Events on Nov 18

• 0794Japanese Emperor Kammu deallocates residence of Nara to Kioto
• 1105Maginulf elected anti-Pope Silvester I
• 1210Pope Innocent III excommunicates Roman Catholic Emperor Otto IV
• 1421Holland / Zealand dikes break in storm, 1000s killed
• 1421Southern sea floods 72 villages, killing est 10,000 in the Netherlands
• 1424Storm flood ravages Dutch coast
• 14771st English printed book "Dictes & Sayengis of the Phylosophers"
• 1494French King Charles VIII occupies Florence
• 1497Vasco da Gama reached the Cape of Good Hope
• 1626St-Petruskerk in Rome, initiated
• 1667Treaty of Bongaja: King Hassan-Udin of Makasar and VOC
• 1738France and Austria sign peace
• 1742Prussia and England sign anti-French military covenant
• 1745Bonnie Prince Charlies troops occupy Carlisle
• 1755Worst quake in Mass Bay area strikes Boston; no deaths report
• 1776Hessians capture Ft Lee, New Jersey
• 17871st Unitarian Minister in US ordained, Boston
• 1793Louvre officially opens in Paris
• 1803Battle of Vertieres, in which Haitians defeat French
• 1804Palver Purim 1st celebrated to commemorate miraculous escape
• 1805Lewis and Clark reach Pacific Ocean, 1st Americans to cross continent
• 1820Antarctica discovered by US Navy Captain Nathaniel B Palmer
• 1833Netherlands and Belgium sign Treaty of Zonhoven
• 1852State funeral of Duke of Wellington (London)
• 1865Mark Twain publishes "Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County"
• 1883Standard time zones forms by railroads in US and Canada
• 1889Oahu Railway begins public service in Hawaii
• 1893Pope Leo XIII publishes encyclical Providentissimus Deus
• 18941st comic strip "Origin of a New Species, " by Richard Outcault
• 18941st newspaper Sunday color comic section published (NY World)

Born on Nov 18

• 1527Luca Cambiaso: Italian painter / sculptor
• 1680Jean-Baptiste Loeillet: Composer
• 1736Carl Friedrich Christian Fasch: Composer
• 1742Felix Maximo Lopez: Composer
• 1772Louis Ferdinand: Prince of Prussia Christian, composer
• 1781Felice Blangini: Composer
• 1786Henry Rowley Bishop: British composer / conductor
• 1787Sojourner Truth: Abolitionist / feminist
• 1803Cornelius Broere: Dutch priest / poet
• 1808Antoine-Amable-Elie Elwart: Composer
• 1810Asa Gray: Sauquoit, New York -- Botanist (Flora of North America)
• 1810Benjamin Stone Roberts: Bvt Major General (Union volunteers), died in 1875
• 1812Jesse Johnson Finley: Brigadier General (Confederate Army), died in 1904
• 1824Franz Sigel: Major General (Union volunteers), died in 1902
• 1824Isham Nicholas Hayne: Brigadier General (Union volunteers), died in 1868
• 1835Americus Vespucius Rice: Brigadier General (Union volunteers), died in 1904
• 1835Cesare Lombroso: Italian psychiatrist / criminologist
• 1836William Schwenck Gilbert: London, England -- Composer (Gilbert & Sullivan)
• 1839August A Kundt: German physicist (sound vibration, test of Kundt)
• 1845John F Mellaerts: Flemish social worker (1st Belgian farm gilde)
• 1846Aloys: Liechtenstein -- Nobleman / politician
• 1860Ignacy Jan Paderewski: Composer / 1st Premier of Poland (1919-20)
• 1863Richard Dehmel: Writer
• 1869James E Sullivan: Founder (Amateur Athletic Union)
• 1871Amadeo Vives: Composer
• 1874Carrie White: Oldest US woman (dies November 1990 at 116)
• 1874Clarence Shepard Day: NYC, New York -- Author (Life with Father)
• 1874Riccardo Martin: Composer
• 1877Arthur C Pigou: English economist (Wealth & welfare)
• 1881Percy Lesueur: Hockey player / inventor (large goalie glove)

