue of himself
• 1755Lisbon earthquake kills more than 50,000
• 1765Stamp Act goes into effect in British colonies
• 1776Mission San Juan Capistrano founded in California
• 1784Maryland grants citizenship to Lafayette and his descendents
• 17871st free school in NYC (African Free School) opens
• 18001st President to live in White House (John Adams)
• 18341st published reference to poker (as Mississippi riverboat game)
• 1849Dutch government of Thorbecke forms
• 1861Gen George B McClellan made general in chief of Union armies
• 1863Fortifications built on Angel Island (SF Bay) by troops
• 1865Zutphen-Fishing Dutch railway opens
• 18661st Civil Rights Bill passes
• 1867"Harpers Bazaar" publishes
• 1869Deli Me forms T B V tobacco in Sumatra
• 1870US Weather Bureau begins operations (24 locations)
• 1876King Willem III opens North Sea Canal (Amsterdam-IJmuiden)
• 1877Dutch government of Heemskerk-Van Lynden resigns
• 1878Edward Scripps and John Sweeney found Penny Press (Cleveland Press)
• 1885Pope Leo XIII publishes encyclical Immortale Dei

Born on November 1

• 0846Louis II [the Stutterer]: King of France (877-79)
• 1500Benvenuto Cellini: Sculptor / goldsmith / author (Perseus)
• 1618Johannes Flittner: Composer
• 1666James Sherard: Composer
• 1731Theodore-Jean Tarade: Composer
• 1748Christoph Rheineck: Composer
• 1757Antonio Canova: Italian sculptor
• 1761Antonin Josef Alois Volanek: Composer
• 1762Spencer Perceval: (Tory), British Prime Minister (1809-12)
• 1782Viscount Goderich: (Tory), British Prime Minister (1827-28)
• 1798Benjamin Lee: Baronet Guinness, United Kingdom -- Irish brewer / Dublin Mayor
• 1805Alessandro Nini: Composer
• 1815Crawford Williamson Long: Surgeon / pioneer (use of ether)
• 1815Douglas Hancock Cooper: Brigadier General (Confederate Army), died in 1879
• 1825Joseph Benjamin Palmer: Brigadier General (Confederate Army), died in 1890
• 1832Johann Gottfred Matthison-Hansen: Composer
• 1835Godfrey Weitzel: (Union volunteers Major General, died in 1884)
• 1853Jose Santos Zelaya: (L), ruler of Nicaragua (1893-1910)
• 1855Guido Adler: Austria -- Musicologist (Still in the Music)
• 1859Charles Brantley Aycock: (Gov-North Carolina)
• 1859William Henry Grattan Flood: Composer
• 1862Johan Wagenaar: Dutch composer / conductor / Organist (Cyrano)
• 1863Alfred Reisenauer: Composer
• 1871Alexander Afanasii Spendiaryan: Composer
• 1871Stephen Crane: United States -- Novelist / poet (Red Badge of Courage)
• 1877Roger Quilter: British composer
• 1878Carlos Saavedra Lamas: Argentina -- Jurist (Nobel Peace Prize 1936)
• 1879Pal Teleki-von Szek: Geographer / Premier Hungary (1920-21, 39-41)
• 1880Alfred L Wegener: German meteorologist (continental shift)
• 1880Grantland Rice: Sportswriter (NY Her Trib 1914-30, Colliers 1925-37)

