Events in year of 1866
- 01-09Fisk University establishes
- 02-04Mary Baker Eddy cures her injuries by opening a bible
- 02-10Dutch government Frans van der Putte forms
- 02-13Jesse James holds up his 1st bank, Liberty, Missouri ($15,000)
- 02-21Lucy B Hobbs (Taylor) becomes 1st US woman to earn a DDS degree
- 02-26New York Legislature forms NYC Metropolitan Board of Health
- 03-01Paraguayan canoes sink 2 Brazilian ironclads on Rio Parana
- 03-021st US company to make sewing needles by machine incorporated, Conn
- 03-19Immigrant ship Monarch of the Seas sinks in Liverpool; 738 die
- 03-27Andrew Rankin patents the urinal
- 03-27President Johnson vetoes civil rights bill; it later becomes 14th amend
- 03-281st ambulance goes into service
- 04-01US Congress rejects presidential veto gives all equal rights in US
- 04-02President Johnson ends war in Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Mississippi, Louisiana, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, and Virgina
- 04-06G.A.R. forms
- 04-10American Society for Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (ASPCA) forms
- 04-16Karakozov attempts to assassinate Tsar Alexander II of Russia
- 04-16Nitroglycerine at Wells Fargo and Co office explodes
- 05-01American Equal Rights Association forms
- 05-07German Premier Otto von Bismarck seriously wounded in assassin attempt
- 05-08Australian Rules Football is created
- 05-16Charles Elmer Hires invents root beer
- 05-16Congress authorizes nickel 5 cent piece (replaces silver half-dime)
- 05-16US Treasury Department authorizes nickel
- 05-18French Government of De Putte resigns
- 05-211st-class debut of G F Grace aged 15 years 159 days
- 05-24Berkeley, California named (for George Berkeley, Bishop of Cloyne)
- 05-28Dutch government of Zuylen van Nijevelt / Heemskerk forms
- 05-30Opera "Die Verkaufte Braut" premieres (Prague)
- 06-01General Dutch Typographer Union forms
People born in year of 1866
- 01-09Albert Baertsoen: Flemish painter / etcher
- 01-13Vasily Sergeyevich Kalinnikov: Composer
- 01-19Harry Davenport: NYC, New York -- Actor / director (Her Unborn Child, My Sin)
- 01-20Richard Le Gallienne: English writer (Maker of Gainborg)
- 01-25Emile Vandervelde: Leader of Belgian BWP party
- 01-29Romain Rolland: France -- Writer (Jean-Christophe) (Nobel 1915)
- 01-30Gelett Burgess: Author (Purple Cow)
- 01-31Emil Strauss: Germany -- Writer (Naked Man)
- 02-05Arthur Keith: Scottish anthropologist
- 02-05Henri [Hendrik J] Hall: Dutch MP / comic (Put a Lid on it)
- 02-05Rossetter Gleason Cole: Composer
- 02-06Karl T Sapper: German geography / geologist (Vulkankunde)
- 02-07Raf[ael] Verhulst [Koen Ravestein]: Flemish writer (Jesus of Nazarus)
- 02-09George Ade: United States -- Journalist / playwright / humorist (Fables in Slang)
- 02-10Bror Beckman: Composer
- 02-10Rafael Altamira Crevea: Spanish lawyer / historian
- 02-15Bannister Fletcher: London, England -- Architect and architectural historian
- 02-16Vyacheslav I Ivanov: Russian philosopher / classical / poet
- 02-16William "Sliding Billy" Hamilton: New Jersey, United States -- Hall of fame baseball player
- 02-24Arthur Pearson: Wookey Somerset, England -- Newspaper proprietor
- 02-25Benedetto Croce: Italy -- Humanist / historian / editor / philosopher
- 02-26Herbert Henry Dow: Pioneer in US chemical industry (Dow Chemical)
- 03-07Paul Ernst: Writer
- 03-18Dumitru Kiriac-Georgescu: Composer
- 03-18John Loudon: Dutch Minister of Foreign Affairs (1913-18)
- 03-21Antonia Caetana de Paiva Pereira Maury: Astronomer
- 03-24Jack McAuliffe: US lightweight boxing champ and hall of famer
- 04-01Ferruccio D M B Busoni: Italy -- Pianist / composer / conductor (Arlecchino)
- 04-01Sophonisba Breckenridge: Scholar / teacher / social activist