Died on Nov 18

• 0942Odo van Cluny: 2nd abbott of Cluny (924-42)
• 1170Albrecht I "Bear": 1st margrave of Brandenburg (1150-70), dies at 70
• 1603Elisabeth van Nassau: Daughter of Juliana, dies at 61
• 1630Esaias van der Velde: Dutch painter, buried
• 1678Giovanni Maria Bononcini: Composer, dies at 36
• 1771Giuseppe de Majo: Composer, dies at 73
• 1822Anton Teyber: Composer, dies at 66
• 1822George Knowil Jackson: Composer, dies at 65
• 1827Wilhelm Hauff: Writer, dies at 24
• 1841Georg Chistoph Grosheim: Composer, dies at 77
• 1851Ernst August: Duke of Cumberland / King of Hanover (1837-51), dies at 80
• 1852Anton Bernhard Furstenau: Composer, dies at 60
• 1883Wilhelm Siemens: German / British physicist (steam engine)
• 1886Chester A Arthur: 21st President (1881-85), dies in New York at 56
• 1887Eduard Marxsen: Composer, dies at 81
• 1887Gustav T Fechner: German psychologist / physicist, dies at 86
• 1887Heinrich Panofka: German violist / composer, dies at 80
• 1889William Allingham: Irish Poet (Day & Night Songs), dies at 68
• 1904Justus van Maurik: Cigar manufacturer / Author / head of Red Guard
• 1911Alfred Binet: French child psychologist
• 1917Henry Spiekman: Social-democratic politician, dies at 43
• 1919Ferdinand Domela Newenhouse: Anarchist (free socialist)
• 1922Marcel Proust: French Author (Recherche du Temps Perdu), dies at 51
• 1929Henricus Van de Wetering: Archbishop Utrecht (1895-1929), dies at 78
• 1941Walter H Nernst: German chemist (Nobel Prize 1920), dies at 77
• 1946Donald Meek: Scotland, actor (Stage Fair, Stagecoach), dies at 86
• 1950Gerardus van de Lion: Dutch Minister of Education, dies at 60
• 1951John H Van Maarseveen: Dutch Minister of Justice, dies at 57
• 1951Vaclav Kalik: Composer, dies at 60
• 1951William Henry Bennett Vodery: Composer, dies at 66

Historical events on November 19

• 0461St. Hilary begins his reign as Catholic Pope
• 0498Anastasius II ends his reign as Catholic Pope
• 0615Pope Deusdedit / Adeodatus I elected to succeed Boniface IV
• 1302Pope Boniface VIII delegates degree "Unam sanctam"
• 1367League of Cologne goes against Danish King Waldemar IV
• 1493Christopher Columbus discovers Puerto Rico, on his 2nd voyage
• 1530Augsburg: Emperor Karel I enables Edict of Worms
• 1620Mayflower reaches Cape Cod and explores the coast
• 1621Rabbi Isaiah b Abraham aha-Levi Horowitz arrives in Israel
• 16441st protestant ministry society in New England
• 1700Battle at Narva: Swedish King Karel XII beats Russians
• 1794Jay Treaty, 1st US extradition treaty, signed with Great Britain
• 1824Storm causes St. Petersburg flood, killing 10,000
• 1837Floridsdorf-Deutsch Wagram railway in Austria opens
• 1850Lord Tennyson becomes British Poet laureate
• 1861Julia Ward Howe committed "Battle Hymn of the Republic" to paper
• 1863Lincoln delivers his address in Gettysburg; "4 score & 7 years..."
• 1879National Association of Trotting Horse Breeders determines what "is" a trotter
• 1887Start of Sherlock Holmes "Adventure of Dying Detective" (BG)
• 18931st newspaper color supplement (NY World)
• 18941st mushroom on a stamp (China 1 and 5 Ap)
• 1894Dutch troops occupy and plunders palace of Tjakra Negara, Lombok
• 1895Frederick E Blaisdell patents the pencil
• 1896Start of Sherlock Holmes "Adventure of Sussex Vampire" (BG)
• 1903Carrie Nation attempts to address Senate
• 1906London selected to host 1908 Olympics
• 1909Former Dutch Premier Abraham Kuyper denies corruption
• 1911New York receives 1st Marconi wireless transmission from Italy
• 1919US Senate rejects (55-39) Treaty of Versailles and League of Nations
• 1922Demonstration for a French Language University in Ghent