Died on November 1

• 1546Giulio Romano: Italian Painter / Architect (Ondergang der Titanen)
• 1672Heinrich Schutz: Composer, dies at 87
• 1700Carlos II: King of Spain (1665-1700), dies at 39
• 1711Christian Demelius: Composer, dies at 68
• 1750Gustaaf W van Imhoff: Dutch Governor of Ceylon (1736-40), dies at 45
• 1768Pierre van Maldere: Composer, dies at 39
• 1788Johann Samuel Schroeter: Composer
• 1810Georg Anton Kreusser: Composer, dies at 64
• 1817Giovanni Calisto Andrea Zanotti: Composer, dies at 79
• 1825Rodrigo Ferreira da Costa: Composer, dies at 49
• 1841Antoine PFGdV Celles: Belgium / Dutch / French MP
• 1844August Ferdinand Haeser: Composer, dies at 45
• 1881Jacques F H Perk: Dutch Poet (Iris), dies at 22
• 1891John A Neuhuys: Painter, dies at 59
• 1894Aleksandr III A Romanov: Czar of Russia (1881-94), dies at 49
• 1895Aleksander Zarzycki: Composer, dies at 61
• 1903[Christian M] Theodor Mommsen: German Historian (Nobel 1902)
• 1907Alfred Jarry: Writer, dies at 33
• 1914Christopher "Kit" Cradock: English Admiral, dies in battle
• 1926Louis H Chrispijn: Dutch actor / director (Krates), dies at 72
• 1927Florence Mills: Dancer / singer, dies in New York City at 32
• 1941Camille Melloy [the Paepe]: Belgian priest / Poet (Requiem), dies at 50
• 1942Hugo Distler: Composer, dies at 34
• 1950Griselio Torresola: Attempted to assassinate President Truman, shot dead
• 1955W H van Eemlandt [Haasse]: Author (Treasure Hunter of Amstel)
• 1956Lajos Asztalos: International Chess Master (1950), dies at 67
• 1959Gershon Agron: Mayor of Jerusalem, dies at 66
• 1961Alexander Cohen: Dutch anarchist / author, dies at 97
• 1961Joan McCracken: Actress (Claudie The Story of a Marriage), dies at 38
• 1962Winter Haynes Watts: Composer, dies at 78

Events on Nov 2

• 0676Donus begins his reign as Catholic Pope replacing Pope Adeodatus II
• 1355English invasion army under King Edward lands at Calais
• 1418Utrecht conquerors Ijsselstein
• 1532Zealand / South Holland flooded
• 16422nd battle at Breitenfeld Saksen: Sweden beat Ferdinand III
• 164812,000 Jews massacred by Chmielnicki hordes in Narol Podlia
• 1722Willem KH Friso (11) appointed Viceroy of Gelderland
• 1749English Ohio Trade Company forms 1st trade post
• 1772Boston: anti-English Committee of Correspondence forms
• 1783Gen Washington bids farewell to his army
• 1811Battle of Tippecanoe: General Jackson vs. indians
• 1813Treaty of Fulda
• 1824Popular presidential vote 1st recorded; Jackson beats J Q Adams
• 18352nd Seminole War begins in Osceola
• 1841Akbar Khan successfully revolts against Shah Shuja in Afghanistan
• 1851Louis Napoleon takes power in France
• 1852Franklin Pierce elected as President of US
• 1854Cobblestone paving of Washington St. between Dupont and Kearny starts
• 1879In a 6-day footrace a Mr Weston loses to a horse, 900 to 885 km
• 1880James A Garfield (R) elected President
• 1881Dutch New-Malthusiaanse Union forms
• 1889North Dakota becomes 39th and South Dakota becomes 40th state
• 1892Paul Verlaine visits Netherlands
• 1898French government-Dupuy forms
• 1898Theodor Herzl arrives in Jerusalem
• 1899Boers begin siege of Ladysmith Natal
• 1903Lyceum Theater (New Lyceum) opens at 149 W 45th St, New York City
• 1903New Amsterdam Theater opens at 214 W 42nd St, New York City
• 1904British newspaper, "Daily Mirror, " begins publishing
• 1907Ottawa Mint Proclamation is published