- 04-03James B Hertzog: South African General / Premier (1914-39)
People died in year of 1866
- 01-27John Gibson: Sculptor
- 03-04Alexander Campbell: Irish / US founder Disciples of Christ, dies at 77
- 03-10Antonio Francesco Gaetano S Pacini: Composer, dies at 87
- 03-19Louis Clapisson: Composer, dies at 57
- 03-20Rikard Nordraak: Composer, dies at 23
- 03-24Maria Amalia: Of Bourbon-Sicily, Wife of Louis Filips of Austria
- 03-29Menachem Mendel of Lubavitch: Rabbi / Chassidic leader
- 04-01Aime Ambroise Simon Leborne: Composer, dies at 98
- 04-01Johannes C H de Meijere: Dutch zoologist
- 05-17Adolf Bernhard Marx: Composer, dies at 70
- 06-18Jacobus T Abels: Painter, dies at 62
- 06-23Samuel Sarphati: Amsterdam Physician / social activist, dies at 53
- 07-20G F Berhard Riemann: German Mathematician (zeta-function)
- 07-23Thomas Forbes Walmisley: Composer, dies at 83
- 07-25Aloys Schmitt: German music theory / Composer / royal pianist
- 09-09Gergely Czuczor: Hungarian / Czech Poet / translator, dies at 65
- 09-26Carl Almqvist: Swedish Author (Amorina), dies at 72
- 11-26Adrien Francois Servais: Composer, dies at 59
- 11-26Carl Jonas Love Almquist: Composer, dies at 72
- 12-03Johann Wenzel Kalliwoda: Composer, dies at 65
- 12-26Samuel Ryan Curtis: Union General Major, dies at 49
Events in year of 1867
- 02-01Bricklayers start working 8-hour days
- 02-03Prince Mutsuhito, 14, becomes Emperor Meiji of Japan (1867-1912)
- 02-06Peabody Fund forms to promote Black education in South
- 02-09Nebraska becomes 37th US state
- 02-14Hartford Steam Boiler Inspection and Insurance Co issues 1st policy
- 02-14Morehouse College organizes (Augusta Georgia)
- 02-171st ship passes through Suez Canal
- 02-17Gyula Andressy becomes Premier of Hungary
- 03-01Howard University, Washington DC, chartered
- 03-01Most of Nebraska becomes 37th US state (expanded later)
- 03-021st Reconstruction act passed by Congress
- 03-02Congress abolishes peonage in New Mexico
- 03-02Congress created the Department of Education
- 03-02Congress passed the 1st Reconstruction Act
- 03-02Jesse James-gang robs bank in Savannah Missouri, 1 dead
- 03-02US Congress creates the Department of Education
- 03-11Great Mauna Loa eruption (Hawaiian volcano)
- 03-12Last French troops leave Mexico
- 03-15Michigan becomes 1st state to tax property to support a university
- 03-29British North America Act (Canadian constitution) passes
- 03-29Congress approves Lincoln Memorial
- 04-01Blacks vote in municipal election in Tuscumbia, Alabama
- 04-01International Exhibition opens in Paris
- 04-01Singapore, Penang and Malakka become British crown colonies
- 04-23Queen Victoria and Napoleon III turn down plans for a channel tunnel
- 04-24Black demonstrators stage ride-ins on Richmond Va streetcars
- 04-25Tokyo opens for foreign trade
- 05-01Howard University chartered
- 05-01Reconstruction of South begins, black voter registration
- 05-07Blacks stage ride-in to protest segregation in New Orleans
People born in year of 1867
- 01-01Charles Edward Montague: English author / critic (Fiery Particles)
- 01-01Lew Fields: Comedian (of Weber & Fields)
- 01-06Georges Martin Witkowski: Composer
- 01-08Emily Green Balch: United States -- Sociologist / feminist / pacifist (Nobel 1946)
- 01-09Jacques Urlus: Dutch tenor (Opera of Leipzig, Song of the Earth)
- 01-21James Marcus: Actor (Eagle, Little Lord Fauntleroy, Lone Avenger)
- 01-21Maxime Weygard: French General / Governor-General (Algeria)
- 01-21Willem C Royaards: Dutch theater director (Summer Games)
- 01-23Herbert Bedford: Composer
- 01-27Claude Antoine Terrasse: Composer
- 02-05Casper A Lingbeek: Vicar / Dutch MP (HSP, 1925..37)
- 02-07Laura Ingalls Wilder: Wisconsin, United States -- Kid book author (Little House on Prarie)
- 02-09Edward Naylor: Composer