Born on November 19

• 1600Charles I: King of England (1625-49); executed by Parliament
• 1600Lieuwe van Aitzema: Dutch historian (Matters of State & War)
• 1607Erasmus Quellinus II [Quellien]: Flemish painter / etcher
• 1616Eustache Le Sueur: French painter
• 1709Pierre Leclair: Composer
• 1711Michail V Lomonosov: Russian Scholar / poet
• 1752George Rogers Clark: Frontier military leader in Revolutionary War
• 1753Stanislas Champein: Composer
• 1761Joseph Supries: Composer
• 1770Albert Bertel Thorvaldsen: Copenhagen, Denmark -- Sculptor (Dying Lion)
• 1770Bertel Thowwaldsen: Danish sculptor
• 1796Johann Wilhelm Mangold: Composer
• 1805Ferdinand de Lesseps: France -- Diplomat (built Suez Canal)
• 1810August Willich: Bvt Major General (Union volunteers), died in 1878
• 1811John Ancrum Winslow: Comm (Union Navy), died in 1873
• 1827Isaac Munroe St John: Brigadier General (Confederate Army), died in 1880
• 1831James A Garfield: Ohio, United States -- Gen / (R) 20th President (March 4-Sept 19, 1881)
• 1833Wilhelm Dilthey: German philosopher (Das Leben Schleiermans)
• 1834Georg H Quincke: German physicist (test of Quincke)
• 1835Fitzhugh Lee: Major General (Confederate Army), died in 1905
• 1846Emile C Wauters: Belgium -- Painter (Van der Goes in the Red Monastery)
• 1859Mikhail Mikhayl Ippolitov-Ivanov: Russia -- Musician (Armenian Rhapsody)
• 1870Vicente Lleo: Composer
• 1874Karl Adrian Wohlfart: Composer
• 1875Michael I Kalinin: Russian metal worker / head of state
• 1879Karel van den Oever: Flemish author / poet (Geuzenstad)
• 1885Erskine Sanford: Trinidad, Colorado -- Actor (Angel on My Shoulder)
• 1886Fernand Crommelynck: Belgian playwright (Le Cocu Magnificent)
• 1899Allen Tate: United States -- Poet (Mr Pope & Other Poems)
• 1900Anna Seghers [Netty Radvanyi-Reiling]: German author (7th Cross)