Born on Nov 2

• 1528Peter S Lotichius [Peter Lotz]: Neo latin poet (Collected Works)
• 1739Karl Ditters von Dittersdorf: Composer
• 1741Joan Derk van Capellen: Leader of the Netherlands Democratic Patriots
• 1755Marie-Antoinette: Queen of France, let them eat cake
• 1785Frederic Kalkbrenner: Composer
• 1785Johann Leopold Fuchs: Composer
• 1795James Knox Polk: North Carolina, United States -- 11th President (D) (1845-1849)
• 1810Andrew Atkinson Humphreys: Major General (Union volunteers), died in 1883
• 1815George Boole: Mathematician (Boolean algebra)
• 1822James Byron Gordon: Brigadier General (Confederate Army), died in 1864
• 1826Robert Hopkins Hatton: Brigadier General (Confederate Army), died in 1862
• 1826William Haines Lytle: Brigadier General (Union volunteers), died in 1863
• 1828Byron Grimes: Major General (Confederate Army), died in 1880
• 1842Otto Reubke: Composer
• 1843Caryl Florio: Composer
• 1843Elek Erkel: Composer
• 1843William James Robjohn: Composer
• 1846Antonio Pena y Goni: Composer
• 1847George Sorel: French Socialist thinker / author (violent revolutions)
• 1857Joseph F F Babinski: Polish / French neurologist (Babinski reflex)
• 1865Warren Gamaliel Harding: Ohio, United States -- (R) 29th President (1921-23)
• 1876Eugeniusz Morawsky-Dabrowa: Composer
• 1877Claire McDowell: NYC, New York -- Actress (Big Parade)
• 1880John Foulds: Composer
• 1882Leo Perutz: Writer
• 1883Frico Kafenda: Composer
• 1885Harlow Shapley: United States -- Astronomer (studied the galaxies)
• 1886Philip Merivale: Rehutia, India -- Actor (Nothing But Trouble)
• 1890Henry Borginon: Flemish nationalist / senator
• 1892Alice Brady: NYC, New York -- Actress (My Man Godfrey, Gay Divorcee, Zenobia)

Died on Nov 2

• 1171Baudouin IV: Count of Henegouwen (1120-71)
• 1171Dionysius bar Salibi: Author (Diarbekir)
• 1483Henry Stafford: Earl of Buckingham / constable of Engl, beheaded at 49
• 1588Wilhelmus Damasi: Theologist / 1st Bishop of Roermond, dies at 63
• 1610Richard Bancroft: Archbishop of Canterbury (1604-10), dies at 66
• 1635Aurelio Signoretti: Composer, dies at 68
• 1697Constantine Huygens, Jr.: Poet / Painter / cartoonist, buried
• 1717Johann Jacob Walther: Composer
• 1731Johann Matthias Leffloth: Composer, dies at 26
• 1781Jose F de Isla: Spanish Jesuit / author, dies at 78
• 1804Armand-Gaston Camus: French Chairman of Council of 500, dies at 64
• 1845Chretien Urhan: Composer, dies at 55
• 1870William F Brantly: Confederate, murdered at about 40
• 1875JWW Birch: 1st British resident of Perak Malakka, murdered
• 1882Cenobio Paniagua y Vasques: Composer, dies at 61
• 1884Auguste Emmanuel Vaucorbeil: Composer, dies at 62
• 1887Jenny Lind [Swedish Nightingale]: Soprano, dies at 67
• 1909Theodor W Ahlwardt: German orientalist, dies at 81
• 1925Antonius J Derkinderen: Dutch Painter / etcher, dies at 65
• 1931Arthur James Cook: Union leader (coal miners), dies at 47
• 1937Maude Valerie White: Composer, dies at 82
• 1950George Bernard Shaw: Irish Author (Pygmalion), dies at 94
• 1956Jacob Weinberg: Composer, dies at 77
• 1956Leo Baeck: President of World Union for Progressive Judaism, dies at 83
• 1958Adam von Ahn Carse: Composer, dies at 80
• 1960Dimitri Mitropoulos: Greek / US conductor / composer, dies at 64
• 1961James Thurber: Humorist (The Male Animal), dies at 66
• 1962Felice Lattuada: Composer, dies at 80
• 1966Mississippi John Hurt: Rocker, dies at 73
• 1966Sadao Araki: Japanese General / Minister of War (1931-34), dies at 89