- 02-11August W Messer: German philosopher / educator / psychologist
- 02-12Joe Howard: NYC, New York -- Vocalist (Gay Nineties Revue)
- 02-17William Cadbury: England, United Kingdom -- Chocolate manufacturer (Cadbury)
- 02-21Otto Hermann Kahn: Banker, organized Metropolitan Opera Company
- 02-26Siegfried Passarge: German geographer (Cameroon / So Afr / America)
- 02-27Irving Fisher: US economist (compensating dollar)
- 02-27Wilhelm Peterson-Berger: Composer
- 03-03Gustav Strube: Composer
- 03-10Lillian D Wald: United States -- Sociologist / organizer (Visiting Nurses)
- 03-15Lionel Pigot Johnson: England, United Kingdom -- Poet / critic (Ireland & Other Poems)
- 03-15Will Rossiter: Composer
- 03-18Michael G de Boer: Historian (Harbor of Amsterdam)
- 03-25Arturo Toscanini: Parma, Italy -- Temperamental conductor (NBC)
- 03-25Gutzon Borglum: Sculptor (Mt Rushmore)
- 03-27Edyth Walker: US singer
- 03-29Cy [Denton True] Young: Gilmore, Ohio -- Pitcher (511 wins, 1890-1911)
- 04-11John P Lotsy: Dutch Botanist / geneticist (Genetics)
People died in year of 1867
- 01-12Victor Cousin: French philosopher / Minister of Education, dies at 74
- 02-05Salomon Munk: Published Arabic edition of Maimounides
- 02-23George Thomas Smart: Composer, dies at 90
- 03-02French A Durlet: Belgian Sculptor / architect, dies at 50
- 03-06Wiktor Kazynski: Composer, dies at 54
- 03-16Benjamin Hanby: Composer, dies at 33
- 03-22Ferdinando Giorgetti: Composer, dies at 70
- 05-23Archibald Alison: Scottish historian, dies at 74
- 06-19Maximilian F J: Austrian Archduke / Emperor of Mexico
- 08-07Ira F Aldridge: US actor (Othello / Shylock), dies at 63 in Lodes, Poland
- 08-10Ira Aldridge: Famed Shakespearean actor (Othello, Shylock)
- 08-14Niccola Benvenuti: Composer, dies at 84
- 08-27Karol Katski: Composer, dies at 51
- 08-31[Pierre-]Charles Baudelaire: French Poet (Journaux Intimes), dies at 46
- 09-01Edward Hodges: Composer, dies at 71
- 09-10Simon Sechter: Composer, dies at 78
- 10-05Thomas Taglichsbeck: Composer, dies at 67
- 10-10Ignacy Feliks Dobrzynski: Composer, dies at 60
- 10-16Salomon J Rappoport: Czech rabbi (Ereg miliem)
- 10-26John Fawcett: Composer, dies at 77
- 11-03Pieter J Jong: Dutch Zouave, dies in battle
- 12-06Giovanni Pacini: Composer, dies at 71
- 12-07Rudolf Viole: Composer, dies at 42
- 12-19Jean-Georges Kastner: Composer, dies at 57
- 12-22Jean-Victor Poncelet: French Mathematician (kinematics), dies at 79
Events in year of 1868
- 01-07Arkansas constitutional convention meets in Little Rock
- 01-07Mississippi constitutional convention meets in Jackson
- 01-14NC constitutional convention meets in Raleigh
- 01-14SC constitutional convention, meets with a black majority
- 01-16Refrigerator car patented by William Davis, a fish dealer in Detroit
- 01-20Florida constitutional convention meets in Tallahassee
- 02-10Conservatives and military, seize Convention Hall in Florida
- 02-16Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks forms (NY)
- 02-241st US parade with floats (Mardi Gras-Mobile Alabama)
- 02-24House of Reps vote 126 to 47, to impeach President Andrew Johnson
- 02-291st British government of Disraeli forms
- 03-02University of Illinois opens
- 03-05Stapler patented in England by C H Gould
- 03-05US Senate organizes to decide charges against President Andrew Johnson
- 03-09The opera "Hamlet" premieres in Paris
- 03-12Britain annexed Basutoland in Africa
- 03-12Great Britain annexes Basutoland in Africa
- 03-13Senate begins President Andrew Johnson impeachment trial
- 03-17Postage stamp canceling machine patent issued
- 03-20Jesse James Gang robs bank in Russelville Kentucky of $14,000
- 03-23University of California founded (Oakland, California)
- 03-24Metropolitan Life Insurance Co forms
- 03-31Chinese Embassy arrives aboard steamship China