Died on November 19

• 0498Anastasius II: Pope (496-9)8 (Dante Inferno XI, 8-9)
• 1272David of Augsburg: Franciscan minister / author
• 1316Jan I: King of France (November 15-19. 1316)
• 1389Dimitri Ivanovitch "Donskoi": Monarch of Vladimir-Soezdal, dies at 39
• 1472Joannes / Basilius Bessarion: Archbishop of Nicaea
• 1495Alfonso II: King of Naples (1494-95)
• 1630Johann Hermann Schein: German Composer (Opella Nova), dies at 44
• 1665Nicholas Poussin: French painter
• 1692Georg F von Waldeck: German commander-in-chief (Colors)
• 1703Man in the Iron Mask: Prisoner in Bastille prison in Paris
• 1719Jean Deutz: Minster of Heemskerk / Merchant / Amsterdam regent, dies at 64
• 1785Bernard de Bury: Composer, dies at 65
• 1798Theobald W Tone: Irish nationalist
• 1804Pietro Alessandro Guglieli: Italian opera composer, dies at 75
• 1825Jan Vaclav Hugo Vorisek: Composer, dies at 34
• 1854Alberich Zwyssig: Composer, dies at 46
• 1880Bernard de Hair: Vicar / Poet / church historian, dies at 74
• 1887Emma Lazarus: US Poet ("Give us your tired and poor"), dies in New York at 38
• 1899[Maria] Catharina Beersmans: Belgian actress (Medea), dies at 55
• 1908Albert Dietrich: Composer, dies at 79
• 1911Ramon Caceres: President (Dominican Republic), murdered
• 1915Joe Hill: Labor leader / songwriter, executed for murder
• 1915Solomon Schechter: Theologist, dies at about 64
• 1923French Netscher: Author / journalist (In 3rd Chamber), dies at 59
• 1924Lee Stack: British sirdar in Egypt / Governor-General of Sudan, murdered
• 1928Achille Simonetti: Composer, dies at 71
• 1929Arthur H Mann: English Composer (Church of England Hymnal)
• 1931Frederic Cliffe: Composer, dies at 74
• 1932Marie MJ Poupelet: French Sculptor / poster artist
• 1933Enrique Jose Varona: Cuban sociologist / Vice President, dies at 84

Events on Nov 20

• 1168Giovanni di Struma elected anti-Pope
• 1272Edward I proclaimed King of England
• 1342Pope Clemens VI names John IV of Arkel as Bishop of Utrecht
• 1347Roman tribunal Coke di Rienzo beats nobles
• 14311st meeting of Order of Guilder Flies
• 1520Friesland hit by heavy hail storm
• 1521Arabs attribute shortage of water in Jerusalem to Jews making wine
• 1583Duke of Parma conquerors Aalst
• 1616Bishop Richelieu becomes French Minister of Foreign Affairs / War
• 1637Peter Minuit and 1st Swedish immigrants to Delaware sail from Sweden
• 1719Sweden and Hannover sign peace Treaty of Stockholm
• 1755English Minister William Pitt Sr resigns
• 1780Britain declares war on Holland
• 1789New Jersey is 1st state to ratify Bill of Rights
• 1795Curacao government forbids slave work on Sunday
• 18152nd Peace of Paris: France and allies
• 1815Russia, Prussia, Austria and England signs Great Alliance
• 18171st Seminole War begins in Florida
• 1829Jews expelled from Nikolayev and Sevastopol Russia
• 1833Charles Darwin reaches Punta Gorda, sees Rio Uruguay
• 1862Armies of Mississippi / Kentucky merge as Army of Tennessee
• 1862Confederate army of Tennessee, organizes under General Braxton Bragg
• 1865Howard University forms in Washington DC
• 1866Howard University founded (Washington, DC)
• 1866Pierre Lalemont patents rotary crank bicycle
• 1873Rival cities of Buda and Pest unite to form the capital of Hungary
• 1888William Bundy patents timecard clock
• 1889Gustav Mahlers 1st Symphony
• 1890Pope Leo XIII encyclical On slavery in missions
• 1894US intervenes in Bluefields, Nicaragua

