Events in year of 1609
- 01-31Wisselbank of Amsterdam established
- 03-12Bermuda becomes an English colony
- 03-25Henry Hudson embarks on an exploration for Dutch East India Company
- 04-09Spain and Netherlands sign 12 Year Resistant Pact
- 06-17Netherlands, England and France sign 12 year Covenant
- 07-06Majesteitsbrief: Emperor Rudolf II grants Bohemia freedom of religion
- 07-09Emperor Rudolf II grants Bohemian protestants freedom of religion
- 07-10Catholic German monarchy forms Catholic League
- 07-20Emperor Rudolf II grants Silezische protestants freedom of religion
- 07-28Admiral George Somers settles in Bermuda
- 08-25Galileo demonstrates his 1st telescope to Venetian lawmakers
- 08-28Henry Hudson, discovers and explores Delaware Bay
- 09-01Pieter Both sworn in as 1st Governor-General of East Indies
People born in year of 1609
- 02-10John Suckling: English Cavalier poet / dramatist / courtier
- 02-18Edward Hyde: Earl of Clarendon, English Prime Minister (1660-67)
- 03-16Michael Franck: Composer
- 03-18Frederick III: King of Denmark and Norway (1648-70); absolutist
- 03-21Jan II Kazimierz: Cardinal / King of Poland (1648-68)
- 03-22John II Casimir Vasa: Cardinal / King of Poland (1648-68)
- 05-16Ferdinand: Austria -- Cardinal of Spain / Governor of the Netherlands
- 07-27Heinrich Pape: Composer
- 07-28Judith J Leyster: Dutch house painter, baptised
- 08-29Sassoferrato [Giovanni B Salvi]: Italian painter (Madonna)
- 08-30Artus I Quellinus "the Old": Flemish sculptor, baptised
- 10-05Paul Fleming: Writer
People died in year of 1609
- 01-21Joseph Justus Scaliger: French inventor of "Julian Period", dies at 68
- 02-07Ferdinand I: Cardinal / ruler of Toscane
- 02-28Paul Sartorius: Composer, dies at 39
- 05-26Cornelis Claesz: Mapmaker, buried
- 07-15Annibale Carracci: Painter
- 07-20Federico Zuccari: Italian Mannerist painter, dies at about 69
- 08-07Eustache du Caurroy: Composer, dies at 60
- 10-19Jacobus Arminius [Jacob Hermans]: Theologist, dies at about 49
Events in year of 1610
- 01-01German astronomer Simon Marius 1st discovers the Jupiter moons, but does not officially report it, Galileo does on July 1 1610
- 01-07Galileo discovers 1st 3 Jupiter satellites, Io, Europa and Ganymede
- 01-13Galileo Galilei discovers Callisto, 4th satellite of Jupiter
- 02-14Polish King Sigismund III, Forges Dimitri #2 and Romanov family sign covenant against Czar Vasili Shushki
- 02-28Thomas West, Baron de La Mar, is appointed Governor of Virginia
- 03-21King James I addresses English House of Commons
- 05-15Parliament of Paris appoints Louis XIII (8) as French King
- 06-101st Dutch settlers arrive (from New Jersey), to colonize Manhattan Island
- 08-02Henry Hudson enters bay later named after him, the Hudson Bay
- 08-27Polish King Wladyslaw crowned King of Russia
- 10-28Thomas West baron De La Mar appointed as 1st gov of Virginia colony
People born in year of 1610
- 02-13Jean de la Badie: French divine, founder of Lagardists
- 03-01Johann B Schup [Schuppius]: German poet / historian
- 03-19Hasegawa Tohaku: Japanese painter
- 04-22Alexander VIII [Pietro Ottoboni]: Italy -- Lawyer / Pope (1689-91)
- 05-24Giovanni Battista Chinelli: Composer
- 06-03Jacob Neefs: Flemish engraver / publisher, baptised
- 07-04Cornelis Evertsen [the Elder]: Dutch / Swiss Vice-Admiral
- 07-04Paul Scarron: French playwright (Virgile Travesti)
- 07-14Ferdinand II: Monarch of Toscane
- 12-15David Teniers II: Flemish courtpainter (Theatrum Pictorium)
- 12-18Charles Du Fresne Du Cange: French Scholar / philologist
People died in year of 1610
- 04-15Johan van Duivenoorde: Mister of Warmond, dies at about 62
- 04-18Robert Parsons: English Jesuit leader / plotter, dies at 63
- 05-11Matteo Ricci: Italian Missionary (China)
- 05-14Henry IV: 1st Bourbon-king of France (1572, 89-1610), murdered at 56
- 11-02Richard Bancroft: Archbishop of Canterbury (1604-10), dies at 66
- 11-21Benedict van Canfield [William Fish]: English missionary
- 12-11Adam Elsheimer: German Painter / cartoonist / etcher, buried at 32
- 12-11Forges Dimitri 2: Czar of Russia, murdered
Events in year of 1611
- 03-04George Abbot appointed Archbishop of Canterbury
- 04-14Word "telescope" is 1st used (Prince Federico Cesi)
- 05-23Matthias von Habsburg chosen King of Bohemia
- 06-13John Fabricius dedicates earliest sunspot publication
- 06-22Henry Hudson and son set adrift in Hudson Bay by mutineers
- 06-23Henry Hudson set adrift in Hudson Bay by mutineers on his ship Discovery and never seen again
- 08-11Emperor Rudolf forces out King of Bohemia
- 10-30Gustaaf II Adolf (17) becomes King of Sweden
People born in year of 1611
- 01-07James Harrington: England, United Kingdom -- Political author (Commonwealth of Oceans)
- 01-28Johannes Hevelius: Danzig -- Astronomer (star cataloger)
- 02-19Andries de Graeff: Mayor of Amsterdam (1657..71)
- 04-09Giacomo Maria Predieri: Composer
- 05-04Carlo Rainaldi: Composer
- 05-19Innocent XI [Benedetto Odescalchi]: Italy -- 240th Pope (1676-89)
- 06-01Felician Schwab: Composer
- 06-22Pablo Bruna: Composer
- 08-09Henry Earl of Nassau-Siegen: Colonel / Governor of Hulst Netherlands
- 10-11Hugues de Lionne [Marquess de Berry]: French ambassador to Rome
- 10-18Valentin Strobel: Composer
- 11-03Henry Ireton: English General / MP (Edgehill)
People died in year of 1611
- 02-08Jan H Van Linschoten: Traveller / writer (Reys-Gheschrift)
- 04-01Gillis van Valkenborch: Flemish painter, buried at about 72
- 10-30Karl IX: King of Sweden (1604-11)