- 04-01Hampton Institute opens
- 04-06Brigham Young marries his 27th and final wife
- 04-10Brits defeat King of Abyssinia at Magdala
- 04-14SC voters approved constitution, 70,758 to 27,228
- 04-16Louisiana voters approve new constitution
- 04-18San Francisco Society for Prevention of Cruelty to Animals formed
- 05-15Dutch Government of Zuylen van Nijevelt falls
People born in year of 1868
- 01-03Franz V M Cumont: Belgian religious historian
- 01-06Vittorio Monti: Composer
- 01-07Abraham M "Mark" Lidzbarski: Polish / German orientalist
- 01-08Frank Dyson: Proved Einstein right about light bent by gravity
- 01-14Catharina A M de Savornin Lohman: Dutch author (Belief)
- 01-15Noach Zjordanija: Georgian veterinarian / Premier (1918-21)
- 01-16Cyril Metodej Hrazdira: Composer
- 01-19Gustav Meyrink: Writer
- 01-23Juventino Rosas: Composer
- 01-27Cato Engelen-Sewing: Dutch soprano prima donna (Dutch Opera)
- 01-28Frederick Archibald Lamond: Composer
- 01-28Julian Aguirre: Composer
- 01-31Theodore William Richards: Chemist (atomic weights, Nobel-1914)
- 02-03Damaso Ledesma: Composer
- 02-04Constance Gore-booth Markiewicy: Irish patriot / playwright / MP
- 02-05Lodewijk Mortelmans: Composer
- 02-10William Allen White: Emporia, Kansas -- Editor (Pulitzer 1942)
- 02-12Johan H A Schaper: Dutch MP / founder (SDAP)
- 02-14Henricus A Poels: Dutch RC theologist / social foreman
- 02-16Wilhelm Schmidt: German anthropologist / linguist (Anthropos)
- 02-22Henri Polak: Union leader / politician (soc-dem)
- 02-23William E B Du Bois: Massachusetts, United States -- Civil rights writer (Souls of Black Folk)
- 02-25Anthony J Block: Dutch lawyer (strafproces)
- 02-26Leonard Borwick: Pianist
- 03-03Alain [Emile-Auguste Chartier]: French philosopher / writer
- 03-05Prosper Poullet: Belgian viscount / jurist / minister
- 03-20Obe Postma: Frisian poet / geography / historian (Frisian Clay Farm)
- 03-22Hamish MacCunn: Composer
- 03-22Henry W Methorst: Lawyer / director (Dutch Central Bureau of Statistics)
- 03-22Robert A Millikan: US physicist (photoelectric effect; Nobel 1923)
People died in year of 1868
- 01-03Moritz Hauptmann: Composer, dies at 75
- 01-07William Batchelder Bradbury: Composer, dies at 51
- 01-14Heinrich Schenker: Austrian musicologist (Ursatz), dies at 66
- 01-22Moritz Ganz: Composer, dies at 61
- 01-28Adalbert Stifter: Austrian Author (Witiko), commits suicide at 62
- 02-29[Charles] Louis I [Augustus]: King of Bavaria (L Montez), dies at 81
- 03-02Carl Eberwein: Composer, dies at 81
- 03-28James Thomas Brudenell: 7th Earl of Cardigan, dies at about 70
- 04-03Franz Adolf Berwald: Swedish composer, dies at 71
- 04-13Theodorus [Kasa]: Emperor of Abyssinia, commits suicide
- 05-03Olof Wilhelm Udden: Composer, dies at 68
- 05-26Michael Barrett: Irish nationalist, last British public execution
- 06-01James Buchanan: 15th US President (1857-61), dies at 77
- 06-05Anselm Huttenbrenner: Composer, dies at 73
- 06-09James Brooke: Rajah of Sarawak (1841-68)
- 06-10Michael Obrenovic: Ruler of Sweden, murdered
- 07-06Samuel Lover: Composer, dies at 71
- 07-10Carlo Conti: Composer, dies at 71
- 07-15William Thomas Morton: Dentist (1st to use ether)
- 07-16Louis-Francois Dauprat: Composer, dies at 87
- 07-20Antoine Prumier: Composer, dies at 75
- 07-20Jan Bedrich Kittl: Composer, dies at 62
- 07-22Zikmund Michal Kolesovsky: Composer, dies at 51
- 07-24George Cattermole: Painter / illustrator
- 08-11Halfdan Kierulf: Composer, dies at 52
- 08-11Thaddeus Stevens: Architect of Radical Reconstruction, dies at 76
- 08-25Costache Negruzzi: Romanian Author / poet, dies at about 60
- 08-25Henry P Scholte: Dutch / US vicar (Iowa), dies at 62
- 08-25Jacob van Lennep: Dutch 2nd member of parliament, dies at 66
- 08-27Franz Xaver Schnyder von Wartensee: Composer, dies at 82