Born on Nov 20

• 1327Bassui Tokusho: Zen founder (Kogakuji monastery in Nakamura Japan)
• 1602Otto von Guericke: Inventor (air pump)
• 1606Abraham de Wicquefort: Dutch diplomat / historian
• 1620Peregrine White: Son of WM and Susanna White, born aboard Mayflower
• 1625Artus II Quellinus "the Young": Flemish sculptor, baptised
• 1652Romanus Weichlein: Composer
• 1752Thomas Chatterton: English poet (Christabel)
• 1757Giovanni Battista Gaiani: Composer
• 1759Nikolaus Paul Zmeskall: Composer
• 1761Pius VIII [Francesco S Castiglioni]: Italy -- 253rd Pope (1829-30)
• 1765Friedrich Heinrich Himmel: Composer
• 1766John Wall Calcott: Composer
• 1781Karl F Eichhorn: German law historian
• 1802James Lawrence Lardner: Comm (Union Navy), died in 1881
• 1830Patrick Henry Jones: Brigadier General (Union volunteers), died in 1900
• 1834Franjo Zaver Kuhac: Composer
• 1836John Thomas Croxton: Bvt Major General (Union volunteers), died in 1874
• 1841Wilfrid Laurier: (L) 7th Canadian Prime Minister (1896-1911)
• 1850Arthor Goring Thomas: Composer
• 1862Willem H Vliegen: Dutch typographer / co-founder / Chairman (SDAP)
• 1863Maria H "Mina" Beersmans: Flemish actress (Black Griet)
• 1864Gerard W Kernkamp: Dutch historian / editor (Groene Amsterdammer)
• 1866Kenesaw Mountain Landis: Judge / 1st commissioner of baseball
• 1867Vicente Ripolles: Composer
• 1869Clark Griffith: Missouri, United States -- Baseball player / manager (New York Yankees)
• 1871William H Kilpatrick: US mathematician / philosopher / educator
• 1873Daniel Gregory Mason: Brookline, Massachusetts -- Composer (Chanticker)
• 1879Franz Pfemfert: Writer
• 1884Norman Thomas: Marion, Ohio -- Socialist (Presidential Candidate 1928-48)
• 1886Karl von Frisch: Zoologist / bee expert (Nobel 1973)

Died on Nov 20

• 0967Aboe al-Faradj al-Isfahani: Arabic Author (Book of liederen)
• 1347Stefano Colonna: Roman senator, dies in battle
• 1480Eleonora van Austrian: Translator
• 1518Pierre de la Rue / Peter van Straten: Flemish composer
• 1527Wendelmoet "Weyntjen" Claesdochter: 1st Dutch woman burned as heretic
• 1669Arnold Geulincx: South Netherlands philosopher (Cholera), dies at 45
• 1675Francisco de Moura y Cortereal: Spanish land guardian of the Netherlands (1664-68)
• 1678Charles Dujardin: Painter / etcher (Learned Dog), dies at about 56
• 1713Thomas Tompion: English clock maker (cylinder tunnel)
• 1737Caroline of Ansbach: Queen of Great-Britain
• 1741Melchior de Polignac: French diplomat / clergyman
• 1750Wilhelmus Schortinghuis: Theologist (Christian religion), dies at 50
• 1758Johan Helmich Roman: Finnish Composer / violist, dies at 64
• 1764Christian Goldbach: German mathematician
• 1827Alexey Nikolayevich Titov: Composer, dies at 58
• 1851Wenzel Sedlak: Composer, dies at 75
• 1856Farkas / Wolfgang Bolyai: Hungarian mathematician, dies at 81
• 1863James Bruce: Count of Elgin and Kincardine, Governor Jamaica, dies at 52
• 1882Bela Albrecht Pal Keler: Composer, dies at 62
• 1887Louis Gallait: Belgian Painter (Egmont & Receiver), dies at 77
• 1894Anton Rubinstein: Russian Composer (Dmitri Donskoi), dies at 64
• 1898John Fowler: English engineer (London Metropolitan Railway)
• 1899Carl A E Ahlqvist [A Oksanen]: Finnish translator, dies at 63
• 1925Alexandra: Danish princess / Queen of Great Britain, dies at 80
• 1927Karl Wilhelm Eugen Stenhammer: Composer, dies at 56
• 1939Marie Joseph Leon Desire Paque: Composer, dies at 72
• 1944Sekio Nishina: Japanese inventor (kaiten-suicide submarine)
• 1950Francesco Cilea: Composer, dies at 84
• 1952Benedetto Croce: Italian philosopher (La Critica), dies at 86
• 1957Weldon Hart: Composer, dies at 46